ἀνίημι, ης
(ἀνιεῖς, as if from ἀνιέω, dub. in Il. 5.880), ησι: impf. ἀνίην, Hom. and Att. 2 and 3 sg. εις, ει, Ion. 3 sg. ἀνίη SIG 1 (Abu Simbel, vi B. C., Iterat. ἀνίεσκε Hes. Th. 157; also ἠνίει Hp. Epid. 7.46; 1 sg. ἀνίειν Luc. Cat. 4: fut. ἀνήσω: pf. ἀνεῖκα: aor. 1 ἀνῆκα; Ion. ἀνέηκα.: - the Homeric forms ἀνέσει Od. 18.265, aor. opt. ἀνέσαιμι 14.209, part. ἀνέσαντες 13.657
I
1. should be referred to ἀνέζω, but ἄνεσαν Il. 21.537 is from ἀνίημι: aor. 2, 3 pl. ἀνεῖσαν Th. 5.32, imper. ἄνες A. Ch. 489, S. Ant. 1101, E. Hel. 442, subj. ἀνῇς A. Eu. 183, [Eph 3:1-21] sg. subj. ἀνήη Il. 2.34, opt. ἀνείη, inf. ἀνεῖναι, part. ἀνείς: - Pass., ἀνίεμαι: pf. ἀνεῖμαι Hdt. 2.65, A. Th. 413, 3 pl. pf. ἀνέωνται Hdt. 2.165 (v.l. ἀνέονται), inf. ἀνἑῶσθαι (sic) Tab.Heracl. 1.153: aor. part. ἀνεθείς Pl. R. 41c e: fut. ἀνεθήσομαι Th. 8.63. [ ἀνῐ- , ἀνῑ- Att.: but even Hom. has ἀνῑει, ἀνῑέμενος, and we find ἀνῐησιν in Pl.Com. 153 (anap.).]: - send up or forth, Ζεφύροιο.. ἀήτας Ὠκεανὸς ἀνίησιν Od. 4.568; of Charybdis, τρὶς μὲν γάρ τ’ ἀνίησιν.. τρὶς δ’ ἀναροιβδεῖ 12.105; ἀφρὸν ἀ. spew up, vomit, A. Eu. 183; σταγόνας [αἵματος] ἀ. S. OT 1277; of the earth, καρπὸν ἀ. make corn or fruit spring up, h.Cer. 333; κνώδαλα A. Supp. 266; also of the gods, ἀ. ἄροτον γῆς S. OT 270, etc.; so of females, produce, ib. 1405: - in Pass., σπαρτῶν ἀπ’ ἀνδρῶν ῥίζωμ’ ἀνεῖται A. Th. 413: then in various relations, συὸς χρῆμα ἀ. S. Fr. 401; κρήνην E. Ba. 766; of a forest, πῦρ καὶ φλόγα Th. 2.77; πνεῦμ’ ἀνεὶς ἐκ πνευμόνων E. Or. 277: - send up from the grave or nether world, A. Pers. 650, Ar. Ra. 1462, Phryn.Com. 1 D., Pl. Cra. 403e, etc.: - Pass., ἐκ γῆς κάτωθεν ἀνίεται ὁ πλοῦτος ibid.; of fruit, Thphr. CP 5.1.5.
2. let come up, give access to, τινά X. HG 2.4.11; εἰς τὸ πεδίον ib. 7.2.12.
II
1. let go, from Hom. downwds. a very common sense, ἐμὲ δὲ γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἀνῆκεν, i.e. left me, Il. 2.71, etc., cf. Pl. Prt. 310d: - Pass., ἀνίεσθαι wake up, D.S. 17.56; set free, ἐκ στέγης ἀ. S. Ant. 1101; let go unpunished, ἄνδρα τὴν ὀλιγαρχίαν λυμαινόμενον X. HG 2.3.51, cf. Lys. 13.93; ἄνετέ μ’ ἄνετε leave me alone, forbear, S. El. 229 (lyr.); of a state of mind, ἐμὲ δ’ οὐδ’ ὣς θυμὸν ἀνίει.. ὀδύνη Il. 15.24; ὅταν μ’ ἀνῇ νόσος μανίας E. Or. 227; ὥς μιν ὁ οἶνος ἀνῆκε Hdt. 1.213, etc.; ἀ. ἵππον to let him go (by slackening the rein), S. El. 721; ἵππους εἰς τάχος ἀ. X. Eq.Mag. 3.2; τῷ δήμῳ τὰς ἡνίας ἀ. Plu. Per. 11. loosen, unfasten, δεσμόν Od. 8.359 (v.l. δεσμῶν) ; δεσμά τ’ ἀνεῖσαι Call. Hec. 1.2.13: hence, open, πύλας ἄνεσαν Il. 21.537; ἀ. θύρετρα E. Ba. 448; ἀ. σήμαντρα break the seal, Id. IA 325: - Pass., πύλαι ἀνειμέναι D.H. 10.14.
