κατέχω,
fut. καθέξω (of duration) Il. 18.332, κατασχήσω (of momentary action) Hdt. 5.72, Th. 4.42: aor. κατέσχον, poet. κατέσχεθον Hes. Th. 575, S. El. 754; [Eph 3:1-21] sg. κάσχεθε Il. 11.702, Aeol. κατέσκ [ εθε ] Alc. Supp. la.12; imper. κατάσχες E. Ba. 555 (lyr.), later κατάσχε Philostr. 38 (v.l.), PMag.Lond. 97.404; late aor. κατέσχα PGen. 54.22 (iv A.D.).
I
1. trans., hold fast, καλύπτρην χείρεσσι Hes. Th. 575. hold back, withhold, εἴ με βίῃ ἀέκοντα καθέξει Il. 15.186, cf. 11.702, Od. 15.200; ἐν κολεῷ ξίφος Pi. N. 10.6: check, restrain, bridle, ἑωυτόν Hdt. 6.129, cf. Pl. Chrm. 162c, Men. Sam. 112; [ γυναῖκε ] A. Pers. 190; ἱππικὸν δρόμον S. El. 754; δάκρυ A. Ag. 204 (lyr.); ὀργήν, θυμόν, ὕβριν, etc., S. El. 1011, OC 874, E. Ba. 555 (lyr.), etc.; δύνασιν S. Ant. 605 (lyr.); τὴν διάνοιαν Th. 1.130; κ. τὴν ἀγωγήν put it off, Id. 6.29; κ. τὸ πλῆθος ἐλευθέρως, ἰσχύϊ, Id. 2.65, 3.62; κ. τινὰ πολέμῳ Id. 1.103; τὰ δάκρυα Pl. Phd. 117d, al.; τὸν γέλωτα X. Cyr. 2.2.5, Pl. La. 184a, Thphr. Char. 2.4; οὖρον hold in, Gal. 8.407 (but - όμενα [οὖρα ] as a disease, Hp. Prorrh. 1.59, cf. Gal. 16.639); ἑαυτὸν κατέχει μὴ ἐπιπηδᾶν restrains himself from.., Pl. Phdr. 254a: - Pass., to be held down, γλῶσσα κατείχετο Hp. Epid. 5.50; ἐπιθυμίας -ομένας Pl. R. 554c; to be bound, ὁρκίοισι μεγάλοισι Hdt. 1.29; ὑποσχέσει PAmh. 2.97.17 (ii A.D.); τοῖς τινων ὀφειλήμασιν PRyl. 117.13 (iii A.D.); of a nation, to be kept under (by tyrants), Hdt. 1.59. detain, κ. [αὐτοὺς] ἐνιαυτόν Id. 6.128, cf. 8.57, Th. 8.100; κ. [αὐτοὺς] ὥστε μὴ ἀπιέναι X. Mem. 2.6.11: - Pass., to be detained, stay, Hdt. 8.117, S. Tr. 249; περὶ Κρήτην Th. 2.86, etc. in imprecations, inhibit (cf. καταδέω (A) 111), Tab.Defix.Aud. 50.11 (iv B.C.), PMag.Par. 1.2077; Μανῆν καταδῶ καὶ κατέχω Tab.Defix. 109. place under arrest, PFlor. 61.60 (i A.D.), etc. keep an oath, ὅρκον SIG 526.39 (Itanos, iii B.C.).
2. c.gen., gain possession of, be master of, τῶν ἐπιστημῶν μὴ πάνυ κ. Arist. Cat. 9a6; τῆς ὀργῆς Philem. 185 codd. Stob.; τῆς παραποταμίας βίᾳ κατέσχον D.S. 12.82, cf. Plb. 14.1.9; τῆς Ἀσίας ἐθνῶν App. Praef. 9; control, τινων LXX [1Ma 6:27]; ἑαυτῶν Erot.s.v. προπετής; μηκέτι κατέχων ἑαυτοῦ Hdn. 1.15.1, cf. 1.7.3; cling to, τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου LXX 3 Ki. 1.51.
