οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο,

gen. τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου, etc.: the dual fem. never in Att., v. ὁ, ἡ, τό, init.: -

demonstr. Pron., this, common from Hom. downwds.

ORIGIN and FORMS: οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο prob. arose from a reduplication of the demonstr. ὁ, ἡ, τό with insertion of -υ- (= Skt. Particle u), e.g. ταῦτα fr. τα-υ-τα: Dor. gen. sg. fem. τούτας Philol. 11; nom. pl. τοῦτοι, ταῦται A.D. Synt. 111.23: the former occurs Sophr. 24, GDI 3045 B 6 (Selinus), SIG 339.16 (Rhodes, iii B. C.), etc., the latter is dub. in Sophr. 97, certain in SIG 241 B 117 (Delph., iv B. C.): in Boeot. all forms begin with οὑτ-, as gen. sg. neut. οὕτω Supp.Epigr. 3.359.11 (iii B. C.); acc. sg. fem. οὕταν Corinn. Supp. 2.80; acc. pl. neut. οὗτα SIG 1185.20 (Tanagra, iii B. C.), etc.: gen. pl. fem. Att. τούτων, Cret. ταυτᾶν Leg.Gort. 5.19; neut. ταύτων Michel 1334.10 (Elis, iv B. C.). - In Ion. sts. written ταότην, ταο̄τα, SIG 283.19 (Chios, iv B. C.), 46.7 (Halic., v B. C.), al. - In Att. οὗτος was freq. strengthd. by the demonstr. -ί, οὑτοσί, αὑτηί, τουτί, gen. τουτουί, dat. τουτῳί, acc. τουτονί; pl. nom. οὑτοιί, neut. ταυτί, etc., this man here: sts. a Particle is inserted between the Pron. and -ί, as αὑτηγί for αὑτηί γε, Ar. Ach. 784; τουτογί for τουτί γε, Id. V. 781, Av. 894, al.; ταυταγί for ταυτί γε, Id. Eq. 492, Pax 1057, al.; τουτοδί for τουτὶ δέ, Id. Pl. 227; τουτουμενί for τουτουὶ μέν, Id. Ra. 965. - In codd. the ν ἐφελκυστικόν is sts. added in the forms οὑτοσίν, οὑτωσίν, and οὑτοσίν is said to be Att. by A.D. Pron. 59.24, 82.11. [This ι is always long, and a long vowel or diphthong before it becomes short, as αὑτη ί, τουτω ί, οὑτοῐί, Ar. Nu. 201, Pl. 44, Ach. 40, etc.]

USAGE in regard to CONCOR D. οὗτος is freq. used as a Pron. Subst.:

1. hence neut. is folld. by gen., κατὰ τοῦτο τῆς ἀκροπόλιος Hdt. 1.84; εἰς τοῦθ’ ὕβρεως ἐλήλυθεν D. 4.37; εἰς τοῦθ’ ἥκεις μανίας Id. 36.48; ταῦτα τῶν μαθημάτων Pl. Euthd. 278b: but quite as freq. as Adj., in which case its Subst. commonly takes the Art., οὗτος ὁ ἀνήρ or ὁ ἀνὴρ οὗτος. - But the Art. is absent, 1 always in Poets (exc. Od. 18.114), οὗτος ἀνήρ Il. 14.471, Od. 1.406, etc.: sts. also in Trag., A. Pers. 122 (lyr.), 495, S. Ph. 406, OC 471, 1177: once in an Inscr., τοπεῖα: τούτων τὰ ἡμίσεα τοπείων IG 22.1622.135 (iv B. C.).

2. sts. when the Noun is so specified that the Art. is not needed, ἐς γῆν ταύτην.., ἥντινα νῦν Σκύθαι νέμονται Hdt. 4.8; ταύτας ἃς οἱ πατέρες παρέδοσαν μελέτας Th. 1.85, cf. Pl. R. 449d, etc.; πατὴρ σὸς οὗτος, ὃν θρηνεῖς ἀεί S. El. 530.

3. when οὗτος is used in local sense, here, v. infr. c. 1.5.

4. when the Noun with which οὗτος agrees stands as its Predicate, αὕτη γὰρ ἦν σοι πρόφασις S. Ph. 1034; δικαστοῦ αὕτη ἀρετή [ἐστι ] Pl. Rev 18:1-24 a: this exception extends to cases in which the Predicate is not so distinctly separated from the Subject, αἰτίαι μὲν αὗται προυγεγένηντο these were the grievances which already existed, Th. 1.66; ταύτην φήμην παρέδοσαν this was the report which.., Pl. Phlb. 16c: freq. with a Sup., κίνησις αὕτη μεγίστη δὴ.. ἐγένετο this was notably the greatest movement which.., Th. 1.1, cf. 3.113: with πρῶτος Id. 1.55, 98, 6.31, Luk 2:2.

5. when 3rd pers. is used for 2nd to express contempt, οὗτος ἀνήρ, οὑτοσὶ ἀνήρ, Pl. Grg. 467b, 489b, etc.

II

1. though οὗτος usu. agrees with the Noun that serves as Predicate, it is not rare to find it in the neut., μανία δὲ καὶ τοῦτ’ ἐστί E. Ba. 305; τοῦτο γάρ εἰσι.. εὔθυναι D. 19.82, etc.: and in pl., οὐκ ἔστι ταῦτα ἀρχή Aeschin. 3.13; ταῦτ’ ἐστὶν ὁ προδότης Id. 2.166: so with an explanatory clause added, τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ὁ συκοφάντης, αἰτιᾶσθαι μὲν πάντα ἐξελέγξαι δὲ μηδέν D. 57.34.

