ἀπόλλῡμι or ἀπολ-ύω

(Th. 4.25, Pl. R. 608e, Arist. Pol. 1297a12, but f.l. in Men. 580; the form is rejected by Phryn. PS p.10 B., Moer. 12), impf. ἀπώλλυν A. Pers. 652 (lyr.), S. El. 1360, ἀπώλλυον And. 1.58: fut. ἀπολέσω, ἀπολέσσω, Att. ἀπολῶ, Ion. ἀπολέω Hdt. 1.34, al.: aor. ἀπώλεσα, ἀπόλεσσα: pf. ἀπολώλεκα: - freq. in tmesi in; Pr postponed in Od. 9.534: -

I

1. stronger form of ὄλλυμι, destroy utterly, kill, in Hom. mostly of death in battle, ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν 11.5.758, al.; ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν ib. 1.268; also of things, demolish, lay waste, ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἱρήν ib. 5.648, etc.; generally, βίοτον δ’ ἀπὸ πάμπαν ὀλέσσει will waste my substance, Od. 2.49; οἵ μ’ ἀπωλλύτην sought to destroy me (impf. sense), S. OT 1454; in pregnant sense, ἐπεί με γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπώλεσε drove me ruined from.., E. Hec. 946; τῆς παρ’ ἡμέραν χάριτος τὰ μέγιστα τῆς πόλεως ἀ. for the sake of.., D. 8.70.

2. λόγοις or λέγων ἀ. τινά talk or bore one to death, S. El. 1360, Ar. Nu. 892 (lyr.): hence, alone, in fut. ἀπολεῖς με Id. Ach. 470; οἴμ’ ὡς ἀπολεῖς με Pherecr. 108.20; ἀπολεῖ μ’ οὑτοσί by his questions, Antiph. 222.8, etc.

3. ruin a woman, Lys. 1.8.

II lose, πατέρ’ ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα Od. 2.46, cf. Il. 18.82, Democr. 272; ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ Od. 1.354; ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι

I

1. lose one’s life, 11.16.861, Od. 12.350; θυμὸν οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν loses not his spirit, S. El. 26; ἔλεον ἀπώλεσεν 11.24.44; freq. of things, ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι Democr. 224; ἵππους ἑβδομήκοντα ἀπολλύασι Th. 7.51; ἀπώλεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ Περσῶν X. An. 3.4.11, cf. 7.2.22; μηδὲν ἀπολλὺς τοῦ ὄγκου Pl. Tht. 155c; ἀ. οὐσίαν, = ἀπόλλυσθαι, Id. Prm. 163d. Med., ἀπόλλῠμαι: fut. -ολοῦμαι, Ion. -ολέομαι Hdt. 7.218: aor. 2 -ωλόμην: pf. -όλωλα, whence the barbarous impf. ἀπόλωλο Ar. Th. 1212: plpf. in Att. Prose sts. written ἀπωλώλειν in codd., as Th. 4.133, 7.27: - perish, die, 11.1.117, etc.; cease to exist, opp. γίγνεσθαι, Meliss. 8, Pl. Prm. 156b, etc.: sts. c. acc. cogn., ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον Od. 1.166; ἀπωλόμεθ’ αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον ib. 9.303: c. dat. modi, ἀπώλετο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ (v.l. λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον) ib. 3.87; ἀ. ὑπό τινος Hdt. 5.126; simply, to be undone, αὐτῶν.. ἀπωλόμεθ’ ἀφραδίῃσιν Od. 10.27; ἀπωλώλει τῷ φόβῳ μή.. X. Cyr. 6.1.2: freq. in Att., esp. in pf., ἀπόλωλας you are lost, Ar. Nu. 1077; ἀπωλόμεθ’ ἂν εἰ μὴ ἀπολώλειμεν Plu. 2.185f; ἱκανὸν χρόνον ἀπολλύμεθα καὶ κατατετρίμμεθα Ar. Pax 355; βλέπειν ἀπολωλός Philostr.Jun. Im. 2: - as an imprecation, κάκιστ’ ἀπολοίμην εἰ.. Ar. Ach. 151, al.; κακὸς κακῶς ἀπόλοιθ’ ὅστις.. Eub. 116; ἐξώλης ἀπόλοιθ’ ὅστις.. Men. 154; ἀπολλύμενος, opp. σῳζόμενος, Isoc. 6.36, cf. Plu. 2.469d: freq. in part. fut., κάκιστ’ ἀπολούμενε o destined to a miserable end! i.e. o thou villain, scoundrel, knave! Ar. Pl. 713, cf. 456, Ach. 865, Pax 2; ὁ κάκιστ’ ἀνέμων ἀ. Luc. DDeor. 14.2.

