ἀποθνήσκω,

fut. -θᾰνοῦμαι, Ion. -θανέομαι or -εῦμαι Hdt. 3.143, 7.134: - strengthd. for θνῄσκω,

I die, Hom. (v. infr.), Pi. O. 1.27, and once in Trag. (E. Fr. 578.6); in Com. and Prose the usual form of the pres.; σεῦ ἀποτεθνηῶτος Il. 22.432; ἀποθνῄσκων περὶ φασγάνῳ Od. 11.424; βόες δ’ ἀποτέθνασαν ἤδη 12.393; ἐκ τῶν τρωμάτων Hdt. 2.63; ὑπὸ λιμοῦ Th. 1.126: c. dat., βρόμῳ κεραυνοῦ Pi.l.c.; νόσῳ Th. 8.84: c. acc. cogn., θάνατον ἀ. X. Mem. 4.8.3, etc.; εἰς ἕτερον ζῆν ἀ. Pl. Ax. 365d; to be ready to die, of laughter, etc., Ar. Ach. 15; ἀ. τῷ δέει Arist. MM 1191a35.

II serving as Pass. of ἀποκτείνω, to be put to death, slain, ὑπό τινος Hdt. 1.137, 7.154; esp. by judicial sentence, ἀποθανεῖν ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως Lycurg. 93, cf. Pl. Ap. 29d, 32d,al., Arist. Rh. 1397a30 (v.l.).

III renounce, νόμῳ Gal 2:19; ἀπό τινος Col 2:20.

ἀποθνῄσκω apothnēskō 111x

    to die, Mat 8:32; to decay, rot, as seeds, Joh 12:24; 1Co 15:36; to wither, become dry, as a tree, Jud 1:12; met. to die the death of final condemnation and misery, Joh 6:50; Joh 8:21; Joh 8:24; to die to a thing by renunciation or utter separation, Rom 6:2; 1Co 15:31; Gal 2:19; Col 3:3 die.

G599 — ἀποθνῄσκω

imperfect ἀπέθνῃσκον (Luk 8:42); 2 aorist ἀπέθανον; future ἀποθανοῦμαι, Rom 5:7; Joh 8:21, Joh 8:24 (see θνῄσκω); found in Greek writings from Homer down; to die (ἀπό, so as to be no more; (cf. Latinemorior; English die off or out, pass away); German absterben,versterben);

I. used properly

1. of the natural death of men: Mat 9:24; Mat 22:24; Luk 16:22; Joh 4:47; Rom 7:2, and very often; ἀποθνῄσκοντες ἀποθνῄσκοντες subject to death, mortal, Heb 7:8 (Buttmann, 206 (178)).

2. of the violent death — both of animals, Mat 8:32, and of men, Mat 26:35; Act 21:13 etc.; 1Pe 3:18 L T Tr WH text; ἐν φόνῳ μαχαίρας, Heb 11:37; of the punishment of death, Heb 10:28; often of the violent death which Christ suffered, as Joh 12:33; Rom 5:6, etc.

3. Phrases: ἀποθνῄσκειν ἐκ τίνος, to perish by means of something, (cf. English to die of), Rev 8:11; ἐν τῇ ἁμαρτία, ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις, fixed in sin, hence, to die unreformed, Joh 8:21, Joh 8:24; ἐν τῷ Ἀδάμ by connection with Adam, 1Co 15:22; ἐν κυρίῳ in fellowship with, and trusting in, the Lord, Rev 14:13; ἀποθνῄσκειν τί, to die a certain death, Rom 6:10 (θάνατον μακρόν, Chariton, p. 12, D'Orville edition (l. i. c. 8, p. 17, 6, Beck edition; cf. Winers Grammar, 227 (213); Buttmann, 149 (130))); τῇ ἁμαρτία, used of Christ, 'that he might not have to busy himself more with the sin of men,' Rom 6:10; ἑαυτῷ to become one's own master, independent, by dying, Rom 14:7 (cf. Meyer); τῷ κυρίῳ to become subject to the Lord's will by dying, Rom 14:8 (cf. Meyer); διά τινα i. e. to save one, 1Co 8:11; on the phrases ἀποθνῄσκειν περί and ὑπέρ τίνος, see περί, the passage cited δ. and ὑπέρ I. 2 and 3. Oratorically, although the proper signification of the verb is retained, καθ' ἡμέραν ἀποθνῄσκω I meet death daily, live daily in danger of death, 1Co 15:31, cf. 2Co 6:9.

4. of trees which dry up, Jude 1:12; of seeds, which while being resolved into their elements in the ground seem to perish by rotting, Joh 12:24; 1Co 15:36.

II. tropically, in various senses;

1. of eternal death, as it is called, i. e. to be subject to eternal misery, and that, too, already beginning on earth: Rom 8:13; Joh 6:50; Joh 11:26.

2. of moral death, in various senses;

a. to be deprived of real life, i. e. especially of the power of doing right, of confidence in God and the hope of future blessedness, Rom 7:10; of the spiritual torpor of those who have fallen from the fellowship of Christ, the fountain of true life, Rev 3:2.

b. with the dative of the thing (cf. Winers Grammar, 210 (197); 428 (398); Buttmann, 178 (155)), to become wholly alienated from a thing, and freed from all connection with it: τῷ νόμῳ, Gal 2:19, which must also be supplied with ἀποθανόντες (for so we must read for Rec.elz ἀποθανόντος) in Rom 7:6 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 159 (150)); τῇ ἁμαρτία, Rom 6:2 (in another sense in Rom 6:10; see I. 3 above); ἀπό τῶν στοιχείων τοῦ κόσμου so that your relation to etc. has passed away, Col 2:20 (ἀπό τῶν παθῶν, Porphyry, de abst. animal. 1, 41 (cf. Buttmann, 322 (277); Winer's Grammar, 370 (347))); true Christians are said simply ἀποθανεῖν, as having put off all sensibility to worldly things that draw them away from God, Col 3:3; since they owe this habit of mind to the death of Christ, they are said also ἀποθανεῖν σύν Χριστῷ, Rom 6:8; Col 2:20. (Compare: συναποθνῄσκω.)

