ἀφαιρ-έω, Ion. ἀπαιρέω, fut. -ήσω: pf. ἀφῄρηκα, Ion. ἀπαραίρηκα: aor. ἀφεῖλον, later inf. ἀφέλαι GDI 4940.35 (Cret.); ἀφῄρησα Gal. 11.121: -
I
1. take away from: - Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Od. 14.455, cf. A. Eu. 360 codd., etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, X. Cyr. 7.1.44): less freq. ἀ. τί τινος Ar. Pax 560, X. Lac. 4.7; κῆρα χώρας A. Th. 777 (lyr.); ἔκ τινος Id. Eu. 444; also τινά τι prob. l. ib. 360, S. Ph. 933, v. infr. II. I, III: c. gen., take from, τιμῆς οὔτ’ ἀφελὼν οὔτ’ ἐπορεξάμενος [Son 5:2]; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίας Pl. R. 360e; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, X. Vect. 4.4: c. acc. only, ἀπελὼν τὰ ἄχθεα having taken them off, Hdt. 1.80; βασιλέων.. ὀργὰς ἀφῄρουν took away, E. Med. 455, cf. Ar. Pl. 22, Ra. 518.
2. set aside, κρέα SIG 1044.41 (Halic., iv B. C.). exclude, separate, τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίς Pl. Plt. 262d; opp. προστιθέναι, Id. Phd. 95e, etc.
3. Math., ἀ. ἀπὸ.. subtract from, Euc. Ax. 3 (Pass.), etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Apollon. Perg. 1.41 (Pass.); intercept, in Pass., Procl. Hyp. 2.27.
4. in Logic, abstract, c. acc., Arist. APo. 74a37, al.: abs., Id. Metaph. 1030a33.
II Med., fut. ἀφαιρήσομαι (in pass. sense, v.l. for ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι, Hdt. 5.35, cf. Antipho Fr. 57), later ἀφελοῦμαι Timostr. 5, Plb. 3.29.7: aor. ἀφειλόμην, later ἀφειλάμην Ph. 2.586, D.C. 41.63, cf. Phryn. 116: pf. ἀφῄρημαι (in med. sense) X. Cyr. 7.5.79 (spelt ἀφείρ- Sammelb. 4309 (iii B. C.)): -
1. from Hom. downwds. more freq. than Act., take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, E. El. 928: - Constr. like Act., ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as καὶ δή μοι γέρας.. ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς Il. 1.161; τί τινος 5.673, 691, 9.335, Th. 3.58, Lys. 24.13, etc. (also τεύχεα.. ὤμοιϊν ἀφελέσθαι Il. 13.510); τι πρός τινος E. Tr. 1034; τι ἀπό τινος Ar. V. 883; ἔκ τινος X. Cyn. 12.9: c. dupl. acc. rei et pers., bereave or deprive of, μήτε σὺ τόνδ’.. ἀποαίρεο κούρην Il. 1.275, cf. Hdt. 1.71, 7.104; freq. in Att. and Trag., Lys. l. c., Th. 8.74, D. 20.46, etc.; τέκνα ἀ. τινά E. Andr. 613, cf. Ar. Ach. 464: rarely c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, ἀ. τὰς κύνας τοῦ εὑρεῖν X. Cyn. 6.4; τῆς ἀρχῆς τινά Plu. Ant. 60; τὴν Ἀμαζόνα τοῦ ζωστῆρος Paus. 5.10.9.
2. c. acc. rei, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, And. 2.24; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Th. 4.134; ἕως κελαινῆς νυκτὸς ὄμμ’ ἀφείλετο A. Pers. 428: abs., μέχρι σκότος ἀφείλετο (sc. τὴν δίωξιν) X. HG 1.2.16; ἀ. τὴν μνήμην πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν D. 22.13.
3. folld. by μή c. inf., prevent, hinder from doing, τί μ’ ἄνδρα.. ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖν; S. Ph. 1303, cf. E. Tr. 1146; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σ’ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι ]; Id. Andr. 913; c. inf. Pass., τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναι Paus. 8.52.2; c. inf. only, Pi. I. 1.62: simply, obstruct, ἀρχήν Pl. Lg. 958c.
4. ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Lat. vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Pl. Lg. 914e, Isoc. 12.97, D. 58.19, cf. Lys. 23.10, Aeschin. 1.62.
III Pass., fut. -αιρεθήσομαι E. Hel. 938; -ήσομαι Antipho Fr. 57: pf. ἀφῄρημαι, Ion. ἀπαραίρημαι Hdt. 7.159, etc.: - 1. to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι A. Ch. 962 (lyr.), Hdt. 3.137, etc.; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Id. 1.70, 3.65, 7.159; ἀφῃρέθην τὰ ἐνέχυρα ὑπό τινος D. 47.41; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, E. Tr. 486: c. inf., ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Id. Hipp. 1207: less freq. μηδὲν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὄγκου ἀφαιρεθέντος ἀλλὰ σοῦ αὐξηθέντος Pl. Tht. 155b.
2. ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Id. Lg. 915a.
G851 — ἀφαιρέω
ἀφαίρω; future ἀφαιρήσω ([Rev 22:19] Rec. (from Erasmus, apparently on no Ms. authority; see Tdf.'s note)), and ἀφελῶ (ibid. G L T Tr WH; on this rarer future cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Spr. ii., p. 100); 2 aorist ἀφεῖλον; 1 future passive ἀφαιρεθήσομαι; middle, present ἀφαιροῦμαι; 2 aorist ἀφειλομην; (see αἱρέω); in Greek writings from Homer down; to take from, take away, remove, carry off: τί, [Luk 1:25]; to cut off, τό ὠτίον, [Mat 26:51]; [Mar 14:47] (L T Tr WH τό ὠτάριον); [Luk 22:50] (τό οὖς) (τήν κεφαλήν τίνος, 1 Macc. 7:47; for כָּרַת, [1Sa 17:51]); to take away, τί ἀπό with the genitive of a thing, [Rev 22:19]; τί ἀπό with the genitive of person [Luk 10:42] (T WH omit; L Tr brackets ἀπό) ([Gen 31:31]; [Job 36:7]; [Pro 4:16] (Alex.), etc.); middle (properly, to take away or bear off for oneself), [Luk 16:3] ([Lev 4:10]; [Mic 2:8]; in Greek writings with a simple genitive for ἀπό τίνος); ἀφαιρεῖν τάς ἁμαρτίας to take away siins, of victims expiating them, [Heb 10:4] ([Jer 11:15]; Sir. 47:11); middle of God putting out of his sight, remembering no more, the sins committed by men, i. e., granting pardon for sins (see ἁμαρτία, 2 a.): [Rom 11:27].