2. ἀ. τινί let loose at one, slip at, ἀ. τὰς κύνας X. Cyn. 7.7: hence ἄφρονα τοῦτον ἀνέντες Il. 5.761, cf. 880: c. acc. et inf., Διομήδεα μαργαίνειν ἀνέηκεν ib. 882: generally, set on or urge to do a thing, c. inf., Μοῦσ’ ἄρ’ ἀοιδὸν ἀνῆκεν ἀειδέμεναι Od. 8.73, cf. 17.425, Il. 2.276, 5.422: freq. c. acc. pers. only, let loose, excite, as οὐδέ κε Τηλέμαχον.. ῷδ’ ἀνιείης Od. 2.185; μέγας δέ σε θυμὸς ἀνῆκεν Il. 7.25; τοῖσιν μὲν Θρασυμήδεα δῖον ἀνῆκεν urged Thrasymedes to their aid, 17.705: - so in Pass., ἅπας κίνδυνος ἀνεῖται σοφίας Ar. Nu. 955.
3. ἀ. τινὰ πρός τι to let go for any purpose, τὸν λεὼν.. ἀνεῖναι πρὸς ἔργα τε καὶ θυσίας Hdt. 2.129; ἐς παιγνίην ἑωυτὸν ἀ. ib. 173; τὰ μικρὰ εἰς τύχην ἀνείς E. Fr. 974 (v.l. ἀφείς) ; τὰ σώματα ἐπὶ ῥᾳδιουργίαν X. Cyr. 7.5.75; ἐὰν δ’ ἀνῇς, ὕβριστον χρῆμα κἀκόλαστον [γυνή ] if you leave her free, Pl.Com. 98.
4. let, allow, c. acc. et inf., ἀνεῖναι αὐτοὺς ὅ τι βούλονται ποιεῖν Pl. La. 179a; ἀ. τρίχας αὔξεσθαι Hdt. 2.36, cf. 4.175: with inf. omitted, ἀνεῖσα πένθει κόμαν E. Ph. 323; ἀ. στολίδος κροκόεσσαν τρυφάν ib. 1491; κόμας Plu. Lys. 1: c. dat. pers. et inf., ἀνεὶς αὐτῷ θηρᾶν having given him leave to hunt, X. Cyr. 4.6.3.
5. Med., loosen, undo, c. acc., κόλπον ἀνιεμένη baring her breast, Il. 22.80; αἶγας ἀνιέμενοι stripping or flaying goats, Od. 2.300; so ἀνεῖτο λαγόνας E. El. 826; so in Act., ἀνιέναι· δέρειν, Hsch.
6. let go free, leave untilled, of ground dedicated to a god, τέμενος ἀνῆκεν ἅπαν Th. 4.116; ἀργὸν παντάπασι τὸ χωρίον ἀνιέντες τῷ θεῷ Plu. Publ. 8; generally, τὴν χώραν ἀ. μηλόβοτον Isoc. 14.31; ἀρούρας ἀσπόρους ἀ. Thphr. HP 8.11.9; στέλεχος ἀνειμένον allowed to run wild, LXX [Gen 49:21]: - but this sense mostly in Pass., devote oneself, give oneself up, ἐς τὸ ἐλεύθερον Hdt. 7.103; esp. of animals dedicated to a god, which are let range at large (cf. ἄνετος), ἀνεῖται τὰ θηρία Id. 2.65; of a person devoted to the gods, νῦν δ’ οὗτος ἀνεῖται στυγερῷ δαίμονι S. Aj. 1214; of places, etc., θεοῖσιν ἀ. δένδρεα Call. Cer. 47; ἄλσος ἀνειμένον a consecrated grove, cj. in Pl. Lg. 761c; of land, ἀ. εἰς νομάς PTeb. 60.8, 72.36 (ii B.C.): hence metaph., ἀνειμένος εἴς τι devoted to a thing, wholly engaged in it, e.g. ἐς τὸν πόλεμον Hdt. 2.167; ἀνέωνται ἐς τὸ μάχιμον they are given up to military service, ib. 165; ἐς τὸ κέρδος λῆμ’ ἀνειμένον given up to.., E. Heracl. 3: hence pf. part. Pass. ἀνειμένος as Adj., going free, left to one’s own will and pleasure, at large, S. Ant. 579, El. 516; ἀ. τι χρῆμα πρεσβυτῶν γένος καὶ δυσφύλακτον E. Andr. 727; πέπλοι ἀνειμένοι let hang loose, ib. 598; τὸ εἰς ἀδικίαν καὶ πλεονεξίαν -μένον unrestrained propensity to.., Plu. [Num 16:1-50]; σώματα πρὸς πᾶσαν ἐπιθυμίαν ἀνειμένα Id. Lyc. 10.
