πρόσωπον, τό: pl. πρόσωπα, Ep. ( Aeol. acc. to Sch. Il. 7.212 ) προσώπατα Od. 18.192, AP 5.230 ( Maced. ), Opp. C. 1.419, etc.; dat. προσώπασι Il. 7.212: a masc. nom. πρόσωπος is cited from Pl.Com. 250: - face, countenance (cf. μέτωπον ), Hom., always in pl., even of a single person, Il. 7.212, 18.414, Od. 19.361, al. (exc. Il. 18.24 ), and so in Hes. Op. 594 (v.l. -πον ), S. Fr. 871.6 (v.infr.), El. 1277 (lyr.), OC 314, X. An. 2.6.11 (dub.), AP 9.322( Leon. ): sg. in h.Hom. 10.2, 31.12, and usu. in later writers; π. κλιθὲν προσώπῳ Simon. 37.12; εἰς π. βλέπειν E. Hipp. 280; ἐς π. τινὸς ἀφικέσθαι come before him, ib. 720; π. πρός τινα στρέφειν Id. Ph. 457; οὐκ ὄψεσθε τὸ π. μου LXX Gen 43:3, cf. UPZ 70.5 (ii B.C.); κατὰ πρόσωπον in front, facing, Th. 1.106, X. Cyr. 1.6.43, etc.; τὴν κατὰ π. τῆς ἀντίας φάλαγγος τάξιν ib. 6.3.35; κατὰ π. Αἰγύπτου facing, fronting Egypt, LXX Gen 25:18; opp. κατὰ νώτου, Plb. 1.28.9; κατὰ π. ἄγειν, opp. κατὰ κέρας ὑπεραίρειν, Id. 11.14.6, etc.; κατὰ π . in person, ἡ κατὰ π. ἔντευξις Plu. Caes. 17; κατὰ π. παραμυθήσασθαι, opp. διὰ τοῦ ψαφίσματος, IG 42(1).86.22 (Epid.); so κατὰ πρόσωπα Eudox. Ars 11.21; also πρὸς τὸ π . X. Cyn. 10.9; ἐπὶ προσώπου Ἰεριχώ in front of Jericho, LXX De. 34.1; ἔρρ’ ἐκ προσώπου Herod. 8.59; ἀπὸ π. τῆς γῆς LXX Amo 9:8; βλέπειν εἰς π. τινός regard his countenance, Ev.Mat 22:16: usu. of the face of man or God, as λειτουργῶν τῷ π. Κυρίου LXX 1Ki 2:11; οἱ ἄρτοι τοῦ π ., of shewbread, ib. 21.6: of the ibis, Hdt. 2.76; of dogs, ἀπὸ τῶν π. φαιδραί X. Cyn. 4.2; of horses, Arist. HA 631a5; of deer, ib. 579a2; of fish, Anaxandr. 30, 33.16; face of the moon, S. Fr. 871.6 (pl.), Plu. 2.920b: metaph., ἀργυρωθεῖσαι πρόσωπα . . ἀοιδαί Pi. I. 2.8 .

2. front, façade, Id. P. 6.14, cf. E. Ion 189 (lyr., pl.); κατὰ π. τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τῆς νεώς, PPetr. 3p.2 (iii B.C.), Ach.Tat. 3.1, 2; τιθέναι τὰς φιάλας ἐπὶ πρόσωπον Asclep.Myrl. ap. Ath. 11.501d .

II one’s look, countenance, A. Ag. 639, 794 (anap., pl.), Eu. 990 (anap., pl.), etc.; οὐ τὸ σὸν δείσας π . S. OT 448: metaph., φαίνοισα π. Ἀλάθεια Pi. N. 5.17 .

