ἀποκριìνομαι
From G575 and κρινω krino
κρίνω [ῑ], [Eph 3:1-21] sg. ind. κρίνησι (δια -) f.l. in Theoc. 25.46: fut. κρῐνῶ, , Ion. κρῐνέω (δια -) Il. 2.387: aor. ἔκρῑνα Od. 18.264, etc.: pf. κέκρῐκα Pl. Lg. 734c, etc.: - Med., fut. κρῐνοῦμαι E. Med. 609, but in pass. sense, Pl. Grg. 521e: aor. ἐκρῑνάμην Il. 9.521, etc.: - Pass., fut. κρῐθήσομαι A. Eu. 677, Antipho 6.37, etc.: aor. ἐκρίθην [ῐ ] Pi. N. 7.7, etc.; 3 pl. κρίθεν Id. P. 4.168, ἔκριθεν A.R. 4.1462; opt. κρινθεῖτε (δια -) Il. 3.102, part. κρινθείς 13.129, Od. 8.48, inf. κρινθήμεναι A.R. 2.148: pf. κέκρῐμαι Pi. O. 2.30, And. 4.35, etc.; inf. κεκρίσθαι (ἀπο -) Pl. Men. 75c: - Aeol. κρίννω dub.in IG 12(2).278 (Mytil.): aor. ἔκριννε ib. 6.28(Mytil., ἐπ-); inf. κρίνναι ib.526b15: - Thess. pres. inf. κρεννέμεν ib.9(2).517.14 (Larissa): -
I separate, put asunder, distinguish, ὅτε τε ξανθὴ Δημήτηρ κρίνῃ.. καρπόν τε καὶ ἄχνας Il. 5.501, etc.; κρῖν’ ἄνδρας κατὰ φῦλα 2.362. cf. 446; ἥλιος ἠὼ καὶ δύσιν ἔκρινεν Emp. 154.1; κ. τὸ ἀληθές τε καὶ μή Pl. Tht. 150b; τούς τε ἀγαθοὺς καὶ τοὺς κακούς X. Mem. 3.1.9, etc.: - also Med., ἀντία δ’ ἐκρίναντο δέμας καὶ σήματ’ ἔθεντο χωρὶς ἀπ’ ἀλλήλων Parm. 8.55: - Pass., κρινόμενον πῦρ Emp. 62.2.
II pick out, choose, ἐν δ’ ἐρέτας ἔκρινεν ἐείκοσιν Il. 1.309; ἐκ Λυκίης.. φῶτας ἀρίστους 6.188, cf. Od. 4.666, 9.90, 195, 14.217, etc.; κ. τινὰ ἐκ πάντων Hdt. 6.129; κρίνασα δ’ ἀστῶν.. τὰ βέλτατα A. Eu. 487; δίδωμί σοι κρίναντι χρῆσθαι S. OC 641, etc.: - Med., κρίνασθαι ἀρίστους to choose the best, Il. 9.521, cf. 19.193, Od. 4.408, 530, etc.: -
1. Pass., to be chosen out, distinguished, ἵνα τε κρίνονται ἄριστοι 24.507; esp.in partt., κεκριμένος picked out, chosen, Il. 10.417, Od. 13.182, al., Hdt. 3.31; κρινθείς Il. 13.129, Od. 8.48; ἀρετᾷ κριθείς distinguished for.., Pi. N. 7.7; κριθέντων ἐν τοῖς ἱερέοις approved.., GDI 2049.15 (Delph.); ἀσπίδα.. κεκριμένην ὕδατι καὶ πολέμῳ proved by sea and land, AP 9.42 (Leon.); ἐν ζῶσι κεκριμένα numbered among.., cj. in E. Supp. 969 (lyr.); εἰς τοὺς ἐφήβους κριθείς Luc. [Amo 2:1-16].