7. slacken, relax, opp. ἐπιτείνω or ἐντείνω, of a bow or stringed instrument, unstring, as Hdt. 3.22, cf. Pl. R. 442a, Ly. 209b, X. Mem. 3.10.7, etc.; esp. of musical scales, ἁρμονίαι ἀνειμέναι, opp. σύντονοι, Arist. Pol. 1342b22, al.; ἀνειμένα Ἰαστὶ μοῦσα Pratin.Lyr. 5: metaph., ὀργῆς ὀλίγον τὸν κόλλοπ’ ἀ. Ar. V. 574, cf. Pherecr. 145.4, Pl. R. 410e; πολιτεῖαι ἀνειμέναι καὶ μαλακαί Arist. Pol. 1290a28; τοῖς γηράσκουσι ἀνίεται ἡ συντονία GA 787b13; ἀνειμένη τάσις the grave accent, Sch.D.T. p.130H.; οἱ πάγοι τὰς φλόγας ἀ. temper, Arist. Mu. 397b2: hence, remit, neglect, give up, στέρνων ἀραγμούς S. OC 1608; φυλακὰς ἀνῆκα E. Supp. 1042; φυλακήν, ἄσκησιν, etc., Th. 4.27, X. Cyr. 7.5.70, etc.; ἀ. θάνατόν τινι to remit sentence of death to one, let one live, E. Andr. 531; ἔχθρας, κολάσεις τισί Plu. 2.536a; ἀ. τὰ χρέα, τὰς καταδίκας, Id. Sol. 15, D.C. 64.8, cf. 72.2; ἄνες λόγον speak more mildly, E. Hel. 442; so ἀ. τινὸς ἔχθραν Th. 3.10; ἀ. ἀρχήν, πόλεμον, etc., Id. 1.76, 7.18, etc.: - Pass., to be treated remissly, ἀνεθήσεται τὰ πράγματα Id. 8.63; ὁ νόμος ἀνεῖται has become effete, powerless, E. Or. 941: freq. in pf. part. ἀνειμένος as an Adj., ἐν τῷ ἀνειμένῳ τῆς γνώμης when their minds are not strung up for action, Th. 5.9; ἀνειμένῃ τῇ διαίτῃ relaxed, unconstrained, of the Athenians, Id. 1.6; δίαιτα λίαν ἀ., of the Ephors, Arist. Pol. 1270b32; ἀ. ἡδοναί dissolute, Pl. R. 573a; ἄνανδρος καὶ λίαν ἀ. ib. 549d; ἀ. χείλεα parched, Theoc. 22.63; of climate, ἀ. καὶ μαλακός Thphr. CP 5.4.4; ὀσμὴ μαλακὴ καὶ ἀ. 5.7.1: Comp. ἀνειμενώτερος Iamb. VP 15.67: - but,
8. the sense of relaxation occurs also as an intr. usage of the Act., slacken, abate, of the wind, ἐπειδὰν πνεῦμ’ ἀνῇ S. Ph. 639, cf. Hdt. 2.113, 4.152; ἕως ἀνῇ τὸ πῆμα S. Ph. 764, cf. Hdt. 1.94; ἐμφῦσα οὐκ ἀνίει, of a viper, having fastened on him she does not let go, Id. 3.109: esp. in phrase οὐδὲν ἀνιέναι not to give way at all, X. HG 2.3.46, cf. Cyr. 1.4.22; τὰς τιμὰς ἀνεικέναι ἤκουον that prices had fallen, D. 56.25, cf. Arist. Rh. 1390a15; σιδήρια ἀ. ἐν τοῖς μαλακοῖς lose their edge, Thphr. HP 5.5.1. c. part., give up or cease doing, ὕων οὐκ ἀνίει [ὁ θεός ] Hdt. 4.28, cf. 125, 2.121. β, E. IT 318, etc. c. gen., cease from a thing, μωρίας Id. Med. 457; τῆς ὀργῆς Ar. Ra. 700, D. 21.186; φιλονικίας Th. 5.32; ἀνῆκε τοῦ ἐξελθεῖν forbore to come forth, LXX [1Sa 23:13].
9. dilute, dissolve, διά τινος or τινί, Gal. 13.520, al., Gp. 4.7.3, cf. Arr. An. 7.20.5 (Phryn. 19 says that διΐημι is more correct in this sense); διυγραινομένων καὶ ἀνιεμένων Thphr. Vent. 58.