μή,

Elean μά [ᾱ] SIG 9.5 (Olympia, vi B.C.). (Cf. Skt. mâ´, Arm. mi [from I.- E. mç´ ], negative used in prohibitions): - not, the negative of the will and thought, as οὐ of fact and statement; μή rejects, οὐ denies; μή is relative, οὐ absolute; μή subjective, οὐ objective. (A few examples of μηδέ and μηδείς have been included.) in

INDEPENDENT sentences, used in expressions of will or wish, command, entreaty, warning,

1 with pres. imper., 2 pers., μή μ’ ἐρέθιζε Il. 1.32, al.; 3 pers., μή μευ πειράτω 9.345, etc.: rarely with aor. imper., μὴ.. ἔνθεο τιμῇ 4.410, cf. Od. 24.248; in Att., μὴ ψεῦσον, ὦ Ζεῦ, τῆς.. ἐλπίδος Ar. Th. 870; 3 pers., μή τις ἀκουσάτω Od. 16.301, cf. Pi. O. 8.55, P. 5.23, A. Th. 1041, S. Aj. 1180; μηδεὶς νομισάτω, προσδοκησάτω X. Cyr. 7.5.73, Pl. Rev 17:1-18 c: with pf. imper. 3 pers., μή τις ὀπίσσω τετράφθω Il. 12.272; or 2 pers. when pf. = pres., μὴ κεκράγετε Ar. V. 415.

2. with subj. (usu. 2 pers. of aor.), in prohibitions, μὴ δή με.. ἐάσῃς Il. 5.684, cf. A. Pr. 583 (lyr.), al.; μή τοί με κρύψῃς τοῦτο ib. 625, cf. S. Ph. 470; μὴ φθονήσῃς Pl. Prt. 320c: coupled with pres. imper., μὴ βοηθήσητε τῷ πεπονθότι δεινά, μὴ εὐορκεῖτε D. 21.211; 3 pers., μὴ.. γένηται Il. 4.37, cf. Od. 22.213; μὴ ματεύσῃ θεὸς γενέσθαι Pi. O. 5.24: rarely, if ever, with 2 pers. pres. subj., μὴ κάμνῃς E. IA 1143 (leg. κάμῃς); 3 pers., μή τις οἴηται, = μὴ οἰώμεθα, Pl. Lg. 861e: also with the hortative subj. used to supply the 1 pers. of the imper., pres. μὴ ἴομεν (ἴωμεν) Il. 12.216, etc.; μὴ διώκωμεν Hdt. 8.109, etc.: aor. μὴ πάθωμεν X. Cyr. 1.5.11, etc.: rarely with 1 sg., μή σε.. κιχείω Il. 1.26, cf. 21.475, 22.123, S. OC 174 (anap.). with pres. or aor. subj. in a warning or statement of fear, μὴ.. γένησθε take care you do not become, Il. 5.487; μὴ.. ὑφαίνῃσιν I fear.. may prove to be weaving, Od. 5.356; αἷμα μὴ σοῖς ἐξομόρξωμαι πέπλοις E. HF 1399: in Att. Prose, to make a polite suggestion of apprehension or hesitation, perhaps, μὴ ἀγροικότερον ᾖ τὸ ἀληθὲς εἰπεῖν Pl. Grg. 462e, cf. Tht. 188d, Arist. Pol. 1291a8, al.: in later Greek the ind. is found, μὴ ἡ ἔννοια ἡμῶν.. ἀντιλαμβάνεται Dam. Pro 20:1-30.

3. with fut. ind., a dub. usage (νεμεσήσετ ’ is subj. in Il. 15.115), μηδεμίαν ἄδειαν δώσετε Lys. 29.13; μὴ βουλήσεσθε (Pap. βούλη[σθ]ε) D. 23.117; cf. μαλακὸν ἐνδώσετε μηδέν Ar. Pl. 488.

4. with past tenses of ind. to express an unfulfilled wish, μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι Il. 9.698, cf. Od. 11.548; μή ποτ’ ὤφελον λιπεῖν τὴν Σκῦρον S. Ph. 969; εἴθε μή ποτ’ εἰδόμαν Id. OT 1217 (lyr.), cf. E. IA 70, Cyc. 186, X. Cyr. 4.6.3.

5. with opt. to express a negative wish, with pres., ἃ μὴ κραίνοι τύχη A. Th. 426, cf. Eu. 938 (lyr.): more freq. with aor., μὴ σέ γ’ ἐν ἀμφιάλῳ Ἰθάκῃ βασιλῆα Κρονίων ποιήσειεν Od. 1.386, cf. 403, 11.613.