2. decide disputes, κρίνων νείκεα πολλά Od. 12.440; ἔκριναν μέγα νεῖκος.. πολέμοιο 18.264: c.acc. cogn., οἳ.. σκολιὰς κρίνωσι θέμιστας judge crooked judgements, Il. 16.387; κ. δίκας Hdt. 2.129; κρῖνε δ’ εὐθεῖαν δίκην A. Eu. 433, etc.; πρώτας δίκας κρίνοντες αἵματος ib. 682; κρινεῖ δὲ δὴ τίς ταῦτα; Ar. Ra. 805; κ. κρίσιν Pl. R. 36o e; ἄριστα κ. Th. 6.39; κρίνουσι βοῇ καὶ οὐ ψήφῳ they decide the question.., Id. 1.87; μίσει πλέον ἢ δίκῃ κ. Id. 3.67; τὸ δίκαιον κ. Isoc. 14.10; τῷ τοῦτο κρίνεις; by what do you form this judgement ? Ar. Pl. 48; κ. περί τινος Pi. N. 5.40, Pl. Ap. 35d, Arist. Rh. 1391b9, etc.: - Pass., ἀγὼν κριθήσεται A. Eu. 677; κἂν ἰσόψηφος κριθῇ (sc. ἡ δίκη) ib. 741: impers., κριθησόμενον a decision being about to be taken, Arr. An. 3.9.6. decide a contest, e.g. for a prize, ἀγῶνα κ. Ar. Ra. 873; ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ A. Th. 414: c. acc. pers., κ. τὰς θεάς decide their contest, i.e. judge them, E. IA 72: - Pass., Id. Supp. 601 (lyr.); αἱ μάχαι κρίνονται ταῖς ψυχαῖς X. Cyr. 3.3.19: - Med. and Pass., of persons, have a contest decided, come to issue, κρινώμεθ’ Ἄρηϊ Il. 2.385, cf. 18.209; ὁπότε μνηστῆρσι καὶ ἡμῖν.. μένος κρίνηται Ἄρηος Od. 16.269; βίηφι κ. Hes. Th. 882; dispute, contend, Ar. Nu. 66; περὶ ἀρετῆς Hdt. 3.120; οὐ κρινοῦμαι.. σοι τὰ πλείονα E. Med. 609; δίκῃ περί τινος κρίνεσθαι Th. 4.122; κρίνεσθαι μετά τινος v.l. in LXX Jd. 8.1, [Job 9:3]; πολλαῖς μάχαις κριθείς Nic.Dam. 20 J.; compete in games, c. acc. cogn., κριθέντα Πύθια JRS 3.295 (Antioch. Pisid.): pf. part., decided, clear, strong, κεκριμένος οὖρος Il. 14.19; πόνοι κεκρ. decided, ended, Pi. N. 4.1. win a battle, τὴν μάχην Ἀννίβας ἔκρινε Plb. 3.117.11.
3. adjudge, κράτος τινί S. Aj. 443: - Pass., τοῖς οὔτε νόστος.. κρίθη Pi. P. 8.84; τὰ κριθησόμενα the sum adjudged to be paid, PLips. 38.13 (iv A. D.). abs., judge, give judgement, ἄκουσον.. καὶ κρῖνον Ar. Fr. 473; ἀδίκως κ. Pherecr. 96, cf. Men. Mon. 287, 576. Medic., bring to a crisis, τὸ θερμὸν φίλιόν [ἐστι] καὶ κρῖνον Hp. Aph. 5.22; κ. τὰ νοσήματα Gal. Nat. Fac. 1.13, al.: - Pass., of a sick person, come to a crisis, ἐκρίθη εἰκοσταῖος Hp. Epid. 1.15 (also impers. in Act., ἔκρινε τούτοισιν ἑνδεκαταίοισιν the crisis came.., ib. 18); τοῦ πάθους κριθέντος D.S. 19.24.
4. judge of, estimate, πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν κρίνων [αὐτόν ] judging of him by myself, D. 21.154; πρὸς ἀργύριον τὴν εὐδαιμονίαν κ. Isoc. 4.76: - Pass., ἴσον παρ’ ἐμοὶ κέκριται Hdt. 7.16. α’; εὔνοιακαιρῷ κρίνεται Men. 691.
5. expound, interpret in a particular way, τὸ ἐνύπνιον ταύτῃ ἔκριναν Hdt. 1.120, cf. 7.19, A. Pr. 485, etc.: - in Med., ὁ γέρων ἐκρίνατ’ ὀνείρους Il. 5.150.
6. c. acc. et inf., decide or judge that.., Hdt. 1.30, 214, Pl. Tht. 17o d, etc.; κρίνω σὲ νικᾶν A. Ch. 903; so, with the inf. omitted, ἀνδρῶν πρῶτον κ. τινά S. OT 34; Ἔρωτα δ’ ὅστις μὴ θεὸν κρίνει μέγαν E. Fr. 269; τὴν πόλιν ἀθλιωτάτην ἔκρινας Pl. R. 578b; ἐκ τῶν λόγων μὴ κρῖνε.. σοφόν Philem. 228: - Pass., Ἑλλήνων ἕνα κριθέντ’ ἄριστον S. Ph. 1345, cf. Th. 2.40, etc.