2. Astrol., decan considered as the domain of a planet, ἐν ἰδίοις π . Vett.Val. 62.21, Paul. Al. C. 2.

III = προσωπεῖον, mask, D. 19.287 ( -εῖον is v.l.), Arist. Po. 1449a36, b4, Pr. 958a17, Dsc. 3.144 (v.l.), Poll. 2.47; π. ὑπάργυρον κατάχρυσον IG 12.276.6, cf. 42(1).102.58,68 (Epid., iv B.C. ), Clara Rhodos 6/7.428; ὀθόνινον π . prob. in Pl.Com. 142; π. περίθετον Aristomen. 5; of the Roman imagines, Plb. 6.53.5; bust or portrait, Sammelb. 5221, OGI 432.1 (Naksh-i-Rustam, iii A.D. ).

2. dramatic part, character, Phld. Rh. 1.199S., Arr. Epict. 1.29.45 and 57; κωφὸν π . Cic. Att. 13.19.3; character in a book, τὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ὄνομα καὶ π . Plb. 8.11.5; τὸ τοῦ Ὀδυσσέως π . Id. 12.27.10, cf. Phld. Po. 5.32; also ἀστοχεῖν τοῦ π ., of an author, Callisth. 44J.; ἐπὶ προσχήματι καὶ π. δικαστῶν Ael. Fr. 168 .

person, Phld. Rh. 1.52S. (pl.); ἀδίκως μὴ κρῖνε πρόσωπον Ps.-Phoc. 10; προσώπῳ, οὐ καρδίᾳ in person, in bodily presence, 1Th 2:17, cf. 2Co 5:12; ποιεῖν or πληροῦν τὸ π. τινός to represent a person, PRein. 56.30 (iv A.D.), Sammelb. 6000ii 12 (vi A.D.); λαμβάνειν π. τινός admit a person to one’s presence, εἰ προσδέξεταί σε, εἰ λήψεται πρόσωπόν σου LXX Ma. 1.8; hence, = προσωποληπτεῖν, Ev.Luk 20:21, Ep.Gal 2:6; μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς τὸ π. μου, i.e. do not reject my prayer, LXX 1Ki 2:20; θαυμάσαι π. ἀσεβοῦς ib. Pro 18:5; ὁ θεὸς ὁ μέγας . ., ὅστις οὐ θαυμάζει π. οὐδὲ οὐ μὴ λάβῃ δῶρον ib. De. 10.17 .

2. legal personality, Bion Borysth. ap. D.L. 4.46 .

3. Gramm., person, D.T. 638.4, A.D. Pron. 3.12, etc.; γυναικεῖα π . Alex.Trall. 2 .

4. π. πόλεως a feature of the city, of a person, Cic. Fam. 15.17.2 .

5. f.l.in Zeno Stoic. 1.23 (cf. Nicol. Prog. p.4 F.).

πρόσωπον prosōpon 76x

    the face, countenance, visage, Mat 6:16-17; Mat 17:2; Mat 17:6;

    according to late usage, a person, individual, 2Co 1:11;

    hence, a personal presence, 1Th 2:17;

    from the Hebrew, πρόσωπον πρὸς πρόσωπον, face to face, clearly, perfectly, 1Co 13:12;

    face, surface, external form, figure, appearance, Mat 16:3; Luk 12:56;

    external circumstances, or condition of any one, Mat 22:16; Mar 12:14;

    πρόσωπον λαμβάνειν, to have respect to the external circumstances of any one, Luk 20:21; Gal 2:6;

    ἐν προσώπῳ, in presence of, 2Co 2:10;

    ἀπὸ προσώπου, from the presence of, from, Act 3:19; also, from before, Act 7:45;

    εἰς πρόσωπον, and κατὰ πρόσωπον, in the presence of, before, Act 3:13; 2Co 8:24;

    also, openly, Gal 2:11;

    κατὰ πρόσωπον, ἔχειν, to have before one’s face, to have any one present, Act 25:16;

    ἀπὸ προσώπου, from, Rev 12:14;     

    πρὸ προσώπου, before, Act 13:24 countenance; face.

