H3772. karath
כָּרַת291 verb cut off, cut down (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian karâtu, II. hew off DlHWB 357); —
Qal Perfect ׳כ [Gen 15:18-19]t.; 2 masculine singular כָּרָ֑תָּ [Deut 20:20]; [1]singular כָּרַתִּי [Exod 34:27] [15]t.; + 8 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִכְרֹת Job 40:28 [21]t.; 2 masculine singular תִּכְרָתֿ [Isa 57:8]; [1]singular אֶכְרוֺת [61:8]; [1Sam 11:2]; אֶכְרְתָה [Isa 55:3]; [3]masculine plural יִכְרֹ֑תוּ [Hosea 12:2]; [Psa 83:6]; [1]plural נִכְרְתָה [Gen 26:28]; [31:44]; suffix נִכְרְתֶנּוּ [Jer 11:19]; 31t. Imperfect Imperative כְּרָתֿ [1Sam 11:1]; כָּרְתָה [2Sam 3:12]; [4]t. Imperative; Infinitive absolute כָּרֹת [Hosea 10:4]; כָּרוֺת [Neh 9:8]; construct כְּרֹת [Jer 34:8] [2]t.; כְּרָתֿ [Isa 44:14] [2]t.; כְּרוֺת[2Chr 2:7]; [29:10]; suffix כָּרְתִי [1Sam 24:12]; Participle active כֹּרֵת [Exod 34:10] [3]t.; + 3 t. Participle active passive כָּרוּת [Lev 22:24]; construct כְּרוּת [Deut 23:2]; plural ת[וֺ]כְּרֻת [1Kin 7:12] [3]t.; —
1 cut off :
a. things: with accusative foreskin [Exod 4:25] (J); privy member [Lev 22:24] (H) [Deut 23:2]; cluster of grapes [Num 13:23-24], (E); bough of tree [Judg 9:48-49], skirt [1Sam 24:5]; [24:6]; [24:12]; head of man [17:51]; [31:9]; [2Sam 20:22]; garments [10:4] = [1Chr 19:4]; palms of hands [1Sam 5:4]; sprigs [Isa 18:5].
b. persons, with accusative of person מִן location [Jer 11:19]; [50:16].
2 cut down, with accusative tress [Deut 19:5]; [20:19-20], [2Kin 19:23] = [Isa 37:24]; [44:14]; [Jer 6:6]; [10:3]; [22:7]; [46:23]; [Ezek 31:12]; asherim [Exod 34:13] (J) [Judg 6:25-26], [30]; [1Kin 15:13] [2Chr 15:16]; [2Kin 18:4]; [23:14]
3 hew, timber 1 Kings 5:20 (twice in verse) = [2Chr 2:7]; [2:15]; [Isa 14:8]; הָעֵצִים כֹּרְתֵי hewers of timber[2Chr 2:9]; כְּרֻת(וֺ)ת hewn beams [1Kin 6:36]; [7:2], [12];
4 ׳כ בְּרִית cut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see בְּרִית); כ אֲשֶׁר ׳הָעֵגֶל the calf which they cut [Jer 34:18] (referring to [Gen 15:10]); עֲלֵיזֶֿבַח [Psa 50:5]; absolute [Gen 21:27], [32]; [31:44] (E) [1Sam 18:3]; 1 Kings 5:26; [Hosea 10:4]; with אֶת with [Gen 15:18]; [Exod 34:27]; [Deut 31:16] (J) [5:3]; Deuteronomy 28:69 (twice in verse); [29:13]; [2Sam 3:12-13], [21]; [2Kin 17:15], [35], [38]; [Isa 28:15]; [Jer 11:10]; [31:31-32], [33]; [34:8], [13]; [Ezek 17:13]; [Zech 11:10]; [Psa 105:9] = [1Chr 16:16]; with עִם [Gen 26:28] (J) [Exod 24:8] (E) [Deut 4:23]; [5:2]; [9:9]; [29:11]; [29:24]; [1Kin 8:21] [2Chr 6:11]; [23:3]; [Neh 9:8]; [Hosea 2:20]; [12:2]; Job 40:28; ׳בְּ omitted [1Sam 20:16]; [22:8]; [1Kin 8:9] [2Chr 5:10]; with לְ [Exod 23:32]; [34:12], [15]; [Josh 9:6-7], [11], [15], [16]; [24:25] (JE) [Deut 7:2]; [Judg 2:2]; [1Sam 11:1]; [2Sam 5:3]; [1Kin 20:34]; [2Kin 11:4]; [1Chr 11:3]; [2Chr 21:7]; [29:10]; [Ezra 10:3]; [Isa 55:3]; [61:8]; [Jer 32:40]; [Ezek 34:25]; [37:26]; [Job 31:1]; [Psa 89:4]; ׳בְּ omitted [1Sam 11:2]; [2Chr 7:18]; נֶגֶד [Exod 34:10] (J); לִפְנֵי [1Sam 23:18]; [2Kin 23:3] [2Chr 34:31]; [Jer 34:15], [18]; וּבֵין בֵּין [2Kin 11:17]; [2Chr 23:16]; with עַל against, [Psa 83:6]; אֲמָנָה is used for ברית [Neh 10:1]; and דָּבָר [Hag 2:5].
