H7311. rum
רוּם verb be high, exalted, rise (Old Hebrew, Phoenician, Old Aramaic, Palmyrene, all in proper names; Sabean in רים epithet of deity and king FellZMG liv (1900), 25 f. also in proper name Mordtmib. xxx (1876), 36 SabDenkm No. 14, 1. 1; Arabic be high, dialect of Oman (JayakarJA xxi. 813, 875) and Zanzibar (PräZMG xxxiv (1880), 218); Ethiopic in derivatives; Aramaic רָם, (very often in derived species and derivatives )); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular consecutive וְרָם [Deut 8:14] +; 3 feminine singular רָ֫מָה [1Sam 2:1] +; וְרָאֲמָה [Zech 14:10] see רָאַם; 3 plural רָמוּ [Prov 30:13]; [Psa 131:1], רָ֑מּוּ [Job 22:12] (Baer Gi; Ges § 20 i); Imperfect יָרוּרָם [Isa 30:18] +, jussive יָרֹם [Num 24:7], וַיָּרָם [Hosea 13:6]; [Ezek 10:4] [וֵיָּרֻם [Exod 16:20] see רמם]; 3 masculine plural יְרֻמ֑וּן [Isa 49:11], etc.; Imperative masculine singular ר֫וּמָה [Psa 21:4] +; Infinitive construct רוּם [Deut 17:20]; [Ezek 10:16], כְּרֻם Psalm 12:9 [Bae conjectures כֶּרֶם], suffix רוֺמָם [10:17] (Ges § 72 q); Participle רָם [Isa 6:1] +, plural רָמִים [2:13] +, construct רָמֵי [10:33], etc, etc.; —
1. a. be high, literal rock (in figurative) [Psa 61:3] (מִן compare); be (set on) high, רָ֑מּוּ [Job 22:12] (of stars), especially participle, = adjective, in General [Isa 2:12] (+ גֵּאֶה), of mountains [2:14]; [Deut 12:2], hill [Ezek 6:13]; [20:28]; [34:6], throne [Isa 6:1], trees = tall [2:13]; [Ezek 17:22], compare (in figurative) [Isa 10:33] (הַקוֺמָה רָמֵי); human stature [Deut 1:28] (מִן compare), [2:10], [21]; [9:2]; רָמִים [Psa 78:69] heights (of heaven; || אֶרֶץ); רָמִים of inhabitants of heavens [Job 21:22].
b. especially of וְנִשָׂא רָם ׳י, [Isa 57:15], compare [Psa 138:6], + עַלכָּֿלהָֿעַמִּים [99:2], גּוֺיִם [113:4].
2 be raised, uplifted:
a. of highway [Isa 49:11] (made high, put in order); voice, [Deut 27:14] (participle = adjective) uplifted.
b. figurative: of hand, symbol of might, [Deut 32:27], + עַל person [Micah 5:8]; of Israel in Exodus רָמָה בְּיָד [Exod 14:8]; [Num 33:3] (both P); of ׳יs hand [Isa 26:11]; [Psa 89:14] (|| תָּעֹז); figurative of presumption [Num 15:30] (P); רָמָה זְרוֺעַ of might [Job 38:15]; of eyes, figurative of arrogance [Prov 6:17]; [30:13]; [Psa 131:1] (|| לִבִּי גָּבַהּ), so [18:28], but || [2Sam 22:28] of person; of heart, figurative of reckless elation, [Hosea 13:6]; [Deut 8:14]; [Ezek 31:10] (בְּגָבְהוֺ, || גָּבַהְתָּ בְּקוֺמָה) [Dan 11:12], + מִן person [Deut 17:20]; of horn, figurative of triumph [1Sam 2:1] (song), [Psa 89:25] (Psalm 18 see Hiph`il), [112:9], so head [27:6] (+ עַל person), [140:9] (join ירומו to [140:10], but read יָרִימוּ Che, compare Hup-Now).
c. of person, be exalted (in figurative), king [Num 24:7] (J E; + מִן compare; || תִּנַּשֵּׂא); of God (׳י, i.e. shew his exaltation) [Isa 30:18]; [2Sam 22:47] = [Psa 18:47]; Psalm 21:14; [46:11] (twice in verse), + עַלֿ(הַ)שָּׁמַיִם [57:6]; Psalm 57:12; [108:6]; י ׳עֶבֶד [Isa 52:13], ׳י's people [Psa 89:17]; rebellious [66:7] (Qr; Kt Hiph`il: shew exaltation); worthlessness (personified) Psalm 12:9; of city [Prov 11:11].
3 be lifted, rise, of ark, מֵעַלהֿארץ [Gen 7:17] (J), so of cherubim [Ezek 10:16], compare [10:17]; י ׳כְּבוֺד [10:4] (הַכְּרוּב מֵעַל). — [Prov 24:7] see I. רָאמוֺת b.