G4383 — πρόσωπον

προσώπου, τό (from πρός and ὤψ, cf. μέτωπον), from Homer down; the Sept. hundreds of times for פָּנִים, also for אַפַיִם, etc.;

1.

a. the face, i. e. the anterior part of the human head: Mat 6:16, Mat 6:17; Mat 17:2; Mat 26:67; Mar 14:65; Luke (); (T Tr WH omit; Lachmann brackets the clause); Act 6:15; 2Co 3:7, 2Co 3:13, 2Co 3:18; (); Rev 4:7; Rev 9:7; Rev 10:1; τό πρόσωπον τῆς γενέσεως, the face with which one is born (A. V. his natural face), Jam 1:23; πίπτειν ἐπί πρόσωπον (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 27, 1 n.; 122 (116)) and ἐπί τό πρόσωπον, Mat 17:6; Mat 26:39; Luk 5:12; Luk 17:16; 1Co 14:25; (Rev 7:11 Rec.; ἔπεσαν ἐπί τά πρόσωπα, Rev 11:16; Rev 7:11 G L T Tr WH); ἀγνωυμενος τίνι τῷ προσώπῳ, unknown to one by face, i. e. personally unknown, Gal 1:22; bereaved of one προσώπῳ, οὐ καρδία (A. V. in presence, not in heart), 1Th 2:17; κατά πρόσωπον, in or toward (i. e. so as to look into) the face, i. e. before, in the presence of (see κατά, II. 1 c.): opposed to ἀπών, 2Co 10:1; with τίνος added, before (the face of) one, Luk 2:31; Act 3:13; ἔχω τινα κατά πρόσωπον, i. e. to have one present in person (A. V. face to face), Act 25:16; ἀντέστην κατά πρόσωπον, I resisted him to the face (with a suggestion of fearlessness), Gal 2:11 (κατά πρόσωπον λέγειν τούς λόγους, Polybius 25, 5, 2; add Job 16:8; but in Deu 7:24; Deu 9:2; Jdg 2:14; 2Ch 13:7, ἀντιστῆναι κατά πρόσωπον τίνος simply denotes to stand against, resist, withstand); τά κατά πρόσωπον the things before the face, i. e. open, known to all, 2Co 10:7. Expressions modelled after the Hebrew: ὁρᾶν τό πρόσωπον τίνος, to see one's face, see him personally, Act 20:25; Col 2:1; ἰδεῖν, 1Th 2:17; 1Th 3:10; θεωρεῖν, Act 20:38 (cf. θεωρέω, 2 a.); particularly, βλέπειν τό πρόσωπον τοῦ Θεοῦ (see βλέπω, 1 b. β.), Mat 18:10; ὁρᾶν τό πρόσωπον τοῦ Θεοῦ (see ὁράω, 1), Rev 22:4; ἐμφανισθῆναι τῷ πρόσωπον τοῦ Θεοῦ, to appear before the face of God, spoken of Christ, the eternal priest, who has entered into the heavenly sanctuary, Heb 9:24; in imitation of the Hebrew אֵל־פָּנִים פָּנִים we have the phrase πρόσωπον πρός πρόσωπον, face (turned (see πρός, I. 1 a., p. 541b)) to face (εἶδον τινα, Gen 32:30; Jdg 6:22): tropically, βλέπω namely, τόν Θεόν, see God face to face, i. e. discern perfectly his nature, will, purposes, 1Co 13:12; a person is said to be sent or to go πρό προσώπου τίνος (פ לִפנֵי) (cf. Winers Grammar, § 65, 4 b. at the end; Buttmann, 319 (274)), i. e. before one, to announce his coming and remove the obstacles from his way, Mat 11:10; Mar 1:2; Luk 1:76; Luk 7:27 (Mal 3:1); Luk 9:52; ; πρό προσώπου τίνος (of time) before a thing, Act 13:24 (so לִפְנֵי in Amo 1:1; Zec 8:10; where the Sept. simply πρό (cf. πρό, b., p. 536b bottom)). πρός φωτισμόν τῆς γνώσεως τῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν προσώπῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, that we may bring forth into the light the knowledge of the glory of God as it shines in the face of Jesus Christ, 2Co 4:6 (Paul really means, the majesty of God manifest in the person of Christ; but the signification of πρόσωπον is 'face,' and Paul is led to use the word by what he had said in of the brightness visible in the force of Moses).