Note. — מֵהֶם וַתִּכְרָתלָֿךְ [Isa 57:8] is usually rendered as RV made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of ׳בּ as above. But מִן is not used in such a construction. The clause is commonly regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם for מֵהֶם, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי after [Hosea 3:2].
Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נִכְרַת [Joel 1:5] [5]t.; נִכְרָ֑ת [1:16] [2]t.; 3 feminine singular נִכְרְתָה [Gen 17:14] [16]t.; נִכְרָ֑תָה [Psa 37:38]; [2]masculine singular נִכְרַתָּ Obadiah 10; 8t. Perfect; Imperfect יִכָרֵת [Gen 9:11] [21]t.; יִכָּֽרֶתֿ Obadiah 9; 3masculine plural יִכָּֽרְתוּ [Zech 13:8]; יִכָּרֵת֑וּן [Josh 3:13]; [Psa 37:9]; [9]t. Imperfect; Infinitive הִכָּרֵת [Num 15:31]; [Psa 37:34]. —
1 be cut off:
a. of things, forward tongue [Prov 10:31]; burden from a nail [Isa 22:25]; chariots [Zech 9:10]; dwelling [Zeph 3:7].
b. of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ) [Gen 41:36] (E); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי) [9:11] (P); the anointed [Dan 9:26]; enemies [Isa 11:13]; [Micah 5:8]; the wicked [Isa 29:20]; [Hosea 8:4]; [Nahum 2:1]; [Psa 37:9]; [37:22]; [37:28]; [37:34]; [37:38]; [Prov 2:22]; others Obadiah 9, 10; [Zeph 1:11]; [Zech 13:8]; [14:2].
c. in the technical phrases of H and P ההיא הַנֶּפֶשׁ וְנִכְרְתָה that person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָ [Gen 17:14]; [Lev 7:20-21], [25], [27]; [Num 9:13]; [Lev 19:8]; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל [Exod 12:15]; [Num 19:13]; יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵעֲדַת [Exod 12:19]; עַמֶּיהָ מִקֶּרֶב [31:14]; [Num 15:30]; (עַמָּהּ); מִלְּפָנַי [Lev 22:3]; הַקָּהָל מִתּוֺךְ [Num 19:20]; similarly with variation of subject [Exod 30:33], [38]; [Lev 17:4], [9]; [18:29]; [20:18]; [23:29], and with omission of word with מִן [17:14]; [20:17]; [Num 15:31] (twice in verse).
2 be cut down, a tree [Job 14:7].
3 be chewed between the teeth [Num 11:33] (J).
4 be cut off, in a more General sense, fail: of waters [Josh 3:13], [16] (JE) [4:7] (twice in verse) (D); new wine [Joel 1:5]; meat [1:16]; hope [Prov 23:18]; [24:14]; a name [Isa 48:19]; [56:5]; [Ruth 4:10]; a sign [Isa 55:13]; faithfulness [Jer 7:28]; לְ יִכָּרֵת ׳לֹא אִישׁ there shall not fail thee a man [1Kin 2:4]; [8:25] [2Chr 6:16]; [1Kin 9:5] [2Chr 7:18]; [Jer 33:17-18], [35:19]; מן יכרת לא there shall not fail of [Josh 9:23] (J) [2Sam 3:29].
Pual Perfect כָּרַּת [Ezek 16:4]; [3]feminine singular כֹּרָ֑תָה [Judg 6:28]; —
1 be cut off, navel string [Ezek 16:4].