II
1. possess, occupy, esp.of rulers, A. Th. 732 (lyr.), E. Hec. 81 (anap.); σῴζειν ἅπερ ἃν ἅπαξ κατάσχωσι whatever they have got, Isoc. 12.242; esp. of property. enjoy possession of, PTeb. 5.47 (ii B.C.), etc. (but also, sequestrate, PLille 3.16 (Pass., iii B.C.), etc.); ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες [2Co 6:10]. dwell in, occupy, Ὀλύμπου αἴγλαν S. Ant. 609 (lyr.); esp. of tutelary gods, Παρνασίαν ὃς κ. πέτραν, of Dionysus, Ar. Nu. 603 (lyr.), cf. X. Cyr. 2.1.1, SIG 662.10 (Delos, ii B.C.), Luc. Alex. 10; of a place, μέσον ὀμφαλὸν γᾶς Φοίβου κ. δόμος E. Ion 223 (lyr.); of the dead. θήκας Ἰλιάδος γᾶς.. κατέχουσι occupy, A. Ag. 454 (lyr.), cf. S. Aj. 1167 (anap.).
2. of sound, fill, οἱ δ’ ἀλαλητῷ πᾶν πεδίον κατέχουσι Il. 16.79; κ. στρατόπεδον δυσφημίαις fill it with his grievous cries, S. Ph. 10; οἰμωγὴ.. κατεῖχε πελαγίαν ἅλα A. Pers. 427, cf. E. Hipp. 1133 (lyr.): - Pass., οἶκος κλαυθμῷ κατείχετο Hdt. 1.111.
3. πανδάκρυτον βιοτὰν κ. continue to live a life.., S. Ph. 690 (lyr.).
4. to be spread over, cover, νὺξ.. δνοφερὴ κάτεχ’ οὐρανόν Od. 13.269; ἡμέρα πᾶσαν κατέσχε γαῖαν A. Pers. 387, cf. Ar. Nu. 572 (lyr.); τίνες αὖ πόντον κατέχουσ’ αὖραι; Cratin. 138; ὀσμὴ.. κατὰ πᾶν ἔχει δῶ Hermipp. 82.9: - Pass., σελήνη.. κατείχετο.. νεφέεσσιν Od. 9.145, cf. Il. 17.368, 644: - Med., aor., κατέσχετο χερσὶ πρόσωπα Od. 19.361; κατασχομένη ἑανῷ having covered her face, Il. 3.419.
5. of the grave, confine, cover, τοὺς δ’ ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα 3.243, cf. Od. 11.301, Orac. ap. Hdt. 1.67; as a threat, πάρος τινὰ γαῖα καθέξει sooner shall earth cover many a one, Il. 16.629, cf. Od. 13.427, etc.
6. of circumstances, etc., hold fast, have one in their power, μιν κατὰ γῆρας ἔχει χεῖράς τε πόδας τε Od. 11.497; ὃν θάνατος δακρυόεις καθέχει (sic) IG 12.987; ἐχθρὰ Φάλαριν κ. φάτις Pi. P. 1.96; τινὰ.. λάθα κ. Id. N. 8.24; [ φθορὰ] κ. τὸν σὸν δόμον S. OC 370; τύχη, πόλεμος κ. τινά, Pl. Hp.Ma. 304c, 317a; κ. κίνδυνος Σικελίαν ib. 355d; συνέβη λοιμώδη νόσον κατασχεῖν τὴν Ἰταλίαν Hdn. 1.12.1: - Pass., ὑπὸ μεγάλης ἀνάγκης κατεχόμενοι Pl. Lg. 858a: rarely in good sense, ὁ δ’ ὄλβιος, ὃν φᾶμαι κατέχοντ’ ἀγαθαί Pi. O. 7.10; μεγάλαι κ. τύχαι γένος ὀρνίθων Ar. Av. 1726 (lyr.); εὐμοιρίας -εχούσης τὸν βίον Hdn. 2.5.1. of circumstances, etc., prevail, prevail among, engage, ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων χαλεπώτερα Hdt. 6.40, cf. 1.65; μεγάλοι θόρυβοι κατέχουσ’ ἡμᾶς murmurs are rife among us, S. Aj. 142 (anap.); φήμης ἀθρόας -σχούσης τὸ Ἑλληνικόν a sudden rumour having overspread Greece, Philostr. VA 8.15.