b. countenance, look (Latinvultus), i. e. the face so far forth as it is the organ of sight, and (by its various movements and changes) the index of the inward thoughts and feelings: κλίνειν τό πρόσωπον εἰς τήν γῆν, to bow the face to the earth (a characteristic of fear and anxiety), Luk 24:5; Hebraistic phrases relating to the direction of the countenance, the look: τό πρόσωπον τοῦ κυρίου ἐπί τινα, namely, ἐστιν, the face of the Lord is (turned) upon one, i. e. he looks upon and watches him, 1Pe 3:12 (from Psa 33:17); στηρίζειν τό πρόσωπον (Hebrew שׂוּם or פָּנִים נָתַן; cf. Gesenius, Thesaurus, ii., p. 1109 on the same form of expression in Syriac, Arabic, Persian, Turkish) τοῦ πορεύεσθαι εἰς with an accusative of the place (A. V. steadfastly to set one's face to go etc. (see στηρίζω, a.)), Luk 9:51; moreover, even τό πρόσωπον τίνος ἐστι πορευόμενον εἰς with the accusative of place, Luk 9:53 (τό πρόσωπον σου πορευόμενον ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν, 2Sa 17:11); ἀπό προσώπου τίνος φεύγειν, to flee in terror from the face (German Anblick) of one enraged, Rev 20:11; κρύπτειν τινα etc. (see κρύπτω, a.), Rev 6:16; ἀνάψυξις ἀπό προσώπου Θεοῦ, the refreshing which comes from the bright and smiling countenance of God to one seeking comfort, Act 3:20 (19); on 2Th 1:9 see ἀπό, p. 59a middle; μετά τοῦ προσώπου σου, namely, ὄντα, in the presence of thy joyous countenance (see μετά, I. 2 b. β'.), Act 2:28 (from Psalm 15:11); εἰς πρόσωπον τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν, turned unto (i. e. in (R. V.)) the face of the churches as the witnesses of your zeal, 2Co 8:24; ἵνα ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων... διά πολλῶν εὐχαριστηθῇ, that from many faces (turned toward God and expressing the devout and grateful feelings of the soul) thanks may be rendered by many (accordingly, both ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων and διά πολλῶν belong to εὐχαριστηθῇ (cf. Meyer ad loc.; see below)), 2Co 1:11. ἀπό προσώπου τίνος (פ מִפְּנֵי),from the sight or presence of one, Act 5:41; Act 7:45 (here A. V. before the face; Rev 12:14); ἐν προσώπῳ Χριστοῦ, in the presence of Christ, i. e. Christ looking on (and approving), 2Co 2:10 (Pro 8:30); (some would render πρόσωπον here and in above person (cf. R. V.): — here nearly equivalent to on the part of (Vulg.in persona Christi); there equivalent to 'an individual' (Plutarch, de garrul. 13, p. 509 b.; Epictetus diss. 1, 2, 7; Polybius 8, 13, 5; 12, 27, 10; 27, 6, 4; Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. 1, 1 [ET]; 47, 6 [ET]; Phryn., p. 379, and Lobeck's note, p. 380)).

c. Hebraistically, the appearance one presents by his wealth or poverty, his rank or low condition; outward circumstances, external condition; so used in expressions which denote to regard the person in one's judgment and treatment of men: βλέπειν εἰς πρόσωπον ἀνθρώπων, Mat 22:16; Mar 12:14; θαυμάζειν πρόσωπα, Jude 1:16; λαμβάνειν πρόσωπον (τίνος), Luk 20:21; Gal 2:6 (on which see βλέπω, 2 c., θαυμάζω λαμβάνω, I. 4). καυχᾶσθαι ἐν προσώπῳ καί οὐ καρδία, to glory in those things which they simulate in look, viz. piety, love, righteousness, although their heart is devoid of these virtues, 2Co 5:12, cf. 1Sa 16:7.

