H6605. pathach
I. מָּתַח verb open (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician פתח; Assyrian pitû, patû; Sabean פתח OsZMG xix (1865), 197; Arabic ; Ethiopic ; Aramaic מְּתַח, ; Nabataean, Palmyrene פתח); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳פ [2Kin 15:16] +, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִפְתַּח [Exod 21:33] +; 3 masculine plural suffix יִפְתָּחוּם [Neh 13:19], etc.; Imperative masculine singular מְּתַחִ [2Kin 13:17] +; feminine singular מִּתְחִיּ [Song 5:2]; masculine plural מִּתְחוּ [Josh 10:22] +; Infinitive absolute מָּתֹחַ [Deut 15:8] +; construct לִפְתֹח [Ezek 21:27] +; Participle active מֹּתֵחַ [Judg 3:25] +; pass. מָּתוּחַ [Jer 5:16] +, etc.; — open sack, שַׂק, [Gen 42:27] (E), אַמְתַּחַת [43:21]; [44:11] (J), skin-bottle (נאוד). [Judg 4:19], hamper (תֵּדָה) [Exod 2:6] (E), pit (בּוֺר) [21:33] (E; i. e. uncover it), mouth (מִּי) of cave [Josh 10:22] (JE), grave [Ezek 37:12-13], (to bring forth dead), of. (in figurative) [Jer 5:16]; [Psa 5:10]; פָתוּחַ כְּלִי [Num 19:15]; (P) open vessel; door (דֶּלֶת; sometimes opposed to סָגַר) [Judg 3:25] + [3:25] (object omitted), [19:27]; [1Sam 3:15]; [2Kin 9:3], [10]; [2Chr 29:3]; [Job 31:32] (c.ל person); figurative of Leb. [Zech 11:1]; שָׁמַיִם דַּלתֵי [Psa 78:23] (of ׳י, sending rain); ׳ד = city-gates [Neh 13:19]; [Isa 45:1](|| שְׁעָרִים; ׳י subject, with לפְנֵי); ׳ד omitted [Song 5:2], [5], [6]; gate (שַׁעַר), of land [Nahum 3:13] (Infinitive absolute + Imperfect
Niph`al q. v.), compare [Ezek 25:9], שׁער of temple (- court) [46:12] (with ל, person), [Psa 118:19] (id.), city [Isa 26:2], object omitted [Deut 20:11]; [2Kin 15:16]; window, חַלּוֺן, [13:17] (twice in verse),הַשָׁמַיִם אֲרֻבּוֺת (by ׳י sending rain) [Gen 8:6](J), [Mal 3:10]; city [Jer 13:19], מְּתוּחָה עִיר [Josh 8:17] (JE); absolute ׳פ סגר וְלאֹ [Isa 22:22] (twice in verse); — [14:17] is dubious, Gr PerlesAnal. 28. 42 Kit (in Di) read בֵּיתהַֿכֶּלֶא לאֹפֿ ׳לַאֲסִירָיו; > Bu Che Marti לְבֵיתוֺ אִישׁ מִּתַּח לאֹ אֲסִירָיו; storehouse, armoury [Gen 41:56]; [Jer 50:25] (of ׳י), [50:26] (for destruction), figurative of sky, for rain [Deut 28:12] (with ל person; of ׳י ), compare open בָּ֑ר, expose for sale, [Amos 8:5]; open womb, i.e. grant offspring [Gen 29:31]; [30:22] (J); open mouth (מֶּה) to cry, speak [Ezek 21:27]; [Job 3:1]; [Dan 10:16], hence = speak [Isa 53:7] (twice in verse); [Job 33:2]; [Psa 39:10]; [78:2] (בְּמָשָׁל), [109:2] (with עַל person), [Prov 24:7]; [31:8] (with ל person), [31:9]; [31:26] (בְּחָכְמָה); [Psa 49:5] either utter, declare, propound riddle, or open up, expound; have power of speech [38:14]; of ׳י giving power of (prophetic) speech [Ezek 3:27]; [33:22], giving speech to ass [Num 22:28] (J); open mouth, to eat [Ezek 3:2], of earth, to swallow up, [Num 16:32]: [26:10], compare (מֶּה omitted) [Psa 106:17]; open lips, to speak [Job 11:5] (with עִם person), [32:20] (Gi [32:21]); of ׳י opening man's lips [Psa 51:17], man's ear [Isa 50:5] (Assyrian uznâ puttû); of eyes only passive participle, with אֶל [1Kin 8:29] [2Chr 6:20]; [1Kin 8:52]; [Neh 1:6], with ל[2Chr 6:40] (by zeugma), [7:15] (all of ׳י's favour); open hand, in giving [Deut 15:8], [11] (c, ל person, + infinitive absolute), of ׳י [Psa 104:28]; [145:16]; book [Neh 8:5] (twice in verse), letter [6:5]; open river (channel) [Isa 41:18] (of ׳י), rock, letting out water, [Psa 105:41] (id.); open sword, = draw it Ezekiel 21:33; [37:14]; of root אֱלֵימָֿ֑יִם פָתוּחַ שָׁרְשִׁי [Job 29:19], i.e. with no obstacle intervening. — אֶרֶץ תִּפְתַּח [Isa 45:8] is dubious; verb not elsewhere intransitive; Du CheHpt Marti proposes רַחְמָהּ as object; Gr Kit (in Di) read תִּמָּתַח.
Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נִפְתַּח [Isa 5:27], etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִמָּתַח [Ezek 24:27], יִמָּתֵ֑חַ [44:2] +, etc.; Infinitive construct הִמָּתֵחַ [Isa 51:14]; Participle נִפְתָּח [Zech 13:1]; — be opend, of girdle [Isa 5:27] (i.e. loosened), compare of captive [51:14], and, of calamity, [Jer 1:14] be let loose (with עַל person); gates [Nahum 2:7]; [3:13] (of land, thrown open to (ל) enemy), [Ezek 44:2]; [46:1] (twice in verse); [Neh 7:3]; impersonal of man shut in by God [Job 12:14]; of windows of heaven [Gen 7:11] (P), compare [Isa 24:18] (of future destruction); the heavens themselves [Ezek 1:1](for visions); fountain [Zech 13:1]; wine (-skin, with negative) [Job 32:19]; mouth, in speech Job 24:27; [33:22]; ears [Isa 35:5].
Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular מִּתַּח [Job 30:11] +, מִּתֵּ֑חַ [12:18] +, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יְפַתַּח; [Isa 28:24], [1]singular אֲפַתֵּחַ [45:1], etc.; — Infinitive abs מַּתֵּחַ [58:6] construct, id. [Psa 102:21]; Participle מְפַתֵּ֑חַ [1Kin 20:11]; — loose:
1 free, i.e. ungird, camels [Gen 24:32] (J): loins of kings [Isa 45:1] (i.e. disarm them); set free, with suffix person [Psa 105:20]; [Jer 40:4] (with מִן); with accusative תְמוּתָה בְּנֵי [Psa 102:21].
2 loosen (and remove) sack-cloth [Isa 20:2] (c.מֵעַל ), [Psa 30:12]; armour [1Kin 20:11] (object omitted; opposed to חָגַר); bonds [Job 12:18]; [Psa 116:16], compare [Isa 58:6]; [Job 39:5]; cord [30:11]; [38:11]; loosen ground [Isa 28:24] (in tillage; compare VogelstLand wrirthschaft 38, Assyrian puttû).
3 open gates [Isa 60:11], doors [Job 41:6] (figurative of crocodile's jaws); ear [Isa 48:8] (read probably either מָּתַחְתִּי מִּתַּחְתִּי, [ᵐ5 Du Marti], or נִפְתְּחָה [Gr Che Kit in Di]; buds Cant 7:13 (of blossom; object omitted; or intransitive, as sometimes Arabic see Dozy).
Hithpa`el Imperative masculine plural התפתחו [Isa 52:2] Kt < Qr feminine singular הִתְמַּתְּחִי (so ᵐ5; of personified Jerusalem) loosen thee (Ges§ 54f) the fetters of thy neck.
II. [מָּתַח] verb Pi`el engrave (Late Hebrew Pi`el id.,מִּתּוּחַ = Biblical Hebrew, and so ᵑ7; Assyrian patâ—u, bore, penetrate; compare perhaps Arabic , ring (compare Frä252)); — Perfect3masculine singular מִּתַּח[2Chr 3:7], etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיְפַתַּח [1Kin 7:36]; [2]masculine singular תְּפַתַּח [Exod 28:11]; Infinitive construct לְפַתֵּחַ[2Chr 2:6]; [2:13]; Participle מְפַתֵּחַ [Zech 3:9]; — engrave, with accusative + על, on metal [1Kin 7:36]; [2Chr 3:7]; [Exod 28:36] (accusative of congnate meaning with verb חוֺתָם מִּתּוּחֵי), on stone [28:9]; with accusative אֶבֶן + accusative of congnate meaning with verb [28:11](all P); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb only, [Zech 3:9] (on stone), and, in General, [2Chr 2:6]; [2:13].
Pu`al Participle feminine plural חוֺתָם פִתּוּחֵי מְפֻתָּחֹת [Exod 39:9] (P) stones engraved with the engravings of signet.
[מְּתַח] verb open (see Biblical Hebrew); —
Pe`al Passive participle feminine plural מְּתִיחָן [Dan 6:11] opened (windows).
Pe>îl (WCG 225) Perfect3masculine plural מְּתִ֫יחוּ [Dan 7:10] books were opened.