7. seize, occupy, in right of conquest, τὸ Καδμείων πέδον dub. in S. OC 381; esp. in histor. writers, - σχήσειν [τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ] Hdt. 5.72; τὰ πρήγματα Id. 3.143; τὰ ἐχυρά X. Cyr. 3.1.27; τὰ κύκλῳ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἁρμοσταῖς D. 18.96; φρουραῖς τὰς πόλεις Plu. 2.177d.
8. achieve, effect an object, Isoc. 2.25; πρᾶξιν Arist. Pol. 1312a33.
9. master, understand, οὐ κατέχω τί βούλει φράζειν Pl. Phlb. 26c, cf. Men. 72d, Ceb. 34; περὶ φύσεως κ. πάντας τοὺς λόγους Sosip. 1.17, cf. 33; κ. νοῦν στίχων grasp the sense of.., Puchstein Epigr.Gr. p.9. keep in mind, remember, χρήσιμον καὶ τοῦτο κατασχεῖν τὸ στοιχεῖον Epicur. Ephesians 1 p.10U., cf. Thphr. Char. 26.2, Men. Epit. 109; κ. τινὰ ὀψοφάγον Chrysipp.Tyan. ap. Ath. 1.5e; κ. ὅτι, διότι, PCair.Zen. 60.10 (iii B.C.), Phld. Herc. 1251.15: - Pass., Epicur. Ephesians 1 p.31U.
10. possess, of a god, εἰ θεός ἐστιν ὁ σὰς κατέχων φρένας PLit.Lond. 52.12; τοιοῦτος ἔρως κατεῖχε τὴν ἄνθρωπον she was so infatuated, Plu. Alc. 23; of an actor, κ. τὸ θέατρον held the audience spellbound, Plu. Dem. 29 (but, kept the audience waiting, Phoc. 19); of poets, μύθοις [τοὺς ἀκούοντας] κ. Luc. JTr. 39 (v.l. κατηχοῦσι): - mostly in Pass., of persons, to be possessed, inspired, Pl. Ion 533e; ἐξ Ὁμήρου ib. 536b; ἐκ θεῶν X. Smp. 1.10; κάρῳ Phld. D. 1.18; τὸ θέατρον κατείχετο the audience was spellbound, Eun. Hist. p.247 D.; of hydrophobia patients, Philum. Ven. 4.11; of a lover, τῷ αὐτῷ θεῷ (sc. Ἔρωτι) κατέσχημαι Luc. DMort. 19.1: - also in aor. Med., Pl. Phdr. 244e.
III
1. follow close upon, press hard, X. Cyr. 1.4.22 (dub.l.), Cyn. 6.22: - Pass., ib. 9.20. bring a ship to land, Hdt. 6.101, 7.59, Plu. 2.162a. intr., 1 (sc. ἑαυτόν) control oneself, S. OT 782; οὐκέτι καθέξω Men. Pk. 394; εἶπεν οὖν μὴ κατασχών Plu. Art. 15; οὐ κατέσχεν App. BC 3.43: c. inf., κ. τὸ μὴ δακρύειν Pl. Phd. 117c. stop, cease, of the wind, Ar. Pax 944 (lyr.).
2. come from the high sea to shore, put in (v. supr. IV), νηΐ Θορικόνδε h.Cer. 126; τῆς Μαγνησίης χώρης ἐς τὸν αἰγιαλόν Hdt. 7.188, cf. 6.101, Plb. 1.25.7, Plu. Thes. 21; τίνες ποτ’ ἐς γῆν τήνδε.. κατέσχετε; S. Ph. 221, cf. 270, E. Heracl. 83 (lyr.), Antipho 5.21, etc.: c. acc. loci, E. Hel. 1206, Cyc. 223; of a journey by land, rest, προξένων δ’ ἔν του κατέσχες; Id. Ion 551, cf. Plb. 5.71.2: metaph., εὖ κατασχήσει shall come safe to land, S. El. 503 (lyr.).