2. the outward appearance of inanimate things (A. V. face (except in James as below)): τοῦ ἄνθους, Jam 1:11; τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, τῆς γῆς, Mat 16:3 (here T brackets; WH reject the passage); Luk 12:56 (Ps. 103(104):Psalms 103:30); (so in Latin, naturae vultus, Ovid. metam. 1, 6; maris facies, Vergil Aen. 5, 768; on this use of the nounfacies see Aulus Gellius, noctes atticae 13, 29); surface: τῆς γῆς, Luk 21:35; Act 17:26 (on the omitted article here cf. πᾶς, I. 1 c.) (Gen 2:6; Gen 11:8).

πρόσωπον , - ου , τό

( < πρός , ὤψ ),

[in LXX chiefly and very freq . for H6440;]

1. prop ., of persons (so always in cl .);

(a) the face, countenance: Mat 6:16-17, Mar 14:65, Luk 9:29 , 2Co 3:7, Rev 4:7, al. ; τὸ Papyri τῆς γενέτεως ( EV , natural face), Jas 1:23; πίπτει v ἐπὶ ( τὰ ) Papyri, Mat 17:6, Luk 5:12, Rev 7:11, al. ; ἀγνοούμενος τῷ Papyri, Gal 1:22; Papyri, οὐ καρδίᾳ , 1Th 2:17; κατὰ πρόσωπον ( in front, facing: Thuc ., Xen ., al .), when present, face to face, Act 25:16, 2Co 10:1 ; 2Co 10:7, Gal 2:11; id . c . gen ., as compound prep ., in the presence of (not cl .; v. Bl., § 40, 9; M , Pr., 99 f .; Thackeray, Gr. , 43 f .), Luk 2:31, Act 3:13; similarly ἀπὸ Papyri ( Heb . (H6440 מִלִּפְּנֵי ); v. Dalman, Words , 29), from the presence of, Act 3:19; Act 5:41; Act 7:45 , 2Th 1:9, Rev 12:14; Rev 20:11; πρὸ Papyri ( Heb . (H6440 לִפְנֵי ), before, Mat 11:10, Mar 1:2, Luk 7:27 ( LXX ), al. ; in other phrases resembling Heb . idiom ( Thackeray, Gr. , 42), βλέπειν ( ὁρᾶν , θεωρεῖν , ἰδεῖν ) τὸ Papyri, to see one's face, i.e . see him in person, Mat 18:10, Act 20:25; Act 20:38 , 1Th 3:10, Rev 22:4; ἐμφανισθῆναι τῷ Papyri τοῦ θεοῦ , Heb 9:24; ἐν Papyri Χριστοῦ , 2Co 2:10 ; 2Co 4:6; μετὰ τοῦ Papyri σου with thy presence, Act 2:28 ( LXX ); εἰς Papyri τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν , 2Co 8:24; στηρίζειν τὸ Papyri ( Heb . H6440 H7760: Jer 21:10, al.; v. Dalman, Words , 30), c . inf ., to set one's face towards, Luk 9:51; similarly, τὸ Papyri αὐτοῦ ἦν πορευόμενον (op. cit., 31), Luk 9:53; τὸ Papyri τοῦ κυρίου ἐπί , 1Pe 3:12 ( LXX );

(b) form, person: καυχᾶσθαι . ἐν Papyri καὶ μὴ ἐν καρδίᾳ , 2Co 5:12 ( cf. 1Sa 16:7); metaph ., as in Heb . idiom, of judgment according to appearance, external condition or circumstances (H6440 H 5387 ; v. Dalman, Words , 30; Thackeray, Gr. , 43 f .): λαμβάνειν Papyri, Luk 20:21, Gal 2:6; βλέπειν εἰς Papyri, Mat 22:16, Mar 12:14; θαυμάζειν πρόσωπα , Jud 1:16.