2. in NT, perish, in theol. sense, Joh 3:16, al.; οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι, opp. οἱ σῳζόμενοι, 1Co 1:18.

II to be lost, ὕδωρ ἀπολέσκετ’ (of the water eluding Tantalus) Od. 11.586; οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται never falls untimely, ib. 7.117; ἀπό τέ σφισιν ὕπνος ὄλωλεν Il. 10.186; γέλως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπόλωλεν X. Smp. 1.15; ἀπολόμενον ἀργύριον Antipho Soph. 54; ἀπώλοντο οἱ ὄνοι LXX 1Sa 9:3.

ἀπόλλυμι apollymi 90x

    to destroy utterly; to kill, Mat 2:13;

    to bring to nought, make void, 1Co 1:19;

    to lose, be deprived of, Mat 10:42;

    to be destroyed, perish, Mat 9:17;

    to be put to death, to die, Mat 26:52;

    to be lost, to stray, Mat 10:6 destroy; lose; perish.

G622 — ἀπόλλυμι

and ἀπολλύω ((ἀπολλύει Joh 12:25 T Tr WH), imperative ἀπόλλυε Rom 14:15 (cf. Buttmann, 45 (39); WH's Appendix, p. 168f)); future ἀπολέσω and (1Co 1:19 ἀπολῶ from a passage in the O. T., where often) ἀπολῶ (cf. Winers Grammar, 83 (80); (Buttmann, 64 (56))); 1 aorist ἀπώλεσα; to destroy; middle, present ἀπόλλυμαι; (imperfect 3 person plural ἀπώλλυντο 1Co 10:9 T Tr WH); future ἀπολοῦμαι; 2 aorist ἀπωλόμην; (2 perfect active participle ἀπολωλώς); (from Homer down); to perish.

1. to destroy i. e. to put out of the way entirely, abolish, put an end to, ruin: Mar 1:24; Luk 4:34; Luk 17:27, Luk 17:29; Jude 1:5; τήν σοφίαν render useless, cause its emptiness to be perceived, 1Co 1:19 (from the Sept. of Isa 29:14); to kill: Mat 2:13; Mat 12:14; Mar 9:22; Mar 11:18; Joh 10:10, etc.; contextually, to declare that one must be put to death: Mat 27:20; metaphorically, to devote or give over to eternal misery: Mat 10:28; Jam 4:12; contextually, by one's conduct to cause another to lose eternal salvation: Rom 14:15. Middle to perish, to be lost, ruined, destroyed;

a. of persons; (a). properly: Mat 8:25; Luk 13:3, Luk 13:5, Luk 13:33; Joh 11:50; 2Pe 3:6; Jude 1:11, etc.; ἀπόλλυμαι λιμῷ, Luk 15:17; ἐν μαχαρια, Mat 26:52; καταβαλλόμενοι, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀπολλύμενοι, 2Co 4:9. (b). tropically, to incur the loss of true or eternal life; to be delivered up to eternal misery: Joh 3:15 (R Lbr.), ; Joh 10:28; (it must be borne in mind, that according to John's conception eternal life begins on earth, just as soon as one becomes united to Christ by faith); Rom 2:12; 1Co 8:11; 1Co 15:18; 2Pe 3:9. Hence, οἱ σῳζόμενοι they to whom it belongs to partake of salvation, and οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι those to whom it belongs to perish or to be consigned to eternal misery, are contrasted by Paul: 1Co 1:18; 2Co 2:15; 2Co 4:8; 2Th 2:10 (on these present participles, cf. Winers Grammar, 342 (321); Buttmann, 206 (178)).