2. so also with a Noun in apposition, τούτοισιν μὲν ταῦτα μέλει, κίθαρις καὶ ἀοιδή Od. 1.159; τούτου τιμῶμαι, ἐν πρυτανείῳ σιτήσεως Pl. Ap. 36e, cf. E. Fr. 323.3, etc.

3. the neut. also may refer to a masc. or fem. Noun, καρπὸν φορέει κυάμῳ ἴσον: τοῦτο ἐπεὰν γένηται πέπον κτλ. Hdt. 4.23, cf. X. An. 1.5.10, etc.

4. the neut. is also used of classes of persons, μελιτοπῶλαι καὶ τυροπῶλαι: τοῦτο δ’ εἰς ἕν ἐστι συγκεκυφός Ar. Eq. 854, cf. Pl. Lg. 711a; or of an abstract fact, οὐκ Ἰοφῶν ζῇ; - τοῦτο γάρ τοι καὶ μόνον ἔτ’ ἐστὶ λοιπὸν ἀγαθόν Ar. Ra. 73.

III with Prons.,

1 personal, οὗτος σύ, in local sense, v. infr. c. 1.5.

2. interrog., τί τοῦτ’ ἔλεξας; what is this that.. ? S. Ph. 1173 (lyr.), cf. Ant. 7; ποίοισι τούτοις; for ποῖά ἐστι ταῦτα οἷς [ἔχεις ἐλπίδα ]; Id. OC 388, cf. Ant. 1049; Νέστορ’ ἔρειο ὅν τινα τοῦτον ἄγει whom he brings here, Il. 11.612.

3. with οἷος, Od. 20.377, Pl. Phd. 61c.

4. possess., πατὴρ σὸς οὗτος this father of thine, S. El. 530, cf. X. An. 7.3.30.

5. demonstr., οὗτος ἐκεῖνος, τὸν σὺ ζητέεις, where ἐκεῖνος is the Predicate, Hdt. 1.32; τοῦτ’ ἔστ’ ἐκεῖνο E. Hel. 622, cf. Or. 804; αὐτὸ τοῦτο, v. αὐτός 1.7; τοῦτον τὸν αὐτὸν ἄνδρα this same man, S. Ph. 128. exceptionally, Διφίλου οὗτος ὅδ’ ἐστὶ τύπος IG 12(5).300 (Paros).

6. ἄλλος τις οὗτος ἀνέστη another man here, Od. 20.380. with Numerals, τέθνηκε ταῦτα τρία ἔτη these three years, Lys. 7.10c odd.; [ στρατείαν] ἑνδέκατον μῆνα τουτονὶ ποιεῖται for these eleven months, D. 8.2, cf. 3.4; τριακοστὴν ταύτην ἡμέραν Men. Epit. 27; ταύτας τριάκοντα μνᾶς D. 27.23, cf. Pl. Grg. 463b, etc.

SIGNIFICATION AND SPECIAL IDIOMS:

I

1. this, to designate the nearer, opp. ἐκεῖνος, that, the more remote, ταῦτα, like τὰ ἐνταῦθα, things round and about us, earthly things, Pl. Phd. 75e (v. l.); cf. ὅδε init.: but οὗτος sts. indicates that which is not really nearest, but most important, δεῖ.. τὸ βέλτιστον ἀεί, μὴ τὸ ῥᾷστον λέγειν: ἐπὶ ἐκεῖνο μὲν γὰρ ἡ φύσις αὐτὴ βαδιεῖται, ἐπὶ τοῦτο δὲ κτλ. D. 8.72, cf. 51.3 and 18.

2. when, of two things, one precedes and the other follows, ὅδε prop. refers to what follows, οὗτος to what precedes, οὐκ ἔστι σοι ταῦτ’, ἀλλά σοι τάδ’ ἔστι S. OC 787, cf. ὅδε III. 2: freq., however, where there are not two things, οὗτος refers to what follows, Il. 13.377, Od. 2.306, etc.; οὔκουν.. τοῦτο γιγνώσκεις, ὅτι..; A. Pr. 379, etc.

3. οὗτος is used emphat., generally in contempt, while ἐκεῖνος denotes praise, ὁ πάντ’ ἄναλκις οὗτος, i.e. Aegisthus, S. El. 301; τούτους τοὺς συκοφάντας Pl. Cri. 45a; so D. de Coron. uses οὗτος of Aeschines, ἐκεῖνος of Philip; but οὗτος is used of Philip, D. 2.15, 4.3. of what is familiar, τούτους τοὺς πολυτελεῖς χιτῶνας, of the Persians, X. An. 1.5.8; οἱ τὰς τελετὰς.. οὗτοι καταστήσαντες Pl. Phd. 69c, cf. Men. 80a; τὸ θυλακῶδες τοῦτο the familiar bag-like thing, Thphr. HP 3.7.3, cf. 3.18.11, 4.7.1; οἱ τὰς κόρας ταύτας ὠνούμενοι τοῖς παισίν D.Chr. 31.153.