7. decide in favour of, prefer, choose, κρίνω δ’ ἄφθονον ὄλβον A. Ag. 47 [*], cf. Supp. 396 (both lyr.); τὴν ἐλπίδα τῆς τύχης πάρος S. Tr. 724; τινὰ πρό τινος Pl. R. 399e, cf. Phlb. 57e; τι πρός τι Id. Phd. 110a (Pass.); εἴ σφε κρίνειεν Πάρις E. Tr. 928, cf. Ar. Av. 1103, Ec. 1155; choose between, δύ’ ἔσθ’ ἃ κρῖναι τὸν γαμεῖν μέλλοντα δεῖ, ἤτοι προσηνῆ γ’ ὄψιν ἢ χρηστὸν τρόπον Men. 584.
8. c. inf. only, determine to do a thing, UPZ 42.37 (ii B. C.), [Tit 3:12]; [1Co 2:2], etc.; ζῆν μεθ’ ὧν κρίνῃ τις ἄν (sc. ζῆν) with whom he chooses to live, Men. 506; but τὸ βιάζεσθαι οὐκ ἔκρινε D.S. 15.32.
9. form a judgement of a thing, μὴ κρῖν’ ὁρῶν τὸ κάλλος Men. Mon. 333.
III
1. in Trag., question, αὐτὸν.. ἅπας λεὼς κρίνει παραστάς S. Tr. 195; εἴ νιν πρὸς βίαν κρίνειν θέλοις ib. 388; καὶ κρῖνε κἀξέλεγχ ’ Id. Ant. 399; μὴ κρῖνε, μὴ ’ξέταζε Id. Aj. 586; σέ τοι, σὲ κρίνω Id. El. 1445.
2. bring to trial, accuse, D. 2.29, 18.15, 19.233; κ. θανάτου judge (in matters) of life and death, X. Cyr. 1.2.14; κ. τινὰ προδοσίας Lycurg. 113; περὶ προδοσίας Isoc. 15.129; κ. τινὰ κακώσεως ἐπαρχίας, Lat. repetundarum, Plu. Caes. 4: - Pass., to be brought to trial, Th. 6.29; θανάτου (δίκῃ add. cod. B) Id. 3.57; Λεωκράτους τοῦ κρινομένου Lycurg. 1; κρίνομαι πρὸς Σωφρόνην; Men. Epit. 529; τρὶς κρίνεται παρ’ ὑμῖν περὶ θανάτου D. 4.47; ἐκρίνετο τὴν περὶ Ὠρωποῦ κρίσιν θανάτου Id. 21.64: c. gen. criminis, κρίνεσθαι δώρων Lys. 27.3: κ. ἐπ’ ἀδικήματι Plu. 2.241e: abs., ὁ κεκριμένος Aeschin. 2.159.
3. pass sentence upon, condemn, D. 19.232: - Pass., to be judged, condemned, κακούργου.. ἐστι κριθέντ’ ἀποθανεῖν Id. 4.47; μὴ κρίνετε, ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε [Mat 7:1]; τὰ κεκριμένα the judgement of a court, PRyl. 76.8 (ii A. D.). (κρῐ-ν - y ω ἐ-κρῐ-ν-σα, cf. Lat. cerno (from * cr[icaron]-n-), crîbrum (from * crei-dhrom).)
G611 — ἀποκρίνω
: (passive, 1 aorist ἀπεκρίθην; 1 future ἀποκριθήσομαι); i. to part, separate; passive to be parted, separated (1 aorist ἀπεκρίθην was separated, Homer, Iliad 5:12; Thucydides 2, 49; (4, 72); Theoph. de caus. plant. 6, 14, 10; (other examples in Veitch, under the word)). ii. to give sentence against one, decide that he has lost; hence, middle (present ἀποκρίνομαι; 1 aorist 3 person singular ἀπεκρίνατο); (to give forth a decision from myself (Winers Grammar, 253 (238))), to give answer, to reply; so from Thucydides down (and even in Herodotus 5, 49 (Gaisf.); 8, 101 (Gaisf., Bekker), who generally uses ὑποκρίνομαι). But the earlier and more elegant Greek writings do not give this sense to the passive tenses ἀπεκρίθην, ἀποκριθήσομαι. "The example adduced from Plato, Alcib. Secund., p. 149 b. (cf. Stallb., p. 388) is justly discredited by Sturz, De dial. Alex., p. 148, since it is without parallel, the author of the dialogue is uncertain, and, moreover, the common form is sometimes introduced by copyists." Lobeck ad Phryn., p. 108; (cf. Rutherford, New Phryn., p. 186f; Veitch, under the word; Winers Grammar, 23 (22)). But from Polybius down ἀποκριθῆναι and ἀποκρίνασθαι are used indiscriminately, and in the Bible the passive forms are by far the more common. In the N. T. the aorist middle ἀπεκρίνατο is found only in [Mat 27:12]; [Mar 14:61]; [Luk 3:16]; [Luk 23:9]; [Joh 5:17], [Joh 5:19]; [Joh 12:23] (R G L Tr marginal reading); [Act 3:12]; in the great majority of places ἀπεκρίθη is used; cf. Winers Grammar, § 39, 2; (Buttmann, 51 (44)).