3. prevail, ὁ λόγος κ. the report prevails, Th. 1.10; κληδὼν ἐν ἁπάσῃ τῇ πόλει κατεῖχεν And. 1.130; σεισμῶν -εχόντων Th. 3.89; ὁ βορέας κατεῖχεν Arist. Mete. 345a1, cf. 360b33, Thphr. CP 1.5.1.
4. gain the upper hand, παρά τινι Thgn. 262; gain one’s purpose, Lys. 3.42; ὁ δὲ κατεῖχε τῇ βοῇ Ar. Ec. 434; νομίζοντες ῥᾳδίως κατασχήσειν Arist. Pol. 1307b10.
I
1. Med., keep back for oneself, embezzle, [ τὰ χρήματα ] Hdt. 7.164.
2. cover oneself, v. supr. A. 11.4.
3. hold, contain, Plb. 9.26a. 7.
II
1. aor. Med., = κατέχω B. 2, Od. 3.284.
2. in pass. sense, τεαῖς ῥιπαῖσι κατασχόμενος subdued, Pi. P. 1.10; καρδίαν κατέσχετο ἔρωτι was seized with, possessed by, E. Hipp. 27; v. supr. A. 11.10.
G2722 — κατέχω
imperfect κατεῖχον; 2 aorist subjunctive κατάσχω; imperfect passive κατειχομην;
1. to hold back, detain, retain;
a. τινα, from going away, followed by τοῦ μή with an infinitive, [Luk 4:42] (Buttmann, § 140, 16 β.; cf. Winer's Grammar, 604 (561)); τινα πρός ἐμαυτόν, [Phi 1:13]. Passive (as often in Greek writings from Homer down; cf. Passow, under the word, p. 1677a; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, II. 6)), of some troublesome condition or circumstance by which one is held as it were bound: νοσήματι, [Joh 5:4] (G T Tr WH omit the passage); ἐν τίνι, [Rom 7:6].
b. to restrain, hinder (the course or progress of): τήν ἀλήθειαν ἐν ἀδικία, [Rom 1:18]; absolutely, τό κατέχον, that which hinders, namely, Antichrist from making his appearance (see ἀντίχριστος); the power of the Roman empire is meant; ὁ κατέχων, he that hinders, cheeks, namely, the advent of Antichrist, denotes the one in whom that power is lodged, the Roman emperor: [2Th 2:6]f (cf., besides DeWette and Lünemann at the passage (Lightfoot in B. D. under Thessalonians, Second Epistle to the), especially Schneckenburger in the Jahrbücher f. deutsche Theol. for 1859, p. 421f). κατέχω (namely, τήν ναῦν) εἰς τήν αἰγιαλόν, to check the ship's headway (better (cf. the preceding context) "to hold or head the ship, cf. Herodotus 7, 59.188 etc.; Bos, Ellips. (edited by Schaefer), p. 318; see, too, Odyssey 11, 455f (cf. Eustathius 1629, 18; Thomas Magister, Ritschl edition, p. 310, 7ff); but Passow (as below), et al., take the verb as intransitive in such a connection, viz. to make for; cf. Kypke, Observations, 2:144) in order to land, [Act 27:40] (Xenophon, Hell. 2, 1, 29 κατασχων ἐπί τήν Ἀβερνιδα; many other examples are given in Passow, under the word, II. 3; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, B. 2)).
c. to hold fast, keep secure, keep from possession of: with the accusative of the thing, τόν λόγον, [Luk 8:15]; followed by the orat. obliq., [1Co 15:2] (Buttmann, §§ 139,58; 150, 20; Winer's Grammar, 561 (522)); τάς παραδόσεις, [1Co 11:2]; τό καλόν, [1Th 5:21]; τήν παρρησίαν (τήν ἀρχήν etc.) μέχρι τέλους βεβαίαν κατασχεῖν, [Heb 3:6], [Heb 3:14]; τήν ὁμολογίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος ἀκλινῆ, [Heb 10:23]. [Heb 10:2]. equivalent to Latinobtinere, i. e.
a. to get possession of, take: [Mat 21:38] R G; [Luk 14:9].
b. to possess: [1Co 7:30]; [2Co 6:10].