4. in Att. law-language, οὗτος is commonly applied to the opponent, whether plaintiff (as in Aeschin. 2.130) or defendant (as in Id. 1.1); so, in the political speeches of D., οὗτοι are the opposite party, 4.1, 8.7, etc.; but in the forensic speeches, οὗτοι freq. means the judges, the court, 21.134, 36.47.

5. much like an Adv., in local sense (cf. ὅδε init.), τίς δ’ οὗτος κατὰ νῆας.. ἔρχεαι; who art thou here that comest.. ? Il. 10.82; freq. in Att., τίς οὑτοσί; who’s this here? Ar. Ach. 1048; πολλὰ ὁρῶ ταῦτα πρόβατα I see many sheep here, X. An. 3.5.9 (as v.l.): with Pron. of 2 pers., οὗτος σύ ho you! you there! S. OT 532, 1121, E. Hec. 1280, etc.: and then οὗτος alone like a voc., οὗτος, τί ποιεῖς; A. Supp. 911,cf. S. Aj. 71, E. Alc. 773, Ar. Eq. 240, Nu. 220, al.: with a pr. n., ὦ οὗτος, Αἴας S. Aj. 89; ὦ οὗτος οὗτος, Οἰδίπους Id. OC 1627, cf. Ar. V. 1364: with voc., βέντισθ’ οὗτος Theoc. 5.76: - the fem. is rarer, αὕτη E. Med. 922; αὕτη σύ Ar. Th. 610. - This phrase mostly implies anger, impatience, or scorn.

II simply as antec. to ὅς, Od. 2.40, S. OT 1180, etc.: freq. following relat. clause, ἅ γ’ ἔλαβες,.. μεθεῖναι ταῦτα Id. Ph. 1247, cf. 1319, Ant. 183, 203, Pl. Grg. 469c.

III = τοιοῦτος, οὗτος ἐγὼ ταχυτᾶτι Pi. O. 4.26; σὺ τοίνυν οὗτος εὑρέθης D. 18.282, cf. 173. after a parenthesis, the Subject, though already named, is freq. emphat. repeated by οὗτος, οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ Ἀριστέης.., οὐδὲ οὗτος προσωτέρω.. ἔφησε ἀπικέσθαι Hdt. 4.16, cf. 81 (s. v. l.), 1.146, Pl. Phd. 107d, etc. καὶ οὗτος is added to heighten the force of a previous word, ξυνεστῶτες.. ναυτικῷ ἀγῶνι, καὶ τούτῳ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους Th. 4.55, cf. Hdt. 1.147, 6.11, etc.; so οὐδὲ τούτου Aeschin. 2.100; v. infr. VIII.2. repeated, where for the second we should merely say he or it, τοῖσιν τούτου τοῦτον μέλεσιν.. κελαδοῦντες Ar. Ra. 1526, cf. Pl. La. 200d.

ταῦτα is used in some special phrases,

1 ταῦτ’, ὦ δέσποτα yes Sir (i. e. ἔστι ταῦτα, ταῦτα δράσω, etc.), Ar. V. 142, Pax 275, cf. Eq. III; so ταῦτα δή Id. Ach. 815; ταῦτά νυν Id. V. 1008; so also ἦν ταῦτα even so, true, E. Ph. 417.

2. ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ὑπάρξει so it shall be, Pl. Phd. 78a.

3. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ταῦτα so much for that, freq. in Att., as Pl. Smp. 220c.

4. ταῦτα at end of a formula in epitaphs, etc., prob. short for ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει or ὁ βίος ταῦτά ἐστιν, e.g. οὐδὶς (= -εὶς) ἀθάνατος: ταῦτα IG 14.420; Προκόπι ταῦτα ib.1824; χαίρεται (= -τε) ταῦτα ib.1479, etc.: similarly perh. in a letter, ἂμ μὴ πέμψῃς, οὐ μὴ φάγω, οὐ μὴ πείνω. ταῦτα POxy. 119.15 (ii/iii A. D.).

Adverbial usages:

1 ταῦτα abs., therefore, that is why.., Il. 11.694; ταῦτ’ ἄρα Ar. Ach. 90, Nu. 319, 335, 394, al., X. Smp. 4.55; ταῦτα δή A. Pers. 159, Pl. Smp. 174a; ταῦτ’ οὖν S. Tr. 550, Ar. V. 1358, etc.; αὐτὰ ταῦτα ἥκω, ἵνα.. Pl. Prt. 310e: τοῦτο is rare in this sense, τοῦτ’ ἀφικόμην, ὅπως.. εὖ πράξαιμί τι S. OT 1005; αὐτὸ γὰρ τοῦτο just because of this, Pl. Smp. 204a. πρὸς ταῦτα so then, therefore, prop. used in indignant defiance, A. Pr. 992, 1043, S. Aj. 971, 1115, 1313, OT 426, OC 455, etc.

2. καὶ ταῦτα, adding a circumstance heightening the force of what has been said, and that, ἄνδρα γενναῖον θανεῖν, καὶ ταῦτα πρὸς γυναικός A. Eu. 627: but mostly with a part., ὅς γ’ ἐξέλυσας ἄστυ.., καὶ ταῦθ’ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν οὐδὲν ἐξειδὼς πλέον S. OT 37, cf. Ar. Ra. 704, Pl. Phdr. 241e, etc.; or with a part. omitted, ἥτις.. τὴν τεκοῦσαν ὕβρισεν, καὶ ταῦτα τηλικοῦτος (sc. οὖσα) S. El. 614; so καὶ ταῦτα μέντοι Pl. Erx. 400b. καὶ ταῦτα anyhow, no matter what happens (or happened), ἐπεχείρησας, οὐδὲν ὢν καὶ ταῦτα you tried, but were no good anyhow, i.e. try as you might, Id. R. 341c, cf. Diod.Com. 3.5.