6. in oaths and asseverations, ἴστω Ζεὺς.., μὴ μὲν τοῖς ἵπποισιν ἀνὴρ ἐποχήσεται ἄλλος Il. 10.330; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα.., μὴ.. Ποσειδάων.. πημαίνει Τρῶας 15.41; μὰ τὴν Ἀφροδίτην.., μὴ ἐγώ σ’ ἀφήσω Ar. Ec. 1000, cf. Av. 195, Lys. 917.

7. c. inf., when used as imper., μὴ δή μοι ἀπόπροθεν ἰσχέμεν ἵππους Il. 17.501; μὴ πρὶν ἐπ’ ἠέλιον δῦναι 2.413; οἷς μὴ πελάζειν A. Pr. 712.

8. freq. without a Verb, εἰ χρή, θανοῦμαι. Answ. μὴ σύ γε (sc. θάνῃς) S. OC 1441; ἄπελθε νῦν. Answ. μὴ (sc. γενέσθω) ἀλλά nay but, Ar. Ach. 458; in curt expressions, μὴ τριβὰς ἔτι (sc. ποιεῖσθε) S. Ant. 577; μή μοι σύ none of that to me! E. Med. 964; μή μοι πρόφασιν no excuses! Ar. Ach. 345; μή μοί γε μύθους Id. V. 1179.

in DEPENDENT clauses:

1 with Final Conjs., ἵνα μή Il. 19.348, etc.; ὅπως μή D. 27.5,al.; ὡς μή Il. 8.37, A. Pr. 53,al.; ὄφρα μή Il. 1.118,al.: with ὅπως ἄν and ὡς ἄν, that so, ὅπως ἂν.. μηδέ Ar. V. 178, Pl. Grg. 481a; ὡς ἂν μή Od. 4.749, Hdt. 1.5; but μή alone, = ἵνα μή, lest, ἀπόστιχε μή τινοήσῃ Ἥρη Il. 1.522, cf. 587; λίσσεσθαι.., μή οἱ.. χολώσαιτο φρένα κούρη Od. 6.147: fut. ind. and aor. subj. in consecutive clauses, Ar. Ec. 495 (lyr., dub.l.).

2. in the protasis of conditional sentences, v. εἰ (for the exceptions v. οὐ), and with temporal conjunctions used conditionally, v. ἐπειδάν, ὅταν, ὅτε, etc. ὅτι μή except, ὅτι μὴ Χῖοι μοῦνοι Hdt. 1.18, cf. Th. 4.26; ὅτι μὴ πᾶσα ἀνάγκη Pl. Phd. 67a; ὅσον μή ib. 83a; ὅσα μὴ ἀποβαίνοντες provided only that they did not disembark, Th. 4.16.

3. in later Gr., with causal Conjs., ὁ μὴ πιστεύων ἤδη κέκριται, ὅτι μὴ πεπίστευκεν Joh 3:18, cf. Luc. DMort. 21.2, D Deor. 2.1; ἐπεὶ μή Id. Hist.Conscr. 3, etc.: also after ὅτι and ὡς that, ὅτι μὴ ἐστὶν ἐπίπεδος οὕτως ἂν καταμάθοιμεν Cleom. 1.8, cf. Luc. Hist.Conscr. 29, DDeor. 20.10.

4. in relat. clauses, which imply a condition or generality, ὃς δὲ μὴ εἶδέ κω τὴν κανναβίδα whoever.., Hdt. 4.74; ὃ μὴ κελεύσει (fort. κελεύσαι) Ζεύς such a thing as.., A. Eu. 618, cf. 661, 899; λέγονθ’ ἃ μὴ δεῖ such things as one ought not, S. Ph. 583; λόγοις τοιούτοις οἷς σὺ μὴ τέρψῃ κλύων Id. Ant. 691; ὅπου μὴ ἠθέλησεν Antipho 1.7: freq. with subj., ᾧ μὴ ἄλλοι ἀοσσητῆρες ἔωσιν Od. 4.165, al.: with ἄν, S. OT 281: with opt., ἃ μὴ σαφῶς εἰδείη X. Cyr. 1.6.19, etc.: less freq. with opt. and ἄν, Pl. Phlb. 20a, Lg. 839a; γένοιτο δ’ ἂν ἐν ᾗ μή τι ἂν προσδοκήσειεν χώρᾳ ib. 872d.