b. of things; to be blotted out, to vanish away: ἡ εὐπρέπεια, Jam 1:11; the heavens, Heb 1:11 (from Psalm 101:27; to perish — "of things which on being thrown away are decomposed, as μέλος τοῦ σώματος, Mat 5:29f; remnants of bread, Joh 6:12; — or which perish in some other way, as βρῶσις, Joh 6:27; χρυσίον, 1Pe 1:7; — or which are mined so that they can no longer subserve the use for which they were designed, as οἱ ἀσκοί: Mat 9:17; Mar 2:22; Luk 5:37.

2. to destroy i. e. to lose;

a. properly: Mat 10:42; Mar 9:41 (τόν μισθόν αὐτοῦ); Luk 15:4, Luk 15:8, Luk 15:9; Luk 9:25; Luk 17:33; Joh 12:25; 2Jo 1:8, etc.

b. metaphorically, Christ is said to lose anyone of his followers (whom the Father has drawn to discipleship) if such a one becomes wicked and fails of salvation: Joh 6:39, cf. Joh 18:9. Middle to be lost: θρίξ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς, Luk 21:18; θρίξ ἀπό τῆς κεφαλῆς, Act 27:34 (Rec. πεσεῖται); τά λαμπρά ἀπώλετο ἀπό σου, Rev 18:14 (Rec. ἀπῆλθε). Used of sheep, straying from the flock: properly, Luk 15:4 (τό ἀπολωλός, in Mat 18:12 τό πλανώμενον). Metaphorically, in accordance with the O. T. comparison of the people of Israel to a flock (Jer 27:6; Eze 34:4, Eze 34:16), the Jews, neglected by their religious teachers, left to themselves and thereby in danger of losing eternal salvation, wandering about as it were without guidance, are called τά πρόβατα τά ἀπολωλότα τοῦ οἴκου Ἰσραήλ: Mat 10:6; Mat 15:24 (Isa 53:6; 1Pe 2:25); and Christ, reclaiming them from wickedness, is likened to a shepherd and is said ζητεῖν καί σῴζειν τό ἀπολωλός: Luk 19:10; Mat 18:11 Rec. (Compare: συναπόλλυμι.)

ἀπ - όλλυμι and ἀπολλύω ,

[in LXX for H6, etc. (38 words in all)].

1. Act. ,

(1) to destroy utterly, destroy, kill: Mk 124, 922, al. ; τ . ψνχήν , Mat 10:28, al. ;

(2) to lose utterly: Mat 10:42, al. ; metaph ., of failing to save, Joh 6:39; Joh 18:9.

2. Mid .,

(1) to perish;

(a) of things: Mat 5:29, Joh 6:12, Heb 1:11 ( LXX , al. ;

(b) of persons: Mat 8:26, al. Metaph ., of loss of eternal life, Joh 3:15-16; Joh 10:28; Joh 17:12, Rom 2:12, 1Co 8:11; 1Co 15:18 , 2Pe 3:9. In οἱ ἀπολλὺμενοι , the perishing, contrasted in 1Co 1:18, al. , with οἱ σωζόμενοι , the "perfective" force of the verb, WH . " implies the completion of the process of destruction," is illustrated ( v. M , Pr., 114 f .; M , Th ., ii, 2:10);

(2) to be lost: Luk 15:4; Luk 21:18. Metaph ., on the basis of the relation between shepherd and flock, of spiritual destitution and alienation from God: Mat 10:6; Mat 15:24, Luk 19:10 ( MM , s.v. ; DCG, i, 191 f ., ii, 76, 554; Cremer , 451).