3. τοῦτο μέν.., τοῦτο δέ.. on the one hand.., on the other.., partly.., partly.., very freq. in Hdt., as 1.161, al.; τοῦτο μέν is sts. answered by δέ only, 4.76, S. Aj. 670, OC 440; by δὲ αὖ, Hdt. 7.176; by ἔπειτα δέ, S. Ant. 61; by ἀλλά, D. 22.13; by εἶτα, S. Ph. 1345; by τοῦτ’ αὖθις, Id. Ant. 165.

4. dat. fem. ταύτῃ, on this spot, here, ταύτῃ μὲν.., τῇδε δ’ αὖ.. Id. Ph. 1331; ἀλλ’ ἐὰν ταύτῃ γε νικᾷ, ταυτῃὶ πεπλήξεται Ar. Eq. 271, cf. Th. 1221. in this point, herein, μηδὲν ταύτῃ γε κομήσῃς Id. Pl. 572, cf. X. Hier. 7.12, etc. in this way, thus, A. Pr. 191, S. OC 1300, etc.; οὐ.. ταῦτ’ ἐστί πω ταύτῃ Ar. Eq. 843; ἀλλ’ οὔτι ταύτῃ ταῦτα E. Med. 365, cf. A. Pr. 511: antec. to ὥσπερ, Pl. R. 330c; to ὅπῃ, X. Cyr. 8.3.2; οὕτω τε καὶ ταύτῃ γίγνοιτο Pl. Lg. 681d; καὶ οὕτω καὶ ταύτῃ ἂν ἔχοι ib. 714d; ταύτῃ καλεῖσθαι, etc., like οὕτω κ., Sch. Pl. Smp. 215b.

5. ἐκ τούτου or τούτων thereupon, X. HG 3.1.6, Oec. 2.1; therefore, Id. An. 3.3.5.

6. ἐν τούτῳ in that case, Pl. R. 440c. in the meantime, Hdt. 1.126, Th. 3.72, X. Mem. 2.

οὔτοι

or οὔ τοι, Adv. indeed not, Il. 1.298, 515, 3.65, 4.29, Hes. Op. 759, etc.: in Att. freq. before protestations, οὔτοι μὰ τὴν Δήμητρα Ar. Pl. 64; οὔτοι.. μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω Id. V. 1366; οὔτοι μὰ τὴν Γῆν Id. Pax 188; μὰ τὸν Δί’ οὔτοι γε Id. Th. 34; μὰ τὸν Δί’ οὐ τοίνυν Id. V. 1141 (cf. τοίνυν) ; ἀλλ’ οὔτοι.. γε S. El. 137 (lyr.), etc.; οὔτοι δή Pl. Cri. 43d; οὔτοι δὴ.. γε Id. Euthphr. 2a, etc.; οὔτοι μὲν οὖν Id. Phdr. 271b; οὔτοι πότε never indeed, S. Ant. 522, etc.; οὔτοι ποτέ.. γε Id. OT 852; cf. οὔ τἄν, οὔ τἄρα. (οὔτοι is freq. confounded with οὔτι.)

ἀϋτή

[ ῡ], ἡ, (αὔω B) cry, shout, esp. battle-shout, war-cry, ἀϋτὴ δ’ οὐρανὸν ἷκεν Il. 2.153; ἀϋτή τε πτόλεμός τε 6.328; κίνδυνος ὀξείας ἀϋτᾶς Pi. N. 9.35: generally, γλώσσης ἀϋτὴν Φωκίδος A. Ch. 564; of the blast of the trumpet, Id. Pers. 395; of the creaking of the axle, Parm. 1.6. (ἀϝῡτά IG 9(1).868 (Corc.).)

G3778, G5023, G5025, G5026, G5123, G5124, G5125, G5126, G5127, G5128, G5129, G5130

οὗτος houtos 1,387x

    this, this person or thing, Mat 3:3; Mat 3:9; Mat 3:17; Mat 8:9; Mat 10:2; Mat 24:34, et al. freq.;

    used by way of contempt, this fellow, Mat 13:55; Mat 27:47;     

    αὐτὸ τοῦτο, this very thing, this same thing, 2Co 2:3; 2Co 7:11;

    εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο, and elliptically,

    αὐτὸ τοῦτο, for this same purpose, on this account, Eph 6:18; Eph 6:22; 2Pe 1:5;

    καὶ οὗτος, and moreover, Luk 7:12; Luk 16:1; Luk 20:30;

    καὶ τοῦτο, and that too, 1Co 6:6; 1Co 6:8;

    τοῦτο μὲν ... τοῦτο δέ, partly ... partly, Heb 10:33

G3778 — οὗτος

αὕτη, τοῦτο, demonstrative pronoun (cf. Curtius, p. 543), Hebrew זֶה, זֹאת, this; used:

I. absolutely.

1.