5. c. inf., regularlyfrom Homer on, exc. after Verbs of saying and thinking (but v. infr. c): after ὥστε or ὡς, ὥστε μὴ φρονεῖν A. Pers. 725 (troch.), etc. (for exceptions v. οὐ): always when the inf. takes the Art., τὸ μὴ προμαθεῖν Pi. O. 8.60; τὸ μὴ ἀμελεῖν μάθε A. Eu. 86, cf. 749, Pr. 624; λείπομαι ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι S. OC 496. by an apparent pleonasm after Verbs of negative result signifying to forbid, deny, and the like, ὁ δ’ ἀναίνετο μηδὲν ἑλέσθαι Il. 18.500 (without μή ib. 450); ἀντιδικεῖν Lys. 6.12 (μηδέν) ; ἀντιλέγειν Th. 5.49, Isa 4.15 (μηδέ) ; ἀπαγορεύειν Antipho 5.34, And. 4.9; ἀπειπεῖν Ar. Av. 557, D. 33.19, etc.; ἀπαυδᾶν Ar. Eq. 1072; ἀπείργειν E. Hel. 1559, al. (without μή S. Aj. 70); ἀπιστεῖν Th. 4.40; ἀπεγνωκέναι Lys. 1.34; ἀποστερεῖσθαι Antipho 2.4.1 (μηδέ) ; ἀποτρέπεσθαι Id. 5.32 (μηδέν) ; ἀρνεῖσθαι, ἔξαρνος εἶναι, Ar. Eq. 572, Hdt. 3.67; ἐναντιωθῆναι Pl. Ap. 32b; σχεῖν Hdt. 1.158; παύειν (where the part. is more freq.) Ar. Ach. 634; κωλῦσαι E. Ph. 1269; ἐπάρατον ἦν μὴ οἰκεῖν Th. 2.17: in these cases the Art. freq. precedes μή, τὸ δὲ μὴ λεηλατῆσαι.. ἔσχε τόδε Hdt. 5.101; ἐξομῇ τὸ μὴ εἰδέναι; S. Ant. 535; εἴργειν τὸ μή.. Th. 3.1, etc.; also ἀπέφυγε τὰ σφῷν τὸ μὴ πίτνειν κακῶς S. OC 1740 (lyr.): with Art. in gen., ἔχειν τοῦ μή.. X. An. 3.5.71; ἐμποδὼν γίγνεσθαι τοῦ μή.. Id. Cyr. 2.4.23. after Verbs of saying and thinking which involve an action of will, as in those signifying to swear, aver, believe, and the like; so after ὄμνυμι, Il. 9.133, Od. 5.179, Hdt. 1.165, 2.179, Ar. V. 1047, etc.; μαρτυρῶ Lys. 7.11, D. 45.15, etc.; ὁμολογῶ Pl. Prt. 336b, Smp. 202b, cf. Phd. 93d, etc.; ἐγγυῶμαι Pi. O. 11(10).18, Pl. Prt. 336d; πέπεισμαι Id. Ap. 37a, etc.; πιστεύω And. 1.2, X. An. 1.9.8, etc.: occasionally with other Verbs, φημί Id. Mem. 1.2.39, Pl. Tht. 155a; λέγω, προλέγω, Th. 5.49, 1.139; πάντες ἐροῦσι μή.. X. Cyr. 7.1.18; νομίζω ib. 7.5.59, Th. 6.102; ἡγοῦμαι Pl. Ap. 27d: very freq. in later Gr., Mat 2:12, Luc. Peregr. 44, etc.

6. with the part., when it can be resolved into a conditional clause, μὴ ἐνείκας, = εἰ μὴ ἤνεικε, Hdt. 4.64; μὴ θέλων, = εἰ μὴ θέλεις, A. Pr. 504; μὴ δολώσαντος θεοῦ, = εἰ μὴ ἐδόλωσε, Id. Ag. 273; μὴ δρῶν, = εἰ μὴ δρῴην, S. OT 77, etc.: in a general or characteristic sense, δίδασκέ με ὡς μὴ εἰδότα, = ut qui nihil sciam, Id. OC 1155, cf. Ant. 1063, 1064; τίς πρὸς ἀνδρὸς μὴ βλέποντος ἄρκεσις; one who sees not, Id. OC 73: in this signf. freq. with the Art., ὁ μὴ λεύσσων Id. Tr. 828 (lyr.); ὁ μὴ δουλεύσας Pl. Lg. 762e; τῷ μὴ εἰργασμένῳ Antipho 5.65; τὸν.. μὴ φροντίσαντα Lycurg. 27, cf. 45, etc.: with causal significance, μὴ παρὼν θαυμάζεται S. OT 289, etc.; ἄθλια πάσχω μὴ.. μόνον βιαζόμενος Antipho 2.2.4; ἑτέρας μηδεμιᾶς ὁμολογουμένης εἶναι Isa 5:16; μηδενὸς ἐμποδὼν ὄντος D. 3.8: very freq. in later Greek, POxy. 38.16 (i A.D.), Luc. DMeretr. 12.4, etc.: occasionally after Verbs of knowing and showing, S. Ph. 79, OC 656, 797, 1122, E. Tr. 970, Th. 1.76, 2.17.