Po`el Perfect3feminine singular suffix רֹמְמָ֑תְהוּ [Ezek 31:4]; [1]singular רוֺמַמְתִּי [Isa 1:2]; [23:4]; Imperfect3masculine singular יְרוֺמֵם [Hosea 11:7], suffix יְרוֺמְמֵנִי [Psa 27:5], וִירוֺמִמְךָ [37:34]; [1]singular suffix וַאֲרֹמְמֶ֫נְהוּ [Exod 15:2] (Ges§ 58i), etc. (אֵרוֺמָם see
Hithpo`lel); Imperative masculine plural רוֺמְמוּ [Psa 99:5]. [99:9]; Infinitive construct לְרוֺמֵם [Ezra 9:9]; Participle מְרוֺמֵם [1Sam 2:7], suffix מְרוֺמְמִי [Psa 9:14], feminine רוֺמֵמָה [118:16] (מ omitted, Hup-Now Bae; compare Köi. 454); —
1. a. raise, rear, children [Isa 1:2]; [23:4] (both || גִּדֵּל).
b. cause tree to grow, subject תְּהוֺם [Ezek 31:4] (|| גִּדֵּל).
c. rear, erect, temple [Ezra 9:9].
2 lift up:
a. in figurative, accusative of person, subject ׳י [Psa 27:5] (+ בְּצוּר); + מִן compare [2Sam 22:49] = [Psa 18:49], + מִן from [9:14]; accusative omitted [Hosea 11:7] (si vera lectio, compare We Now).
b. raise waves of sea, subject wind, [Psa 107:25].
c. exalt, accusative of person, subject ׳י [Job 17:4] (read perhaps תְּרִמֵם, so Bu, compare Di), [Psa 37:34] (+ אָ֑רֶץ לָרֶשֶׁת); accusative omitted [1Sam 2:7]; [Psa 118:16] (in victory); subject wisdom, accusative of person [Prov 4:8], compare תְּרוֺמֵםגּֿוֺי צְדָקָה [14:34].
3 exalt, extol, accusative ׳י, [Psa 30:2], || אוֺדֶה [Isa 25:1]; [Psa 118:28], || הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ [99:5]. [99:9], || הִלֵּל [107:32], || בֵּרַךְ [145:1], || אַנְּוֵהוּ [Exod 15:2]; accusative י ׳שֵׁם [Psa 34:4] (|| גִּדֵּל).
Po`lal Imperfect3feminine plural תְּרוֺמַמְנָה Psalm 75:11 be lifted up, of horns (compare Qal 2 b); Perfect3masculine singular וְרוֺמַם [Psa 66:17] and he was extolled (so Ki and others; but see רוֺמָם below); Participle מְרוֺמַם [Neh 9:5] extolled, of ׳יs name (compare Po`lel 3), + וג ׳עַלכָּֿלבְּֿרָכָה.
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הֵרִים [1Kin 11:27] +; 2 masculine singular הֲרִימוֺתָ [2Kin 19:22]; [Psa 89:43], וַהֲרֵמֹתָ֫ [Num 31:28]; [2]masculine plural consecutive וַהֲרֵמֹתֶם [18:26], etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יָרִים [Gen 41:44] +, jussive יָרִם [Num 17:2]; [1Sam 2:10], וַיָּ֫רֶם [Exod 7:20] +, suffix וַיְרִימֶהָ [Gen 31:45], etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָרֵם [Exod 14:16]; [Isa 58:1], הָרִימָה [Psa 74:3], etc.; Infinitive construct הָרִים [Isa 10:15] +, suffix הֲרִימִי [Gen 39:18], etc.; Participle מֵרִים [Exod 35:24] +, etc.; —
1. a. (I) raise, lift, with accusative, hand [Exod 17:11] (E), [Num 20:11] (P), + ׳אֶליֿ (in both) [Gen 14:22] compare (אֶלהַֿשָּׁמַיִם) [Dan 12:7], + ב person against [1Kin 11:26-27], feet, מְּעָמִים [Psa 74:3], i.e. run (+ ל of direction); hand or foot [Gen 41:44] (E), i.e. make any movement (hyperb.); head [Psa 110:7] (Assyrian ullû rêšu DlHWB 62 a), compare יָרִימוּ [140:9] (so read, see Qal 2 b); face, ׳אֶליֿ [Ezra 9:6]; hand of another, subject ׳י, figurative of giving strength to, [Psa 89:43], so head [3:4]; with accusative of rod [Isa 10:15]; [Exod 14:16] (P), בַּמַּטֶה הֵרִים [7:20] (E); rod subject, with accusative of thing [Isa 10:15]. (2) raise poor אֶבְיוֺן, with מִן local [1Sam 2:8]; [Psa 113:7].