a. this one, visibly present here: Mat 3:17; Mat 17:5; Mar 9:7; Luk 7:44; Luk 9:35; 2Pe 1:17. Mat 9:3; Mat 21:38; Mar 14:69; Luk 2:34; Luk 23:2; Joh 1:15, Joh 1:30; Joh 7:25; Joh 9:8f, 19; Joh 18:21, Joh 18:30; Joh 21:21; Act 2:15; Act 4:10; Act 9:21; according to the nature and character of the person or thing mentioned, it is used with a suggestion — either of contempt, as Mat 13:55; Mar 6:2; Luk 5:21; Luk 7:39, Luk 7:49; Joh 6:42, Joh 6:52; Joh 7:15; or of admiration, Mat 21:11; Act 9:21; cf. Wahl, Clavis apocryphor. V. T., p. 370.

b. it refers to a subject immediately preceding, the one just named: Luk 1:32; Luk 2:37 (R G L); Joh 1:2; Joh 6:71; 2Ti 3:6, 2Ti 3:8, etc.; at the beginning of a narrative about one already mentioned, Mat 3:3; Luk 16:1; Joh 1:41 (); Joh 3:2; Joh 12:21; ; Act 7:19; Act 21:24. this one just mentioned and no other: Joh 9:9; Act 4:10 (ἐν τούτῳ); ; 1Jo 5:6; such as I have just described, 2Ti 3:5; 2Pe 2:17. καί οὗτος, this one just mentioned also, i. e. as well as the rest, Luk 20:30 R G L; Heb 8:3. καί τοῦτον, and him too, and him indeed, 1Co 2:2.

c. it refers to the leading subject of a sentence although in position more remote (Winers Grammar, § 23, 1; (Buttmann, § 127, 3)): Act 4:11; Act 7:19; Act 8:26 (on which see Γάζα under the end); 1Jo 5:20 (where οὗτος is referred by (many) orthodox interpreters incorrectly ((see Alford at the passage; Winers Grammar, and Buttmanns Grammar, the passages cited)) to the immediately preceding subject, Christ); 2Jo 1:7.

d. it refers to what follows; οὗτος, αὕτη ἐστι, in this appears... that etc.; on this depends... that etc.: followed by ὅτι, as αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ ἐπαγγελία, ὅτι, 1Jo 1:5; add, 1Jo 5:11,14>; — by ἵνα, Joh 15:12; 1Jo 3:11, 1Jo 3:23; 1Jo 5:3; 2Jo 1:6; τοῦτο ἐστι τό ἔργον, τό θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἵνα, Joh 6:29, Joh 6:39f.

e. it serves to repeat the subject with emphasis: οὐ πάντες οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραήλ, οὗτοι Ἰσραήλ, Rom 9:6; add, ; (L marginal reading οἱ τοιοῦτοι); Rom 7:10; Gal 3:7; it refers, not without special force, to a description given by a participle or by the relative ὅς, ὅστις; which description either follows, as Mar 4:16, Mar 4:18; Luk 8:15, Luk 8:21; Luk 9:9; Joh 11:37; followed by a relative sentence, Joh 1:15; 1Pe 5:12; — or precedes: in the form of a participle, Mat 10:22; Mat 13:20, Mat 13:22; Mat 24:13; Mat 26:23; Mar 12:40; Luk 9:48 (ὁ... ὑπάρχων, οὗτος); Joh 6:46; Joh 7:18; Joh 15:5; 2Jo 1:9; Act 17:7; (and R G in Rev 3:5); or of the relative ὅς, Mat 5:19; Mar 3:35; Luk 9:24, Luk 9:26; Joh 1:33 (here L marginal reading αὐτός); Joh 3:26; ; Rom 8:30; 1Co 7:20; Heb 13:11; 1Jo 2:5; 2Pe 2:19; in the neuter, Joh 8:26; Rom 7:16; 1Co 7:24; Phi 4:9; 2Ti 2:2; or of a preceding ὅστις, Mat 18:4; in the neuter Phi 3:7. ὅσοι... οὗτοι, Rom 8:14; Gal 6:12; also preceded by εἰ τίς, 1Co 3:17 (here Lachmann αὐτός); ; Jam 1:23; Jam 3:2; by ἐάν τίς, Joh 9:31; cf. Winers Grammar, § 23, 4.

f. with αὐτός annexed, this man himself, Act 25:25; plural these themselves, Act 24:15, Act 24:20; on the neuter see below, 2 a. b. etc.

g. As the relative and interrogative pronoun so also the demonstrative, when it is the subject, conforms in gender and number to the noun in the predicate: οὗτοι εἰσιν οἱ υἱοί τῆς βασιλείας, Mat 13:38; add, Mar 4:15f, 18; αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ μεγάλη ἐντολή, Mat 22:38; οὗτος ἐστιν ὁ πλάνος (German diesesind), 2Jo 1:7.