ἀπο - θνήσκω ,

[in LXX chiefly for H4191;]

to die: of natural death, Mar 5:35, al. ; of violent death ( pass . of ἀποκτείνω ), esp . of Christ, Mat 26:35, Joh 12:33, Heb 10:28, al. ; of spiritual death, Joh 6:50, Rom 8:13, al. ; c . dat . ref., Rom 6:2; Rom 6:10; Rom 14:7-8, Gal 2:19; acc , ὅ , Rom 6:10; seq . ἐν , Mat 8:32, Joh 8:21; Joh 8:24, 1Co 15:22, Heb 11:37, Rev 14:13; seq . ὑπέρ , περί , Joh 11:50-51; Joh 18:14, Rom 5:6-8; Rom 14:15, 1Co 15:3, 2Co 5:15 , 1Th 5:10, 1Pe 3:18; ἀπὸ , Col 2:20; ἐκ , Rev 8:11; fig ., 1Co 15:31 ( cf. συν - αποθνήσκω , and v. Milligan , NTD , 258 f .; DCG, i, 791b; Cremer , 286; MM , s.v. ; on the perfective force of this verb, M , Pr., 112, 114; and on the distinction bet. pres. and aor. , ib. 113 f .).

詞類次數：動詞（111）

原文字根：從-死 相當於：H4191（מוּת‎）

字義溯源：死去，處死，冒死，已經死了，快要死了，衰亡，放棄，死；由（G575（ἀπό / ἀπαρτί / ἀποπέμπω）*=從，出，離）與（G2348（θνῄσκω）*=死）組成。比較：G2288（θάνατος / ἀθάνατος）=死亡；G2348（θνῄσκω）=死。當人的魂離開他的身體時，就是人自然的死。這字也說到動物的死（太8:32），植物的死（猶1:12）；並隱喻信徒‘己’的死（約12:24），信徒的靈向律法死（加2:19），向罪死（羅6:2），還有與基督同死（加2:20；西2:20）

同源字：1）G599（ἀποθνῄσκω）死去 2）G2289（θανατόω）治死。

同義字：1）G599（ἀποθνῄσκω）死去 2）G2348（θνῄσκω）死 3）G5053（τελευτάω）命終

出現次數：總共（112）；太（5）；可（8）；路（11）；約（27）；徒（4）；羅（23）；林前（7）；林後（5）；加（2）；腓（1）；西（2）；帖前（2）；來（7）；彼前（1）；猶（1）；啓（6）

譯字彙編：

1）死了（37）太9:24；太22:24；太22:27；可5:35；可5:39；可12:19；可12:20；可12:21；可12:22；路16:22；路20:28；路20:29；路20:32；約4:47；約6:58；約8:52；約8:53；約8:53；約11:14；約11:25；約12:24；約12:24；徒7:4；徒9:37；羅7:2；羅7:3；羅7:9；羅14:9；林前15:3；林後5:14；加2:21；腓1:21；來11:4；猶1:12；啓8:9；啓8:11；啓16:3；

2）死（33）太26:35；路16:22；路20:36；約4:49；約6:50；約11:26；約11:32；約11:37；約11:50；約11:51；約18:14；約21:23；徒21:13；徒25:11；羅5:6；羅5:7；羅5:7；羅5:8；羅6:9；羅6:10；羅8:13；羅14:7；羅14:8；羅14:8；林前8:11；林前9:15；林前15:36；林後5:15；加2:19；帖前4:14；帖前5:10；來9:27；啓9:6；

3）而死（4）約12:33；約18:32；來10:28；來11:37；

4）就死了（3）路20:30；路20:31；林後5:14；

5）都死了（2）羅5:15；林前15:22；

6）他⋯死了（2）可15:44；林後5:15；

7）是死了（2）可9:26；約6:49；

8）死的（2）約19:7；來11:13；

9）你們要死（2）約8:21；約8:24；

10）你們⋯死（1）西2:20；

11）她⋯死了（1）路8:52；

12）死去的（1）啓14:13；

13）他⋯死（1）約21:23；

14）衰亡（1）啓3:2；

15）受死（1）彼前3:18；

16）我們⋯死（1）羅6:8；

17）我們⋯死了（1）羅14:8；

18）臨死時（1）來11:21；

19）我⋯在死（1）林前15:31；

20）我們既⋯死了（1）羅7:6；

21）已經⋯死了（1）羅14:15；

22）已經死了（1）羅8:34；

23）死罷（1）約11:16；

24）死於（1）羅6:2；

25）必要死（1）約8:24；

26）她已經死了（1）路8:53；

27）快要死了（1）路8:42；

28）已死的人（1）羅6:7；

29）他死（1）羅6:10；

30）你們已經死了（1）西3:3；

31）將死的（1）林後6:9；

32）我們要死了（1）林前15:32；

33）淹死（1）太8:32；

34）必死的（1）來7:8