2 be cut down, Asherah [Judg 6:28].
Hiph`il Perfect הִכְרִית [1Sam 28:9]; [1Kin 11:16]; [3]feminine singular הִכְרִיתָה [Lev 26:22]; [1]singular הִכְרַתִּי [Josh 23:4] 32t.; + 4 t. Perfect; Imperfect יַכְרִית [Deut 12:29] [2]t.; jussive יַכְרֵת [Psa 12:4] [4]t.; 1 singular וָאַכְרִ֫תָה [2Sam 7:9]; [1]plural suffix וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה [Jer 48:2]; [9]t. Imperfect; Infinitive הַכְרִית [44:8] [15]t.; הַכְרִת [1Sam 20:15]; + suffix 2t. —
1 cut off, flattering lips [Psa 12:4].
2 cut off, destroy the life of:
a. animals with accusative, cattle [Lev 26:22] (H); with accusative and מִן frogs [Exod 8:5] (J); horses [Micah 5:9]; [Zech 9:10].
b. of men abs. [Psa 109:13], by men, with accusative enemies [Judg 4:24]; [1Sam 24:22]; [1Kin 11:16]; [14:14]; [18:4]; [2Chr 22:7]; [Isa 10:7]; [Ezek 17:17]; Obadiah 14; with accusative and מִן enemies [Josh 11:21]; [Jer 48:2]; the wicked [Psa 101:8]; a clan [Num 4:18] (P); young men by death [Jer 9:20]; people by the sword [Nahum 3:15]; necromancers [1Sam 28:9]; the name [Josh 7:9].
c. of men, by God with accucusative. (הַ)גּוֺיִם [Deut 19:1]; [Josh 23:4] (D) [Zeph 3:6]; various persons and things [Isa 48:9]; [Jer 44:11]; [51:62]; [Ezek 25:16]; [30:15]; [Zech 9:6]; with accusative and מִן [Ezek 25:7]; [Amos 1:5], [8]; [2:3]; מֵאֶרֶץ Nahum 2 :14; [Psa 34:17] = [109:15]; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל [Isa 9:13]; מִיַּד [Micah 5:11]; מִמָּנֶיךָ [Deut 12:29]; [2Sam 7:9] = [1Chr 17:8]; הָאֲדָמָה מְּנֵי מֵעַל [1Sam 20:15]; [1Kin 9:7]; [Zeph 1:3]; עַמּוֺ מִקֶּרֶב [Lev 17:10]; [20:3], [5], [6] (H); עַמִּי מִתּוֺךְ [Ezek 14:8]; Ezekiel says also וּבְהֵמָה אָ֗֗֗דָם ׳הכ מִן [14:13], [17], [19], [21]; [25:13]; [29:8]; ורשׁע צדיק [21:8]; [21:9]; ושׁב עבר [35:7]; with accusative and לְ cutt off, to, or from [Isa 14:22]; [Jer 44:7-8], [47:4]; ׳כ ׳לְ בְּקִיר מַשְׁתִּין [1Kin 14:10]; [21:21]; [2Kin 9:8]; ׳כ ׳ל מזבח מעם [1Sam 2:33]; י ׳יַכְרֵת יַעֲקֹב מֵאָֽהֳלֵי לָאִישׁ [Mal 2:12] may Yahweh cut off to the man — from the tents of Jacob.
3 cut down, destroy, cities [Micah 5:10], sun-pillars [Lev 26:30] (H); and other things used in idolartry [Nahum 1:14]; [Zeph 1:4]; הארץ מן [Zech 13:2]; מִקֶּרֶב [Micah 5:12].
4 take away, מֵעִם חֶסֶד kindness from [1Sam 20:15].
5 permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה (some) of the cattle [1Kin 18:5].
Hoph`al Perfect י מִבֵּית וָנֶסֶךְ מִנְחָה ׳הָכְרַת [Joel 1:9].