2. The neuter τοῦτο a. refers to what precedes: Luk 5:6; Joh 6:61; Act 19:17; τοῦτο εἰπών, and the like, Luk 24:40 (T omits; Tr brackets WH reject the verse); Joh 4:18; Joh 8:6; Joh 12:33; Joh 18:38; διά τοῦτο, see διά, B. II. 2 a.; εἰς τοῦτο, see εἰς, B. II. 3 c. β.; αὐτό τοῦτο, for this very cause, 2Pe 1:5 (Lachmann αὐτοί); cf. Matthiae, § 470, 7; Passow, under the word, C. 1 a. at the end (Liddell and Scott, under the word, C. IX. 1 at the end; Winer's Grammar, § 21, 3 note 2; Kühner, § 410 Anm. 6); μετά τοῦτο, see μετά, II. 2 b. ἐκ τούτου, for this reason (see ἐκ, II. 8), Joh 6:66; Joh 19:12; from this, i. e. hereby, by this note, 1Jo 4:6 (cf. Westcott at the passage). ἐν τούτῳ, for this cause, Joh 16:30; Act 24:16; hereby, by this token, 1Jo 3:19. ἐπί τούτῳ, in the meanwhile, while this was going on (but see ἐπί, B. 2 e., at the end, p. 234a), Joh 4:27. τούτου χάριν, Eph 3:14. plural ταῦτα, Joh 7:4 (these so great, so wonderful, things); μετά ταῦτα, see μετά, II. 2 b. κατά ταῦτα, in this same manner, Rec. in Luk 6:23, and (others, τά αὐτά or ταῦτα). it refers to the substance of the preceding discourse: Luk 8:8; Luk 11:27; Luk 24:26; Joh 5:34; Joh 15:11; Joh 21:24, and very often. καθώς... ταῦτα, Joh 8:28.

b. it prepares the reader or hearer and renders him attentive to what follows, which tires gets special weight (Winer's Grammar, § 23, 5): 1Jo 4:2; αὐτό τοῦτο ὅτι, Phi 1:6; τοῦτο λέγω followed by direct discourse, Gal 3:17 (see λέγω, II. 2 d.). it is prefixed to sentences introduced by the particles ὅτι, ἵνα, etc.: τοῦτο λέγω or φημί followed by ὅτι, 1Co 1:12 ((see λέγω as above); 1Co 7:29); ; γινώσκεις τοῦτο followed by ὅτι, Rom 6:6; 2Ti 3:1; 2Pe 1:20; 2Pe 3:3; λογίζεσθαι τοῦτο ὅτι, Rom 2:3; after ὁμολογεῖν, Act 24:14; after εἰδώς, 1Ti 1:9; ἐν τούτῳ ὅτι, 1Jo 3:16, 1Jo 3:24; 1Jo 4:9f; τοῦτο, ἵνα, Luk 1:43; εἰς τοῦτο, ἵνα, Act 9:21; Rom 14:9; 2Co 2:9; 1Pe 3:9; 1Pe 4:6; 1Jo 3:8; διά τοῦτο, ἵνα, 2Co 13:10; 1Ti 1:16; Phi 1:15; τούτων (on this neuter plural referring to a single object see Winers Grammar, 162 (153); (cf. Riddell, Platonic Idioms, § 41)), ἵνα, 3Jo 1:4; ἐν τούτῳ, ἐάν, 1Jo 2:3; ὅταν, 1Jo 5:2; τοῦτο αὐτό, ἵνα, on this very account, that (see a. above (but others take it here as the accusative of object; see Meyer at the passage (for instances of αὐτό τοῦτο see Buttmann, § 127, 12))), 2Co 2:3; εἰς αὐτό τοῦτο, ἵνα, Eph 6:22; Col 4:8; ὅπως, Rom 9:17. In the same manner τοῦτο is put before an infinitive with τό for the sake of emphasis (Winers Grammar, § 23, 5; Buttmann, § 140, 7, 9, etc.): 2Co 2:1; before a simple infinitive, 1Co 7:37 (here R G prefix τοῦ to the infinitive); before an accusative and infinitive Eph 4:17; before nouns, as τοῦτο εὔχομαι, τήν ὑμῶν κατάρτισιν, 2Co 13:9, cf. 1Jo 3:24; 1Jo 5:4.

c. καί τοῦτο, and this, and that too, and indeed, especially: Rom 13:11; 1Co 6:6, L T Tr WH also in 8; Eph 2:8; καί ταῦτα, and that too, 1Co 6:8 Rec.; Heb 11:12; (so καί ταῦτα also in classical Greek; cf. Devar. edition Klotz i., p. 108; Viger. edition Herm., p. 176f; Matthiae, § 470, 6).

d. ταῦτα, of this sort, such, spoken contemptuously of men, 1Co 6:11 (cf. Sophocles O. R 1329; Thucydides 6, 77; Livy 30, 30; cf. Bernhardy (1829), p. 281; (Winers Grammar, 162 (153))).

e. τοῦτο μέν... τοῦτο δέ, partly... partly, Heb 10:33 (for examples from Greek anth. see Winers Grammar, 142 (135); Matthiae, ii., § 288 Anm. 2; (Kühner, § 527 Anm. 2)).

f. τουτ' ἐστιν, see εἰμί, II. 3, p. 176{b}.

