εἶδος, εος, τό,
(εἴδω A)
I
1. that which is seen: form, shape, freq. in Hom., of the human form or figure, esp. abs. in acc. with Adjs., εἶδος ἄριστος, ἀγητός, κακός, Il. 3.39, 5.787, 10.316; ἀλίγκιος ἀθανάτοισιν Od. 8.174; opp. φρένες, 17.454; opp. βίη, Il. 21.316; δευτέρα πεδ’ Ἀγιδὼν τὸ εἶ. Alcm. 23.58; τὸ εἶδος τῆς γυναικὸς ὑπερεπαινέων Hdt. 1.8, etc.; appearance, of a dog, Od. 17.308; ὄφιες ποικίλοι τὰ εἴδεα Hdt. 3.107; εἴδεα [τῶν θεῶν] σημήναντες Id. 2.53; γυνὴ τό γ’ εἶδος Ar. Th. 267: hence, periphr. for person, S. El. 1177; τὸ ἐπ’ εἴδει καλόν Pl. Smp. 210b. esp. of beauty of person, comeliness, εἴδεος ἐπαμμένος Hdt. 1.199; πλούτῳ καὶ εἴδει προφέρων Id. 6.127. Medic., physique, habit of body, constitution, Hp. Nat.Hom. 9, Hum. 1: more freq. in pl., Id. Aër. 3, al.; εἴδεα εὔχροά τε καὶ ἀνθηρά ib. 5.
2. generally, shape, σχῆμα καὶ εἶδος Id. Off. 3, cf. Mochl. 6, etc.; pattern, of ’figurate’ numbers, Arist. Ph. 203a15; ἡ μονὰς εἶδος εἰδῶν τυγχάνει Theol.Ar. 4, cf. 17; decorative pattern or figure, Plu. Them. 29 (pl.); of a musical scale, τοῦ διὰ τεσσάρων τρία εἰδη Aristox. Harm. p.74 M. (identified with σχῆμα, ibid.): in pl., shapes, i.e. various kinds of atoms (cf. ἰδέα), Democr. ap. Thphr. Sens. 51. Geom., δύο εἴδη τῷ εἴδει δεδομένα two figures given in species, Euc. Dat. 53, etc.; esp. in central conics, rectangle formed by a transverse diameter and the corresponding parameter, Apollon.Perg. Con. 1.14, 21, al.; also, species of numbers, of the terms in an algebraical expression involving different powers of the unknown quantity, Dioph. Def. 11.
II form, kind, or nature, τῶν ἀλλέων παιγνιέων τὰ εἴδεα Hdt. 1.94; τὸ εἶ. τῆς νόσου Th. 2.50, etc.; ἐν ἁρμονίας εἴδει εἶναι, γενέσθαι, to be or become like.., Pl. Phd. 91d, cf. Cra. 394d; ὡς ἐν φαρμάκου εἴδει by way of medicine, Id. R. 389b; νόμων ἔχει εἶδος is in the province of law, Arist. Pol. 1286a3; situation, state of things, σκέψασθε ἐν οἵῳ εἴδει.. τοῦτο ἔπραξαν Th. 3.62; plan of action, policy, ἐπὶ εἶδος τρέπεσθαι Id. 6.77, 8.56; ἐπ’ ἄλλ’ εἶδος τρέπεσθαι take up another line, Ar. Pl. 317; specific notion, meaning, idea, ἂν παρέχῃ τὸ ἓν εἶ. δύο ὀνόματα.., περὶ ἑνὸς εἴδεος δύο ὀνόματα οὐ τὰ αὐτά Aen.Tact. 24.1; department, Hp. VM 12 (but also, elementary nature or quality, ib. 15); type, sort, πυρετῶν Id. Epid. 3.12; αὐγῆς Id. Off. 3, etc.: Rhet., style of writing, τὰ εἴδη τῶν λόγων Isoc. 13.17, cf. Arist. Rh.Al. 1441b9 (pl.); later, definite literary form, Men.Rh.init., Procl. Chrest. p.243 W., EM 295.52; also, example of a style, ὅλοις εἴδεσι Isoc. 15.74; later, single poem, applied to Pindar’s odes by Sch.; also, written statement, ἀναγνωσθέντος εἴδους PAmh. 2.65.11 (ii A.D.), cf. PTeb. 287.12 (ii A.D.).
III
1. class, kind, πᾶν τὸ τῶν πίστεων εἶδος Isoc. 15.280, cf. D. 24.192: freq. in Pl., περὶ παντὸς τοῦ εἴδους.. ἐν ᾧ.. Tht. 178a; ἑνὶ εἴδει περιλαβεῖν ib. 148d; εἰς ταὐτὸν ἐμπέπτωκεν εἶδος ib. 205d, etc.; logical species, Sph. 235d; ἓν εἶδος ἀποχωρίζειν Plt. 262e; τὰς διαφορὰς ὁπόσαιπερ ἐν εἴδεσι κεῖνται, ib. 285b, al., cf. Arist. Metaph. 1057b7, al., Cat. 2b7; as a subdivision of γένος, Id. Rh. 1393a27; ἐπὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ γένους πεύκη, εἴδει διαφέρουσα, Dsc. 1.69.
2. = ἰδέα 11.2, Pl. Phd. 103e, R. 596a, Prm. 132a, al., Arist. Metaph. 990b9, al., etc.
3. form, opp. matter (ὕλη), Id. Ph. 187a18, al., Metaph. 1029a29: hence, formal cause, essence, ib. 1032b1, etc. in later Gr., wares of different kinds, goods, POxy. 109.1 (iii/iv A.D.), PFay. 34.7 (ii A.D.): hence, payments in kind, opp. χρυσίον, Just. Nov. 17.8, cf. Cod.Just. 1.4.18, al.; spices, Lyd. Mag. 3.61; groceries, Anon.post Max.p.120 L.; εἶ. ἰατρικόν drug, Hsch. s.v. νίτρον, cf. Hippiatr. 129.54 and v. ἑξάειδος, τετράειδος, τρίειδος; of a chemical reagent, Zos.Alch.p.205 B.
G1491 — εἶδος
εἴδους, τό (ἘΙΔΩ), in the Sept. chiefly for מַרְאֶה and תֹּאַר; properly, that which strikes the eye, which is exposed to view;
1. the external oppearance, form, figure, shape, (so from Homer down): [Joh 5:37]; σωματικῷ εἴδει, [Luk 3:22]; τό εἶδος τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ, [Luk 9:29]; διά εἴδους, as encompassed with the visible appearance (of eternal things) (see διά, A. I. 2), [2Co 5:7], — commonly explained, by sight i. e. beholding (Luth.:im Schauen); but no example has yet been adduced from any Greek writings in which εἶδος is used actively, like the Latin species, of vision; (στόμα κατά στόμα, ἐν εἴδει, καί οὐ δἰ ὁραμάτων καί ἐνυπνίων, Clement. homil. 17, 18; cf. [Num 12:8] the Sept.).
2. form, kind: ἀπό παντός εἴδους πονηροῦ ἀπέχεσθε, i. e. from every kind of evil or wrong, [1Th 5:22] (cf.πονηρός, under the end); (Josephus, Antiquities 10, 3, 1 πᾶν εἶδος πονηρίας. The Greeks, especially Plato, oppose τό εἶδος to τό γένος, as the Latin does species to genus. Cf. Schmidt, chapter 182, 2).