7. with Substs., Adjs., and Advbs. used generically, with or without Art., τὰ μὴ δίκαια A. Eu. 432; δίκαια καὶ μὴ δίκαια Id. Ch. 78 (lyr.); τὸ μὴ ’νδικον S. OT 682 (lyr.); τὸ μὴ καλόν Id. Ant. 370 (lyr.); ἡ μὴ ’μπειρία, = τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ἐμπειρίαν, want of experience, Ar. Ec. 115; ἡ μὴ ἐπιτροπή Pl. Lg. 966c; δῆμον καὶ μὴ δῆμον ib. 759b; ὁ μὴ ἰατρός Id. Grg. 459b; νίκης μὴ κακῆς A. Eu. 903, cf. Th. 411; τῷ φρονοῦντι μὴ καλῶς Id. Pr. 1012, cf. Ag. 349, 927.

8. after Verbs expressing fear or apprehension (cf. μὴ οὐ): when the thing feared is fut., mostly with subj.: with pres. subj., δεινῶς ἀθυμῶ μὴ βλέπων ὁ μάντις ᾖ shall proveto be.., S. OT 747, cf. Ant. 1113; ὅρα μὴ κυβεύῃς Pl. Prt. 314a: more freq. with aor., δείδοικα.. μή σε παρείπῃ Il. 1.555, cf. 9.244, 13.745: with pf., shall prove to have been, δέδοικα μὴ περαιτέρω πεπραγμέν’ ᾖ μοι S. Tr. 663, cf. Ph. 494, Hdt. 3.119, 4.140, etc.: less freq. with fut. ind., X. Cyr. 2.3.6, Ar. Ec. 488, Pl. Phlb. 13a: with opt. according to the sequence of moods and tenses: pres. opt., S. Tr. 482, X. An. 1.10.9: aor., Od. 11.634, etc.: pf., X. Cyr. 1.3.10: with fut. opt. in oratio obliqua, Id. HG 6.4.27, Mem. 1.2.7, Pl. Euthphr. 15d: with opt. and ἄν, S. Tr. 631, X. vect. 4.41. when the action is pres. or past, the ind. is used, εἰσόρα μὴ σκῆψιν οὐκ οὖσαν τίθης S. El. 584, cf. E. Ion 1523, Ar. Nu. 493, Pl. La. 196c; ὅρα μὴ παίζων ἔλεγεν Id. Tht. 145b, cf. E. Hel. 119; φοβούμεθα μὴ ἀμφοτέρων ἡμαρτήκαμεν Th. 3.53, cf. E. Or. 209, Pl. Ly. 218d; δείδω μὴ δὴ πάντα θεὰ νημερτέα εἶπεν Od. 5.300. with ind. and subj. in consecutive clauses, E. Ph. 93. in

QUESTIONS:

I direct questions,

1 with ind., where aneg. answer is anticipated (but more generally in A. Ag. 683 (lyr.), S. OC 1502, Tr. 316, Pl. Grg. 488b), in Hom. only ἦ μή..; Od. 6.200, 9.405; μή σοι δοκοῦμεν..; A. Pers. 344, cf. Pr. 249, 959, etc.: in Trag. and Att. freq. ἆρα μή; Id. Th. 208, S. El. 446, Pl. R. 405a: for questions in which μή (μηδέ) follows οὐ, v. οὐ μή. in other questions, τί μὴ ποιήσω; what am I not to do? S. El. 1276 (lyr.); τί μή; why not? Id.Aj.668 (s.v.l.); cf. μήν.

2. with subj., when the speaker deliberates about a neg. action, μὴ οὕτω φῶμεν; Pl.R.335c, cf. 337b, 417b; ὁ τοιοῦτος μὴ δῷ δίκην; D.21.35; πῶς μὴ φῶμεν; Pl.Tht.161e: with opt. and ἄν, τῶς ἄν τις μὴ θυμῷ λέγοι; how can a man help being excited when he speaks? Id.Lg.887c, cf. Grg.510d, X.Mem.3.1.10.

II

1. indirect questions, freq. where fear is implied (cf. b. 8), ἄφρα ἴδωμεν μὴ τοὶ κοιμήσωνται Il.10.98, cf. 101, Od.21.395; εἰσόμεσθα μή τι.. καλύπτει S.Ant.1253, cf. Th.2.13, etc.; also σκοπεῖσθαι τῶς ἂν μή.. Isoc.5.8, cf. 15.6; later in simple indirect quesitons, ἐπυνθάνετο μὴ ἔγνω Ant.Lib.23.5.