II. Joined to nouns it is used like an adjective;

a. so that the article stands between the demonstrative and the noun, οὗτος ὁ, αὕτη ἡ, τοῦτο τό (cf. Winers Grammar, § 23 at the end; Buttmann, § 127, 29): Mat 12:32; Mat 16:18; Mat 17:21 (T WH omits; Tr brackets the verse); Mat 20:12; ; Mar 9:29; Luk 7:44; Luk 10:36; Luk 14:30; Luk 15:24; Joh 4:15; Joh 7:46 (L WH omit; Tr brackets the clause); Joh 8:20; Joh 10:6; Joh 11:47; ; Act 1:11; Rom 11:24; 1Ti 1:18; Heb 7:1; Heb 8:10; (1Jo 4:21); Rev 19:9; Rev 20:14; Rev 21:5; Rev 22:6. etc.; τοῦτο τό παιδίον, such a little child as ye see here, Luk 9:48; cf. Bornemann at the passage (who takes τοῦτο thus as representing the class, 'this and the like;' but cf. Meyer (edited by Weiss) at the passage).

b. so that the noun stands between the article and the demonstrative (cf. Winer's Grammar, 548 (510)); as, οἱ λίθοι οὗτοι, the stones which ye see lying near, Mat 3:9; Mat 4:3; add, Mat 5:19; Mat 7:24 (L Tr WH brackets τούτους), Mat 7:26, Mat 7:28; (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading αὐτῆς); Mat 10:23, etc.; Mar 12:16; Mar 13:30; Luk 11:31; Luk 23:47; Joh 4:13, Joh 4:21; Joh 7:49; Joh 11:9; Joh 18:29; Act 6:13; Act 19:26; Rom 15:28; 1Co 1:20; 1Co 2:6; 1Co 11:26; 2Co 4:1, 2Co 4:7; 2Co 8:6; 2Co 11:10; 2Co 12:13; Eph 3:8; Eph 5:32; 2Ti 2:19; Rev 2:24, and very often — (which construction is far more frequent with Paul than the other (see Winer's Grammar, as above)); it is added to a noun which has another adjective, ἡ χήρα ἡ πτωχή αὕτη, Luk 21:3; πάντα τά ῤήματα ταῦτα, Luk 2:19, Luk 2:51 ((T WH L marginal reading omit; L text Tr marginal reading brackets ταῦτα); ἀπό τῆς γενεάς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης, Act 2:40).

c. Passages in which the reading varies between οὗτος ὁ and ὁ... οὗτος: viz. οὗτος ὁ, Mar 14:30 L text T Tr WH; Joh 4:20 R L marginal reading; Joh 6:60 R G; Joh 7:36 R G; Joh 9:24 L WH Tr marginal reading; Joh 21:23 L T Tr WH. ὁ... οὗτος, Mar 14:30 R G L marginal reading; Joh 4:20 G L text T Tr WH; Joh 6:60 L T Tr WH; John vii 36 L T Tr WH; Joh 9:24 G T Tr text; Joh 21:23 R G; etc.

d. with anarthrous nouns, especially numerical specifications (Winer's Grammar, § 37, 5 N. 1): τρίτον τοῦτο, this third time, 2Co 13:1; τοῦτο τρίτον, Joh 21:14 (Jdg 16:15; δεύτερον τοῦτο, Gen 27:36; τοῦτο δέκατον, Num 14:22; τέταρτον τοῦτο, Herodotus 5, 76). (The passages which follow, although introduced here by Prof. Grimm, are (with the exception of Act 1:5) clearly instances of the predicative use of οὗτος; cf. Winers Grammar, 110 (105) note; Buttmann, § 127, 31; Rost § 98, 3 A.

c. α. following): τοῦτο πάλιν δεύτερον σημεῖον ἐποίησεν, Joh 4:54; τρίτην ταύτην ἡμέραν ἄγει, this is the third day that Israel is passing (but see ἄγω, 3), Luk 24:21 (κεῖμαι τριακοστην ταύτην ἡμέραν, this is now the thirtieth day that I lie (unburied), Lucian, dial. mort. 13, 3); οὐ μετά πολλάς ταύτας ἡμέρας (see μετά, II. 2 b. (Winers Grammar, 161 (152); Buttmann, § 127, 4)), Act 1:5; οὗτος μήν ἕκτος ἐστιν αὐτῇ, this is the sixth month with her etc. Luk 1:36; αὕτη ἀπογραφή πρώτη ἐγένετο, Luk 2:2 L (T) Tr WH; ταύτην ἐποίησεν ἀρχήν τῶν σημείων, Joh 2:11 L T Tr WH.

οὗτος , αὕτη , τοῦτο ,

gen ., τούτου , ταύτης , τούτου ,

[in LXX chiefly for H2088, H2063;]

demonstr. prop . (related to ἐκεῖνος as hic to ille), this;

1. as subst ., this one, he;

(a) absol. : Mat 3:17, Mar 9:7, Luk 7:44-45, Joh 1:15, Act 2:15, al. ; expressing contempt ( cl .), Mat 13:55-56, Mar 6:2-3, Joh 6:42, al. ; εἰς τοῦτο , Mar 1:38, Rom 14:9; μετὰ τοῦτο ( ταῦτα ; v. Westc . on Joh 5:1), Joh 2:12; Joh 11:7, al. ;

(b) epanaleptic (referring to what precedes): Mat 5:19, Mar 3:35, Luk 9:48, Joh 6:46, Rom 7:10, al. ;

(c) proleptic (referring to what follows): seq . ἵνα (Bl., § 69, 6), Luk 1:43, Joh 3:19 (and freq .) Joh 15:8, Rom 14:9, al. ; seq . ὅτι , Luk 10:11, Joh 9:30, Act 24:14, Rom 2:3, al. ; ὅπως , Rom 9:17; ἐά v, Joh 13:35;

(d) special idioms: τοῦτο μὲν . . . τ . δέ ( cl ), partly . . . partly, Heb 10:33; καὶ τοῦτο ( τ o ῦτον , τοῦτα ), and that (him) too, Rom 13:11 , 1Co 2:2, Heb 11:12; τοῦτ᾿ ἐστιν , that is to say, Mat 27:46.