詞類次數：動詞（92）

原文字根：從-全部 放蕩 相當於：H6（אָבַד‎）

字義溯源：全毀，毀壞，滅亡，除滅，滅，殺，失喪，喪掉，喪命，迷失，失落，失去，失，毀滅，滅絕，處死，蹧踏，沉淪，損壞，壞；由（G575（ἀπό / ἀπαρτί / ἀποπέμπω）*=從，出，離）與（G3639（ὀλέθριος / ὄλεθρος）=敗壞）組成；而G3639（ὀλέθριος / ὄλεθρος）出自（G3643（ὀλιγωρέω）X*=毀壞）。比較：G684（ἀπώλεια）=沉淪，喪失

同源字：1）G684（ἀπώλεια）沉淪 2）G3089（λύω）解開 3）G4881（συναπόλλυμι）一同滅亡。參讀G337（ἀναιρέω）同義字

出現次數：總共（92）；太（20）；可（10）；路（28）；約（10）；徒（2）；羅（2）；林前（6）；林後（3）；帖後（1）；來（1）；雅（2）；彼前（1）；彼後（2）；約貳（1）；猶（2）；啓（1）

譯字彙編：

1）除滅（6）太12:14；太22:7；太27:20；可11:18；可12:9；路20:16；

2）滅亡（6）路13:3；路13:5；約3:16；約11:50；徒5:37；羅2:12；

3）喪掉（3）太16:25；可8:35；路9:24；

4）滅（2）可9:22；路4:34；

5）滅了（2）路17:27；路17:29；

6）失（2）路15:24；路15:32；

7）必喪掉（2）路9:24；路17:33；

8）失去（2）路15:4；路15:6；

9）失落（2）路15:8；約6:39；

10）滅亡的（2）約17:12；林前1:18；

11）毀滅（2）雅4:12；啓18:14；

12）滅亡的人（2）林後2:15；林後4:3；

13）失喪（2）太18:14；羅14:15；

14）迷失的（2）太10:6；太15:24；

15）所滅（2）林前10:9；林前10:10；

16）滅亡了（2）林前15:18；猶1:11；

17）若失去（2）太5:29；太5:30；

18）我們喪命喇（2）太8:25；路8:24；

19）會損壞（1）徒27:34；

20）消沒了（1）雅1:11；

21）我要滅絕（1）林前1:19；

22）死亡（1）林後4:9；

23）沉淪的人（1）帖後2:10；

24）喪失了（1）林前8:11；

25）都要滅沒（1）來1:11；

26）滅絕了（1）猶1:5；

27）他⋯會失去（1）可9:41；

28）我們⋯喪命啦（1）可4:38；

29）他們⋯滅亡（1）約10:28；

30）我⋯失落（1）約18:9；

31）你們⋯失去（1）約貳1:8；

32）滅⋯麼（1）可1:24；

33）將要⋯滅亡（1）太26:52；

34）沉淪（1）彼後3:9；

35）消滅了（1）彼後3:6；

36）失喪⋯的（1）太10:39；

37）他⋯失去（1）太10:42；

38）他要⋯除滅（1）太21:41；

39）能壞（1）彼前1:7；

40）失喪的人（1）路19:10；

41）將喪掉（1）可8:35；

42）可除滅（1）可3:6；

43）會壞了（1）路5:37；

44）滅害（1）路6:9；

45）喪掉了（1）路9:25；

46）就都壞了（1）可2:22；

47）失喪的（1）太18:11；

48）也壞了（1）太9:17；

49）都滅（1）太10:28；

50）將要失喪（1）太10:39；

51）必將喪掉（1）太16:25；

52）要滅（1）路9:56；

53）被殺（1）路11:51；

54）損壞（1）路21:18；

55）殺（1）路19:47；

56）蹧蹋的（1）約6:12；

57）必壞（1）約6:27；

58）毀壞（1）約10:10；

59）要除滅（1）太2:13；

60）喪掉的（1）路17:33；

61）喪命（1）路13:33；

62）失去的（1）路15:4；

63）我失落（1）路15:9；

64）死（1）路15:17；

65）就失喪（1）約12:25