2. in questions introduced by εἰ, ἤρετό με.. εἰ μὴ μέμνημαι Aeschin.2.36 (εἰ οὐκ in same sense, 1.84): in the second part of a disjunctive question, εἰ.. ἢ (or εἴτε) μή.., εἴτε.. εἴτε μή.., A.Eu.468, 612, And.1.7, Pl.Rev 18:1-24 a, R.457d, X.Cyr.2.1.7; εἴτε.. εἴτε μή.., εἰ.. ἢ οὔ, εἰ.. ἢ μή without difference of meaning between μή and οὺ, Isa 8:9; so also, τοὺς νόμους καταμανθάνειν εἰ καλῶς κεῖνται ἢ μή,.. τοὺς λόγους, εἰ ὀρθῶς διδάσκουσι τὸ πρᾶγμα ἢ οὔ Antipho 5.14.

Position

1. of μή. When the neg. extends its power over the whole clause, μή prop. precedes the Verb. When its force is limited to single words, it precedes those words. But Poets sts. put μή after the Verb, ὄλοιο μή πω S.Ph.961; φράσῃς.. μὴ πέρα ib.332, cf. OC1522.

2. μή is sts. repeated, cf. οὐ C μή, μή καλέσῃς Ar.V.1418, cf. S.Aj.190, OC210 (both lyr.).

Prosody:

in Trag. μή may be joined by synizesis with a following ει or ου, μὴ οὐ, μὴ εἰδέναι, S.OT13, 221, Tr.321, etc.: initial ε after μή is cut off by aphaeresis, μὴ ʼπόθουν Id.Aj.962; μὴ ʼμβαίνῃς Id.OC400; μὴ ʼγώ Id.Ph.910: in Prose, μὴ ʼκ IG1.115.11: μή folld. by α is sts. written μἀ.. (v. μὴ ἀλλά, etc.); sts. separately, μὴ ἀδικεῖν A.Eu.85, etc. μή in

Composition, or joined with other Particles, as μὴ ἀλλά, μὴ γάρ, μὴ οὐ, μὴ ὅπως or ὅτι, μή ποτε, etc., will be found in alphabetical order.

μή mē 1,042x

    a negative particle, can function as a conj, not, for the particulars of its usage, especially as distinguished from that of οὐ, consult a grammar; as a conj., lest, that not, Mat 5:29-30; Mat 18:10; Mat 24:6; Mar 13:36; μή, or μήτι, or μήποτε, when prefixed to an interrogative clause, it expresses an intimation either of the reality of the matters respecting which the question is asked, Mat 12:23; or the contrary, Joh 4:12

G3361 — μή

the Sept. for אַל, אַיִן, אֵין, a particle of negation, which differs from οὐ (which is always an adverb) in that οὐ denies the thing itself (or to speak technically, denies simply, absolutely, categorically, directly, objectively), but μή denies the thought of the thing, or the thing according to the judgment, opinion, will, purpose, preference, of someone (hence, as we say technically, indirectly, hypothetically, subjectively). This distinction holds also of the compounds οὐδείς, μηδείς, οὐκέτι, μηκέτι, etc. But μή is either an adverb of negation, not (Latinnon, ne); or a conjunction, that... not, lest (Latinne); or an interrogative particle (Latinnum) (i. e. (generally) implying a neg. ans.; in indirect question, whether not (suggesting apprehension)). Cf. Herm. ad Vig. § 267, p. 802ff; Matthiae, § 608; Alexander Buttmann (1873) Gram. § 148 (cf. Alex. Alexander Buttmann (1873) N. T. Gr., p. 344 (296ff)); Kühner, ii. § 512f, p. 739ff; (Jelf, § 738ff); Rost § 135; Winer's § 55, 56; F. Franke, De particulis negantibus (two commentaries) Rintel. 1832f; G. F. Gayler, Particularum Graeci sermonis negativarum accurata disputatio, etc. Tub. 1836; E. Prüfer, De μή et οὐ particulis epitome. Vratisl. 1836; (Gildersleeve in American Jour. of Philol. vol. i. no. i., p. 45ff; Jebb in Vincent and Dickson's Handbook to Modern Greek, 2nd edition, Appendix, § 82ff).

I. As a negative adverb;

1. universally: ᾧ μή πάρεστι ταῦτα, where μή is used because reference is made merely to the thought that there are those who lack these things, 2Pe 1:9; ἅ μή ἑώρακεν, which (in my opinion) he hath not seen (because they are not visible), Col 2:18 (but here G T Tr WH omit; L brackets μή; cf. Lightfoot at the passage; Winer's Grammar, 480f (448)); ἤδη κέκριται, ὅτι μή πεπίστευκεν, because he hath not believed, represented by the writer as the thought τοῦ κρίναντος, Joh 3:18 (differently in 1Jo 5:10, where the faith denied is considered as something positive and actual); ἅ μή δεῖ, in the judgment of the writer, Tit 1:11.