כָּרַת
原文音譯:tr;K' kaw-rath’
詞類次數:動詞(289)
原文字根:切;相當於 G609(ἀποκόπτω) G1303(διατίθεμαι / διατίθημι) G1581(ἐκκόπτω) G1808(ἐξαίρω) G2692(καταστροφή)
字義溯源:砍倒*,示意:毀滅,消滅,(為著結盟,立約,將牲肉切成碎塊),壓壞,結盟,剪除,吞滅,除滅,滅絕,滅沒,滅盡,毀壞,倒下,砍開,砍伐,砍下,割下,割去,割除,殺戮,騸割,無約束,中斷,切斷,砍斷,斷絕,斷,立,立約
出現次數:總共(287);創(8);出(14);利(20);民(10);申(16);書(14);士(8);得(1);撒上(17);撒下(8);王上(17);王下(10);代上(4);代下(15);拉(1);尼(2);伯(3);詩(14);箴(4);賽(18);耶(27);結(19);但(1);何(4);珥(3);摩(3);俄(3);彌(5);鴻(4);番(5);該(1);亞(7);瑪(1)
譯字彙編:1)
剪除(51)
[出12:15];
[出12:19];
[出31:14];
[利7:20];
[利7:27];
[利17:10];
[利18:29];
[利20:3];
[利20:5];
[利20:6];
[利20:18];
[利22:3];
[民4:18];
[民15:30];
[民15:31];
[民19:13];
[民19:20];
[申19:1];
[撒上20:15];
[撒上24:21];
[撒上28:9];
[王上9:7];
[王上18:4];
[代下22:7];
[詩37:38];
[詩101:8];
[詩109:13];
[箴2:22];
[賽10:7];
[賽48:9];
[賽48:19];
[賽55:13];
[賽56:5];
[耶9:21];
[耶44:7];
[耶44:11];
[耶47:4];
[耶51:62];
[結14:13];
[結14:19];
[結14:21];
[結17:17];
[結21:3];
[結21:4];
[結25:13];
[結25:16];
[結29:8];
[摩1:5];
[俄1:9];
[俄1:14];
[亞14:2];
2)立(44)[創15:18];[出23:32];[出34:12];[出34:15];[申4:23];[申5:2];[申7:2];[申9:9];[申29:1];[申29:14];[書9:7];[書9:15];[書9:16];[書24:25];[士2:2];[撒上11:1];[撒上18:3];[撒上23:18];[撒下3:12];[撒下3:13];[撒下3:21];[撒下5:3];[王上5:12];[王上8:9];[王上20:34];[王下11:4];[王下11:17];[王下17:15];[王下23:3];[代上11:3];[代下23:3];[代下23:16];[代下29:10];[代下34:31];[拉10:3];[尼9:8];[尼9:38];[伯41:4];[賽57:8];[耶34:8];[耶34:15];[結17:13];[何2:18];[何12:1];
3)所立的(9)[出24:8];[申29:1];[申29:12];[申29:25];[王下17:38];[代上16:16];[代下5:10];[詩105:9];[耶31:32];
4)砍下(9)[出34:13];[利26:30];[民13:23];[士9:48];[王上15:13];[王下18:4];[王下23:14];[代下15:16];[伯14:7];
5)砍伐(9)[申20:19];[申20:20];[王上5:6];[王上5:6];[代下2:8];[代下2:10];[代下2:16];[賽44:14];[耶10:3];
6)被剪除(9)[利7:21];[利7:25];[利17:4];[利17:9];[利19:8];[利23:29];[耶7:28];[耶44:8];[何8:4];
7)必被剪除(8)[利17:14];[詩37:9];[詩37:22];[詩37:28];[賽11:13];[賽29:20];[但9:26];[亞13:8];
8)斷(6)[撒下3:29];[王上8:25];[王上9:5];[代下7:18];[耶33:17];[耶33:18];
9)除滅(5)[出8:9];[書7:9];[詩34:16];[鴻1:14];[亞13:2];
10)斷絕(5)[書3:16];[書4:7];[箴23:18];[箴24:14];[珥1:9];
11)立的(4)[申5:3];[王上8:21];[代下21:7];[耶31:33];
12)所立(4)[代下6:11];[耶11:10];[耶34:18];[亞11:10];
13)切斷(3)[撒上20:15];[代下6:16];[結16:4];
14)我必剪除(3)[王上14:10];[摩1:8];[摩2:3];