2. Of things ( cf. Dalman, l.c .);

(a) face, appearance (Psa 104:30): Mat 16:3 ( WH , R , mg ., om .), Luk 12:56, Jas 1:11;

(b) surface (Gen 2:6): Luk 21:35, Act 17:26.

詞類次數：名詞（78）

原文字根：向著-觀看 相當於：H6440（לִפְנֵי‎ / לִפְנָי‎ / פָּנֶה‎）

字義溯源：面前，眼前，面，貌，臉，臉上，臉面，面貌，面目，面容，容，見面，外貌，人的外貌，氣色，儀容，人，親身；由（G4314（πρός）=向著）與（G5624（ὠφέλιμος）X=容貌）組成，其中G4314（πρός）出自（G4253（πρό）*=前），而G5624（ὠφέλιμος）X出自（G3700（ὀπτάνομαι）*=注視）。這字描寫一個人的面（太6:16；林後3:7）；但在隱喻上，說到人將面伏於地，就表示他對那人的尊敬和順從（太17:6；林前14:25）。此外，說到那人的面，就表示那人在場（加1:22）。再者，保羅也說，神榮耀的光，顯叵耶穌基督的面上（林後4:6）。參讀G1491（εἶδος）同義字

同源字：1）G678（ἀπροσωπολήμπτως）不偏待人 2）G2146（εὐπροσωπέω）顯出俊美面容 3）G3359（μέτωπον）額 4）G4380（προσωπολημπτέω / προσωποληπτέω）偏心待人 5）G4381（προσωπολήμπτης / προσωπολήπτης）以貌取人 6）G4382（προσωπολημψία / προσωποληψία）偏袒 7）G4383（πρόσωπον）面前，面

出現次數：總共（76）；太（10）；可（3）；路（13）；徒（12）；林前（3）；林後（12）；加（3）；西（1）；帖前（3）；帖後（1）；來（1）；雅（2）；彼前（1）；猶（1）；啓（10）

譯字彙編：

1）面（31）太11:10；太17:6；太18:10；太26:39；可1:2；路2:31；路5:12；路7:27；路9:29；路9:51；路9:52；路9:53；路10:1；路17:16；路21:35；徒17:26；徒20:25；徒20:38；徒25:16；林前13:12；林前13:12；加1:22；加2:11；西2:1；帖前2:17；帖前3:10；帖後1:9；啓7:11；啓11:16；啓12:14；啓22:4；

2）臉（14）太6:16；太6:17；太26:67；可14:65；路24:5；林前14:25；林後3:7；林後3:13；林後3:18；林後4:6；林後11:20；彼前3:12；啓9:7；啓9:7；

3）面前（7）徒3:13；徒3:19；徒7:45；林後2:10；林後8:24；來9:24；啓20:11；

4）外貌（4）太22:16；可12:14；林後5:12；加2:6；

5）臉面（3）太17:2；啓4:7；啓10:1；

6）面目（3）帖前2:17；雅1:23；啓6:16；

7）面貌（2）徒6:15；徒6:15；

8）氣色（2）太16:3；路12:56；

9）人（2）林後1:11；猶1:16；

10）眼前的（1）林後10:7；

11）容（1）雅1:11；

12）見面時（1）林後10:1；

13）場所（1）徒5:41；

14）人的外貌（1）路20:21；

15）面容（1）徒2:28；

16）親身（1）徒13:24；

17）臉上（1）林後3:7