2. in deliberative questions with the subjunctive: δῶμεν ἤ μή δῶμεν, Mar 12:14 (πότερον βίαν φωμεν ἤ μή φωμεν εἶναι, Xenophon, mem. 1, 2, 45); μή ποιήσωμεν τά κακά (for so it would have run had there been no anacoluthon; but Paul by the statement which he interposes is drawn away from the construction with which he began, and proceeds ὅτι ποιήσωμεν κτλ., so that these words depend on λέγειν in the intervening statement (Winers Grammar, 628 (583); Buttmann, § 141, 3)), Rom 3:8.

3. in conditional and final sentences (cf. Winers Grammar, § 55, 2; (Buttmann, 344ff (296ff)): ἐάν μή, unless, if not, see examples in ἐάν, I. 3 c. ἐάν etc. καί μή, Mar 12:19; ἐάν etc. δέ μή, Jam 2:14; ἐάν τίς ἴδῃ... μή πρός θάνατον, 1Jo 5:16; εἰ μή, εἰ δέ μή, εἰ δέ μήγε, etc., see εἰ, III., p. 171f. To this head belong the formulae that have ἄν or ἐάν as a modifier (Winers Grammar, § 55, 3 e.; (Buttmann, § 148, 4)), ὅς, ὅστις, ὅσοι ἄν or ἐάν μή: Mat 10:14; Mat 11:6; Mar 6:11; Mar 10:15; Luk 7:23; Luk 9:5; Luk 18:17; Rev 13:15; ὅς ἄν etc. καί μή, Mar 11:23; Luk 10:10; ὅς ἄν... μή ἐπί πορνεία, Mat 19:9 G T Tr WH text; of the same sort is πᾶν πνεῦμα, ὁ μή ὁμολογεῖ, 1Jo 4:3. ἵνα μή, Mat 7:1; Mat 17:27; Mar 3:9; Rom 11:25; Gal 5:17; Gal 6:12, etc.; ἵνα... καί μή, Mat 5:29; Mar 4:12; Joh 6:50; Joh 11:50; 2Co 4:7, etc.; ἵνα... μή, 2Co 13:10; ἵνα ὁ... μή, Joh 12:46; ἵνα (weakened; see ἵνα, II. 2) μή: after διαστέλλομαι (here L WH text ἐπιτιμάω), Mat 16:20; τό θέλημα ἐστιν, ἵνα μή, Joh 6:39; οὕτως etc. ἵνα ὁ... μή, Joh 3:16; παρακαλῶ, ἵνα... καί μή, 1Co 1:10; ὅπως μή, Mat 6:18; Act 20:16; 1Co 1:29; ὅπως οἱ... μή, Luk 16:26.

4. joined with the infinitive (Winers Grammar, § 55, 4f.; (Buttmann, §§ 140, 16; 148, 6; cf. Prof. Gildersleeve as above, p. 48f));

a. after verbs of saying, declaring, denying, commanding, etc.: ἀποκριθῆναι, Luk 20:7; ἦν αὐτῷ κεχρηματισμένον μή ἰίδειν, that he should not see, Luk 2:26; χρηματισθέντες μή ἀνακάμψαι, Mat 2:12; ὤμοσε (αὐτοῖς) μή εἰσελεύσεσθαι, Heb 3:18; after λέγω, Mat 5:34, Mat 5:39; Mat 22:23; Mar 12:18; Act 21:4; Act 23:8; Rom 2:22; Rom 12:3; κηρύσσω, Rom 2:21; γράφω, 1Co 5:9, 1Co 5:11; παραγγέλλω, Act 1:4; Act 4:18; Act 5:28, Act 5:40; 1Co 7:10; 1Ti 1:3; 1Ti 6:17; παρακαλῶ, Act 9:38 R G; ; 2Co 6:1; αἰτοῦμαι, Eph 3:13; διαμαρτύρομαι, 2Ti 2:14; εὔχομαι, 2Co 13:7; παραιτοῦμαι, Heb 12:19 (here WH text omits μή; cf. Winers Grammar, and Buttmann, as below); ἀξιῶ, Act 15:38; ἐπιβόω (L T Tr WH βόω), Act 25:24; ἀντιλέγω (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 65, 2 β.; (Buttmann, § 148, 13)), Luk 20:27 (Tr WH L marginal reading λέγω); ἀπαρνοῦμαι (which see), Luk 22:34; also after verbs of deciding: Luk 21:14; κρίνω, Act 15:19; κρίνω τοῦτο, τό μή, Rom 14:13; 2Co 2:1; θέλω, Rom 13:3; after verbs of hindering, avoiding, etc.: ἐγκόπτω (Res. ἀνακόπτω) τινα μή, Gal 5:7 (cf. Winers Grammar, (and Buttmann, as above; also § 140, 16)); τοῦ μή, that... not (Latinne), after κατέχω, Luk 4:42; κρατοῦμαι, Luk 24:16; κωλύω, Act 10:47; καταπαύω, Act 14:18; παύω, 1Pe 3:10; ὑποστέλλομαι, Act 20:20, Act 20:27; προσέχω μή, Mat 6:1; but τοῦ μή is added also to other expressions in the sense of Latinut ne, that... not: Rom 7:3; ὀφθαλμοί τοῦ μή βλέπειν, ὦτα τοῦ μή ἀκούειν, Rom 11:8, Rom 11:10. After clauses denoting necessity, advantage, power, fitness, μή is used with an infinitive specifying the thing (Buttmann, § 148, 6), καλόν ἐστι μή, 1Co 7:1; Gal 4:18; followed by τό μή, Rom 14:21; ἄλογον μή, Act 25:27; κρεῖττον ἦν, 2Pe 2:21; ἐξουσία τοῦ (L T Tr WH omit τοῦ) μή ἐργάζεσθαι, a right to forbear working, 1Co 9:6; δεῖ, Act 27:21; οὐ δύναμαι μή, I cannot but, Act 4:20; ἀνένδεκτόν ἐστι τοῦ μή, Luk 17:1 (cf. ἀνένδεκτος).