b. lilft up voilce [Gen 39:15], [18] (J; both + קָרָא), [Isa 40:9] (twice in verse) (accusative omitted), [58:1]; [Ezra 3:12]; + בִּתְרוּעָה [Ezek 21:27], בַּחֲצֹצְרוֺת[2Chr 5:13]; + ל person [Isa 13:2], לָעָב Job 38:84, + עָל person against [2Kin 19:22] = [Isa 37:23]; בְּקוֺל הֵרִים [1Chr 15:16].
c. (take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone [Josh 4:5] (J E; עַלשִֿׁכְמוֺ), leg (of sacrificial meal) [1Sam 9:24], mantle [2Kin 2:13], axe [6:7] (accusative omitted), yoke [Hosea 11:4] (עַללְֿחֵיהֶם), censers [Num 17:2] (P; + מִבֵּין), ashes [Lev 6:3].
d. set up, erect, stone as מַצֵּבָה [Gen 31:45] (E); standard, + אֶל of people [Isa 49:22], עַל [62:10].
e. set on high, throne, אֵל לְכוֺכְבֵי מִמַּעַל [Isa 14:13]; nest (subject נֶשֶׁר) [Job 39:27].
f. lilft up, exalt, with accusative of person, subject ׳י [1Kin 14:7]; [16:2]; [Psa 89:20] (all with מִן), [75:8] (opposed to יַשְׁמִּיל); subject קָלוֺן [Prov 3:35], compare [14:29]; with accusative קֶרֶן, in both good and bad sense (compare Qal 2 b) [1Sam 2:10]; [Lam 2:17] (לַמָּרוֺם), [Psa 89:18] (Kt; Qr
Qal), [Psa 92:11]; [148:14]; [75:5]; [75:6]; but [1Chr 25:5] sound the horn; infinitive = exaltation [Psa 75:7]; [66:7] see Qal 2 c. 2. lift up and take away, remove, with accusative הָעֲטָרָה [Ezek 21:31] (|| הֵסִיר); accusative of thing + מִן local [Isa 57:14]; [Lev 2:9]; [4:8], [19]; [6:8]; = do away with, גְּרֻשֹׁתֵיכֶם [Ezek 45:9] (מֵעַל of people), הַתָּמִיד [Dan 8:11] (Kt; Qr Hoph`al); = set apart, מֶכֶס [Num 31:28] (מִן person).
3 lift off and present, contributes offer:
a. to ׳י, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb תְּרוּמָה, [Ezek 45:13]; [48:8]; Ezekiel 4:20; [Num 15:20] (twice in verse) (P), [Exod 35:24] (P); + ׳לי [Ezek 45:1]; [48:9]; [Num 15:19]; [18:19], [24]; [31:52]; י ׳תְּרוּמַת [18:26] (+ מִן of thing), Numbers 18:82; [18:29] (all P); ׳ת ׳בֵּיתאֿ [Ezra 8:25].
b. with accusative of thing, + ׳לְי [Lev 22:15].
c. contribute, accusative of thing, ל person (for sacrifice), [2Chr 30:24] (twice in verse); [35:7-8], (accusative omitted), [35:9].
Hoph`al Perfect3masculine singular הוּרָ֑ם [Exod 29:27], הֻרַם [Dan 8:11] Qr (Kt
Hiph`il); Imperfect3masculine singular יוּרָם [Lev 4:10]; — be taken off from (מִן) [4:10] (P), compare [Exod 29:27] (P; || הוּנַף); be abolished [Dan 8:11] Qr (compare Hiph`il 2); Bev (after ᵐ5) insert Participle מוּרָם after הַתָּמִיד [8:13].
Hithpo`lel Imperfect3masculine singular עַלכָּֿלאֵֿל וְיִתְגַּדֵּל וְיִתְרוֺמֵם [Dan 11:36] and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; 1 singular (ת assimilated) אֵרוֺמָ֔ם [Isa 33:10] (Ges§ 54c Köi. 454) I will raise myself (+ אֶנָּשֵׂא אָקוּם,).
II. רמם (√ of following; compare Arabic grow rotten, decay).
[רוּם] verb rise (see Biblical Hebrew); —
Pe`al Passive participle רִם [Dan 5:20] lifted up, of heart, i.e. presumptuous.
Po`l. extol: Participle מְרוֺמֵם [Dan 4:34] (ל of deity).
Haph`el exalt: Participle מָרִים [Dan 5:19] (accusative of person).
.Hithpo`lel lift oneself up against, [Dan 5:23] (עַל of deity).