H2763. charam
I. [חָרַם] verb Hiph`il ban, devote, exterminate (MI17 החרמתה of devoting, dedicating a city to Chemosh, in clause with כי explaining massacre of all inhabitants; the altar-hearth of ׳י there was dragged before Chemosh; be prohibited, forbidden, unlawful, become sacred; II. make, pronounce sacred, inviolable; Ethiopic prohibit from common use, consecrate to God, esteem unlawful; Palmyrene חרם = consacrÈ VogNo 35; Nabataean id., Eutp. 28; Sabean מחרם sanctuary, temple, OsZMG 1865, 176. 252, חרמתן DHMZMG 1875, 594; Aramaic אַחֲרִים, and especially anathematize, excommunicate; see also WeSkizzen iii, 165, DrSm 100 ff., RSSemitic i. 140 (150)) — Hiph`il Perfect הֶהֱרִים [Josh 8:26] [5]t.; הֶחֱרִם [10:28]; [2]masculine singular וְהַחֲרַמְתָּ֫ה [1Sam 15:18]; [1]singular הֶחֱרַמְתִּי [15:20]; וְהַחֲרַמְתִּ֫י [Num 21:2]; [2]feminine singular וְהַחֲרַמְתְּ(יׅ consecutive [Micah 4:13] (so ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵐ5 RV most; ᵑ01singular), see Ges§ 44, R. 4; plural הֶחֱרִימוּ [1Sam 15:9]; [2Chr 32:14] etc.; ([1Sam 15:3] read ᵐ5 והחרמתו We Dr); Imperfect יַחֲרִם [Lev 27:28]; וַיַּחֲרֵם [Num 21:3]; [Josh 10:37]; suffix וַיַּחֲרִימָהּ [10:1]; [1]plural וַנַּחֲרֵם [Deut 2:34]; [3:6] etc.; Imperative הַחֲרֵם [13:16]; plural הַחֲרִימוּ [Jer 51:3]; suffix הַחֲרִימוּהָ [50:26]; Infinitive absolute הַחֲרֵם [Deut 3:6] [4]t.; construct הַחֲרִים[2Chr 20:23]; [Dan 11:44]; suffix הַחֲרִימָם [Josh 11:20] [4]t.; — ban, devote (especially religiously, followed by objects hostile to the theocracy [see especially [Exod 22:19] Hoph`al]; this involved Generally their destruction; when a city was 'devoted' the inhabitants were put to death, the spoil being destroyed or not according to the gravity of the occasion [contrast [Josh 6:17], [21]; [1Sam 15:3] with [Deut 2:34]f. [3:6-7],], compare MI17 החרמתה כמש לעשתר to Ashtar-Chemosh I devoted it, i.e. the city Nebo); —
1 most often of devoting to destruction cities of Canaanites and other neighbours of Israel, exterminating inhabitants, and destroying or appropriating their possessions:
a. Israel and her leaders subject [Num 21:2-3],(destruction according to vow), [Josh 6:21] (compare ליהוה חֵרֶם [6:17]; all J); in [6:18] read תַּחְמְדוּ (for תַּחֲרִימוּ ᵑ0, see Di VB); [8:26] (ᵐ5, not ᵐ5L, omit verse), [10:1] (JE), [Deut 2:34]; [3:6] (twice in verse); [7:2] (twice in verse) (commanded through Moses, compare for underlying thought [7:4]; [7:5]; [7:6]), [20:17] (twice in verse) (commanded by ׳י), [Josh 2:10]; [10:28], [35], [37], [39], [40] (divine command), [11:11-12], [20], [21] (divine command [11:12]; [11:20]; all D), [1Sam 15:3], [8], [9] (twice in verse); [15:15], [18], [20] (divine command [15:3]; [15:18]; [15:20], compare [15:11]; [15:22]; [15:23]); quite secondary is simple exterminate [1Kin 9:21]; [1Chr 4:41].
b. secondary meaning destroy, exterminate, also with other nations subject: — [2Kin 19:11] = [Isa 37:11] [2Chr 32:14]; [20:23]; [Jer 50:21], [26] (both by divine command), [51:3]; [Dan 11:44].
c. God as subject, figurative all nations and their armies [Isa 34:2]; the nations of Western Asia [Jer 25:9]; the tongue of the Egyptian sea (by drying it up) [Isa 11:15] (but read perhaps החריב with ᵑ7 ᵑ9 ᵑ6 ᵐ5).
d. so also of devoting even Israelites: a city of Israel for worshipping other gods [Deut 13:16]; residents of Jabesh-Gilead for not joining in campaign against Benjamin [Judg 21:11].
2 devote to ׳י: for sacred uses ליהוה החרים the spoil of the nations [Micah 4:13]; private possessions, whether a man, animal, or field [Lev 27:28] (P).
Hoph`al Imperfect יָחֳרַם [Lev 27:29]; [Ezra 10:8]; יָחֳרָ֑ם [Exod 22:19]; —
1 be put under the ban, devoted (to death), for worshipping other gods than ׳י [Exod 22:19] (J E; earliest use of word in OT); for some other theocratic offence [Lev 27:29] (P; see Di).
2 devoted, i.e. forfeited, to the temple treasures [Ezra 10:8]. — On חרם see especially Di (Kn) [Lev 27:28]; EwAntiq. 75. 78, Dr [1Sam 15:33].
II. [חָרַם] verb slit (nose, lip, ear, etc.), mutilate, especially face (Arabic perforate, pierce, slit the partition between the nostrils, or the lip, or the lobe of the ear) —
Qal Passive participle שָׂרוּעַ אוֺ חָרֻם אוֺ מִּסֵּחַ אוֺ עִוֵּר אִישׁ a man blind or lame or mutilated in the face (in nose, lip, ear, etc.), or too long in a limb [Lev 21:18] (H), see Di (Kn).