b. μή with an infinitive which has the article follows a preposition, to indicate the purpose or end: as, πρός τό μή, that... not, 2Co 3:13; 1Th 2:9; 2Th 3:8; εἰς τό μή (Latinin id... ne), to the end (or intent) that... not, Act 7:19; 1Co 10:6; 2Co 4:4; followed by an accusative and infinitive, 2Th 2:2; 1Pe 3:7; διά τό μή, because... not, Mat 13:5; Mar 4:5; Luk 8:6; Jam 4:2 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 482 (449)) (2 Macc. 4:19).

c. in other expressions where an infinitive with the article is used substantively: τῷ μή (dative of the cause or reason (cf. Winers Grammar, § 44, 5; Buttmann, 264 (227))), 2Co 2:13 (12); in the accusative, τό μή: Rom 14:13; 1Co 4:6 (R G); 2Co 2:1; 2Co 10:2; 1Th 4:6, cf. 3.

d. in sentences expressing consequence or result: ὥστε μή, so that... not, Mat 8:28; Mar 3:20; 1Co 1:7; 2Co 3:7; 1Th 1:8.

5. μή is joined with a participle (Winers Grammar, § 50, 5 g.; (Buttmann, § 148, 7; see C. J. Vaughan's Commentary on Rom 2:14)), a. in sentences expressing a command, exhortation, purpose, etc.: Luk 3:11; Joh 9:39; Act 15:38; Act 20:29; Rom 8:4; Rom 14:3; 2Co 12:21; Eph 5:27; Phi 1:28; Phi 2:4 (here Rec. imperative); 1Th 4:5; 2Th 1:8; 1Pe 2:16; Heb 6:1; Heb 13:17, etc.

b. in general sentences, in which no definite person is meant but it is merely assumed that there is someone of the character denoted by the participle: as ὁ μή ὤν μετ' ἐμοῦ, he that is not on roy side, whoever he is, or if there is any such person, Mat 12:30; Luk 11:23; ὁ δέ μή πιστεύων, whoever believeth not, Joh 3:18; οἱ μή ὁμολογοῦντες Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν if any do not confess, or belong to the class that do not confess, 2Jo 1:7; add, Mat 10:28; Luk 6:49; Luk 12:21, Luk 12:47; Luk 22:36; Joh 5:23; Joh 10:1; Joh 12:48; Joh 14:24; Rom 4:5; Rom 5:14; Rom 10:20; 1Co 7:38; 1Co 11:22; 2Th 1:8; Jam 2:13; 1Jo 2:4, etc.; πᾶς ὁ μή, Mat 7:26; (πᾶν δένδρον μή, Mat 3:10; Mat 7:19); 1Jo 3:10; 1Jo 3:2 John 9; 2Th 2:12 (here L marginal reading T Tr WH marginal reading ἅπαντες οἱ μή etc.); μακάριος ὁ μή, Joh 20:29; Rom 14:22.