15)我必⋯剪除(3)[結35:7];[彌5:10];[番1:3];
16)割下(3)[出4:25];[撒上24:4];[撒上24:5];
17)與我們立(2)[書9:6];[書9:11];
18)消滅(2)[創9:11];[創41:36];
19)也必除滅(2)[彌5:11];[亞9:10];
20)我要砍伐(2)[王下19:23];[賽37:24];
21)我必除滅(2)[亞9:6];[亞9:10];
22)都被剪除(2)[彌5:9];[番1:11];
23)曾立(2)[王下17:35];[耶34:13];
24)滅絕了(2)[士4:24];[鴻1:15];
25)我要⋯立(2)[賽61:8];[耶31:31];
26)斷絕了(2)[珥1:5];[珥1:16];
27)我必⋯立(2)[賽55:3];[結34:25];
28)砍(2)[申19:5];[士9:49];
29)剪除他(2)[耶48:2];[瑪2:12];
30)我必⋯除滅(2)[彌5:13];[鴻2:13];
31)立約(1)[該2:5];
32)並要剪除(1)[結30:15];
33)將他剪除(1)[結14:8];
34)必⋯剪除(1)[創17:14];
35)被除滅(1)[番3:7];
36)必將它砍斷(1)[結31:12];
37)又必除掉(1)[彌5:12];
38)他們⋯立了(1)[創21:32];
39)你必被剪除(1)[俄1:10];
40)必殺戮你(1)[鴻3:15];
41)也必剪除(1)[番1:4];
42)來立(1)[何10:4];
43)我除滅(1)[番3:6];
44)他就⋯切斷(1)[王上2:4];
45)將他⋯剪除(1)[耶11:19];
46)我們曾⋯立(1)[賽28:15];
47)因此⋯剪除(1)[賽9:14];
48)願⋯被剪除(1)[詩109:15];
49)又要⋯立(1)[耶32:40];
50)他們曾將⋯劈開(1)[耶34:18];
51)並且我要⋯立(1)[結37:26];
52)我必⋯剪除你(1)[結25:7];
53)以致我將⋯剪除(1)[結14:17];
54)你們要⋯都剪除了(1)[耶50:16];
55)就是那些⋯的人(1)[詩50:5];
56)我⋯已經立(1)[伯31:1];
57)他們⋯被剪除(1)[利20:17];
58)我是⋯立(1)[出34:27];
59)他要⋯被剪除(1)[出30:38];
60)這人⋯被剪除(1)[出30:33];
61)我⋯立(1)[申31:16];
62)我就⋯立約(1)[撒上11:2];
63)我⋯所立的(1)[代下7:18];
64)我要⋯剪除(1)[代上17:8];
65)他們卻要砍伐(1)[耶46:23];
66)於是⋯立(1)[撒上20:16];
67)我們要⋯立(1)[創26:28];
68)必要剪除(1)[詩12:3];
69)砍除(1)[士6:25];
70)剪除的(1)[書23:4];
71)剪除了(1)[書11:21];
72)中斷(1)[書9:23];
73)砍除的(1)[士6:26];
74)已砍除(1)[士6:28];
75)折斷(1)[撒上5:4];
76)滅盡(1)[撒上2:33];
77)滅沒(1)[得4:10];
78)他砍除(1)[士6:30];
79)就斷絕了(1)[書4:7];
80)必然斷絕(1)[書3:13];
81)或是騸割了的(1)[利22:24];
82)要立(1)[出34:10];
83)可以立(1)[創31:44];
84)就彼此立(1)[創21:27];
85)吞滅(1)[利26:22];
86)被 剪除(1)[民9:13];
87)或割除(1)[申23:1];
88)總要(1)[民15:31];
89)砍下的(1)[民13:24];
90)嚼爛(1)[民11:33];
91)割了(1)[撒上17:51];
92)結盟(1)[撒上22:8];
93)必被割斷(1)[箴10:31];
94)立了(1)[詩89:3];
95)結(1)[詩83:5];
96)被剪除時(1)[詩37:34];
97)(那)砍伐(1)[賽14:8];
98)都必剪除(1)[賽14:22];
99)他們要砍下(1)[耶22:7];
100)你們要砍伐(1)[耶6:6];
101)必被剪斷(1)[賽22:25];
102)削去(1)[賽18:5];
103)和割去(1)[代上19:4];
104)我都必剪除(1)[王下9:8];
105)割斷(1)[撒下10:4];
106)我要剪除(1)[撒下7:9];
107)就割下(1)[撒上31:9];
108)我割下(1)[撒上24:11];
109)他們便割下(1)[撒下20:22];
110)都剪除了(1)[王上11:16];
111)我都要剪除(1)[王上21:21];
112)絕了(1)[王上18:5];
113)必剪除(1)[王上14:14];
114)缺(1)[耶35:19]