1. to give an answer to a question proposed, to answer;
a. simply: καλῶς, [Mar 12:28]; νουνεχῶς, 34; ὀρθῶς, [Luk 10:28]; πρός τί, [Mat 27:14].
b. with the accusative: λόγον, [Mat 22:46]; οὐδέν, [Mat 27:12]; [Mar 14:61]; [Mar 15:4]f.
c. with the dative etc.: ἑνί ἑκάστῳ, [Col 4:6]; together with the words which the answerer uses, [Joh 5:7], [Joh 5:11]; [Joh 6:7], [Joh 6:68], etc.; the dative omitted: [Joh 7:46]; [Joh 8:19], [Joh 8:49], etc. πρός τινα, [Act 25:16]. joined with φάναι, or λέγειν, or εἰπεῖν, in the form of a participle, as ἀποκριθείς εἶπε or ἔφη or λέγει: [Mat 4:4]; [Mat 8:8]; [Mat 15:13]; [Luk 9:19]; [Luk 13:2]; [Mar 10:3], etc.; or ἀπεκρίθη λέγων: [Mat 25:9], [Mat 25:37], [Mat 25:44]; [Luk 4:4] (R G L); (R G Tr marginal reading brackets); [Joh 1:26]; [Joh 10:33] (Rec.); . But John far more frequently says ἀπεκρίθη καί εἶπε: [Joh 1:48] (); [Joh 2:19]; [Joh 4:13]; [Joh 7:16],20> (R G), , etc.
d. followed by the infinitive: [Luk 20:7]; followed by the accusative with infinitive: [Act 25:4]; followed by ὅτι: [Act 25:16].
2. In imitation of the Hebrew עָנָה (Gesenius, Thesaurus ii., p. 1047) to begin to speak, but always where something has preceded (either said or done) to which the remarks refer (Winer's Grammar, 19): [Mat 11:25]; [Mat 12:38]; [Mat 15:15]; [Mat 17:4]; [Mat 22:1]; [Mat 28:5]; [Mar 9:5] ( T Tr WH); [Mar 10:24]; [Mar 11:14]; ; [Luk 14:3]; [Joh 2:18]; [Joh 5:17]; [Act 3:12]; [Rev 7:13]. (the Sept. ([Deu 26:5]); [Isa 14:10]; [Zec 1:10]; [Zec 3:4], etc.; 1 Macc. 2:17 1 Macc. 8:19; 2 Macc. 15:14.) (Compare: ἀνταποκρίνομαι.)
ἀπό - κρίνω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H6030;]
in cl .,
1. to separate, dis-tinguish.
2. to choose. Mid ., to answer: [Mat 27:12], [Mar 14:61], [Luk 3:16]; [Luk 23:9], [Joh 5:17]; [Joh 5:19], [Act 3:12]. In late Gk . the pass . also is used in this sense, and pass . forms are the more freq . in NT ( M , Pr., 39, 161; MM , s.v. );
(a) in general sense: absol. , [Mar 12:34]; c . acc rei , [Mat 22:46]; c. dat. pers ., [Mat 12:38]; seq . πρός , [Act 25:16];
(b) Hebraistically
(i) like H6030, to begin to speak, take up the conversation (Kennedy, Sources, 124 f .): [Mat 11:25], a[1].,
(ii) redundant, as in the Heb . phrase H559 H6030 ( Dalman, Words , 24 f ., 38; M , [Pro 14:1-35]; B1., § 58, 4; 74, 2; Cremer , 374): ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπε , [Mat 4:4]; ἔφη [Mat 8:8]; λέγει [Mar 3:33]; in John most freq . ἀπεκ . κ . εἶπε , [Joh 1:49]