2. As adj. , c . subst .;

(a) c . art.

( α ) before the art.: Mat 12:32, Mar 9:29, Luk 7:44, Joh 4:15, Rom 11:24, Rev 19:9, al. ;

( β ) after the noun: Mat 3:9, Mar 12:16, Luk 11:31, Joh 4:13, Act 6:13, Rom 15:28 , 1Co 1:20, Rev 2:24, al. ;

(b) c . subst . anarth. (with predicative force; Bl., § 49, 4): Luk 1:36; Luk 2:2; Luk 24:21, Joh 2:11; Joh 4:54; Joh 21:14 , 2Co 13:1.

詞類次數：代名詞（356）

原文字根：這-同一的

字義溯源：這，這個，這位，這是，這樣，這事，這人，這些，這些事，這些人，這個人，這幾個人，此，他，他們，他自己，那，那些，就是；由（G3588（ὁ）*=這）與（G846（αὐτός）=自己）組成；而G846（αὐτός）出自（G825（Ἀττάλεια）X*=反身）

出現次數：總共（343）；太（52）；可（24）；路（68）；約（61）；徒（58）；羅（10）；林前（6）；林後（3）；加（3）；弗（1）；西（1）；提前（1）；提後（1）；多（1）；來（7）；雅（4）；彼前（1）；彼後（3）；約壹（13）；約貳（4）；猶（5）；啓（16）

譯字彙編：

1）這（140）數量太多，不能盡錄；

2）這人（54）太3:3；太5:19；太9:3；太11:10；太12:24；太13:54；太24:13；太26:71；太27:58；可14:69；路7:27；路16:1；路18:14；路20:28；路20:30；路22:59；路23:22；路23:35；路23:41；路23:51；路23:52；約1:7；約3:2；約4:29；約4:47；約6:52；約7:15；約7:18；約7:25；約7:26；約7:31；約7:35；約9:2；約9:3；約9:33；約11:37；約15:5；約18:30；約21:21；徒1:18；徒4:9；徒7:19；徒7:36；徒7:38；徒9:21；徒10:6；徒10:32；徒14:9；徒18:13；徒18:25；羅8:9；林前8:3；來7:4；雅1:25；

3）這些人（22）太21:16；太25:46；太26:62；可12:40；可14:60；路20:47；約6:5；約12:21；約17:25；徒1:14；徒2:15；徒17:7；徒17:11；徒20:5；徒27:31；來11:13；來11:39；彼後2:12；彼後2:17；猶1:10；猶1:12；猶1:16；

4）他（12）太10:22；太18:4；可13:13；路1:32；路8:41；路9:48；約1:41；約6:46；約6:71；徒9:20；徒18:26；林前7:13；

5）他們（11）路8:21；路19:40；約18:21；徒25:11；羅11:31；加3:7；啓11:4；啓14:4；啓17:13；啓17:14；啓17:16；

6）她（11）路2:36；路2:36；路7:12；路7:44；路7:45；路7:46；路8:42；路21:4；徒9:36；徒16:17；林前7:12；

7）這些（11）太3:9；太13:38；可4:15；可4:16；可4:18；徒2:7；羅8:14；猶1:19；啓7:14；啓14:4；啓14:4；

8）那（7）路24:17；徒10:36；徒17:6；羅9:6；羅11:24；林前16:17；啓7:13；

9）就（7）路8:14；路8:15；路9:24；約21:24；徒7:37；約壹3:23；約壹5:4；

10）這樣（5）可14:4；路1:29；路8:11；路17:26；來8:10；

11）這個人（5）太26:61；太27:47；可2:7；路15:2；路22:56；

12）這是（5）太13:28；可12:11；路2:2；路4:36；啓20:5；

13）這位（4）約3:26；徒9:22；徒17:3；徒17:24；

14）這個（4）路1:36；路20:17；羅7:10；彼前2:7；

15）這事（4）太1:20；太26:13；路7:17；路7:39；

16）此（3）太12:27；約3:19；羅4:9；

17）那些（3）太20:12；羅2:14；猶1:8；

18）這等人（2）提前3:10；提後3:8；

19）他是（2）徒13:7；雅3:2；

20）（那）（2）來3:3；約貳1:9；

21）這一個（2）太26:23；路20:14；

22）這些事（2）徒24:15；徒24:20；

23）那些人（1）加6:12；

24）那些婦人（1）加4:24；

25）也就（1）林後2:6；

26）是這樣（1）羅9:9；

27）乃是這樣（1）來10:16；

28）這二人（1）啓11:6；

29）這⋯事（1）太1:22；

30）乃（1）約壹2:25；

31）這就（1）雅1:23；

32）這些話（1）徒17:11；

33）這幾個人（1）西4:11；

34）都是（1）路21:4；

35）是（1）可12:31；

36）這女人（1）可14:9；

37）（這）（1）可12:10；

38）它（1）太21:42；

39）（這些）（1）太4:3；

40）這一位（1）路2:34；

41）那裏（1）路8:13；

42）那個（1）徒7:40；

43）這路（1）徒8:26；

44）誰（1）約1:33；

45）這道（1）約1:2；

46）現在（1）路22:53；

47）這樣：（1）徒8:32