c. where, indeed, a definite person or thing is referred to, but in such a way that his (its) quality or action (indicated by the participle) is denied in the thought or judgment either of the writer or of some other person (cf. especially Winer's Grammar, 484 (451)): τά μή ὄντα, that are deemed as nothing, 1Co 1:28; ὡς μή λαβών, as if thou hadst not received, 1Co 4:7; ὡς μή ἐρχομένου μου, as though I were not coming, 1Co 4:18; ὡς μή ἐφικνούμενοι εἰς ὑμᾶς, 2Co 10:14; add, 1Co 7:29. ᾔδει... τινες εἰσιν οἱ μή πιστεύοντες (according to the opinion of ὁ εἰδώς), Joh 6:64; the same holds true of Act 20:29; τά μή βλεπόμενα (in the opinion of οἱ μή σκοποῦντες), 2Co 4:18 (on the other hand, in Heb 11:1, οὐ βλεπόμενα, actually invisible); τόν μή γνόντα ἁμαρτίαν ὑπέρ ἡμῶν ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν (μή γνόντα is said agreeably to the judgment of ὁ ποιήσας), 2Co 5:21 (τόν οὐ γνόντα would be equivalent to ἀγνωυντα). in predictions, where it expresses the opinion of those who predict: ἔσῃ σιωπῶν καί μή δυνάμενος λαλῆσαι, Luk 1:20; ἔσῃ τυφλός μή βλέπων, Act 13:11. where the writer or speaker does not regard the thing itself so much as the thought of the thing, which he wishes to remove from the mind of the reader or hearer (Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2, p. 666) — to be rendered without etc. (German ohne zu with an infinitive) (cf. Buttmann, § 148, 7 b.): ἐξῆλθε μή ἐπιστάμενος, ποῦ ἔρχεται, Heb 11:8; add, Mat 22:12; Luk 13:11 ((but cf. Buttmann, § 148, 7 c.)); Act 5:7; Act 20:22; Heb 9:9. where the participles have a conditional, causal, or concessive force, and may be resolved into clauses introduced by if, on condition that, etc.: θερίσομεν μή ἐκλυόμενοι, Gal 6:9; μή ὄντος νόμου, Rom 5:13; although: νόμον μή ἔχοντες,Rom 2:14; μή ὤν αὐτός ὑπό νόμον, 1Co 9:20 (Rec. omits); we have both the negative particles in ὅν οὐκ εἰδότες (or (with L T Tr WH) ἰδόντες)... μή ὁρῶντες, whom being ignorant of (in person) (or (according to the critical text) not having seen)... although now not seeing, 1Pe 1:8; also with the article: τά μή νόμον ἔχοντα (German die doch nicht haben, they that have not, etc.), Rom 2:14; ὁ δέ μή γενεαλογούμενος, but he, although not etc. Heb 7:6; — or since, because, inasmuch as: μή ἀσθενήσας τῇ πίστει οὐ (but G L T Tr WH omit οὐ; cf. Buttmann, § 148, 14) κατενόησε τό ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα... νενεκρωμένον (οὐκ ἀσθενήσας would be equivalent to δυνατός, strong), Rom 4:19; πῶς οὗτος γράμματα οἶδε μή μεμαθηκώς; since he has not learned (Winer's Grammar, 483 (450)), Joh 7:15; add, Mat 18:25; Mat 22:25, Mat 22:29; Luk 2:45; Luk 7:30; Luk 11:24; Luk 12:47; Luk 24:23; Act 9:26; Act 17:6; Act 21:34; Act 27:7; 2Co 3:14; 2Co 5:19; also with the article: ὁ μή γινώσκων τόν νόμον, since it knoweth not the law, Joh 7:49; add, Jude 1:5.

d. where (with the participle) it can be resolved by (being) such (a person) as not, of such a sort as not: μή ζητῶν τό ἐμαυτοῦ σύμφορον, 1Co 10:33; add, Act 9:9; Gal 4:8. neuter plural as a substantive: τά μή ὄντα, Rom 4:17; τά μή σαλευόμενα, Heb 12:27; τά μή δέοντα, 1Ti 5:13; τά μή καθήκοντα, Rom 1:28; Rom 1:2 Macc. 6:4 (on the other hand, in τά οὐκ ἀνήκοντα, Eph 5:4 (where L T Tr WH ἅ οὐκ ἀνῆκεν), the οὐκ coalesces with ἀνήκοντα and forms a single idea, unseemly, unlawful).

6. in independent sentences of forbidding, dehorting, admonishing, desiring, etc., μή is Prohibitive (cf. Winers Grammar, § 56,1),Latinne, not;

a. with the 1 person plural of the subjunctive present: μή γινώμεθα κενόδοξοι, Gal 5:26; add, Gal 6:9; 1Th 5:6; 1Jo 3:18; aorist: Joh 19:24; before the word depending on the exhortation, 1Co 5:8.

b. with a present imperative, generally where one is bidden to cease from something already begun, or repeated, or continued: Mat 6:16, Mat 6:19; Mat 7:1; Mat 19:6; Mar 9:39; Mar 13:11; Luk 6:30; Luk 7:6, Luk 7:13; Luk 8:49, Luk 8:52; Luk 10:4, Luk 10:7, Luk 10:20; Joh 2:16; Joh 5:28, Joh 5:45; Joh 6:43; Joh 7:24; Joh 14:1, Joh 14:27; Joh 19:21; Act 10:15; Act 11:9; Act 20:10; Rom 6:12; Rom 11:18, Rom 11:20; Rom 12:2 (here L Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading give the infinitive), 14; 1Co 6:9; 1Co 7:5; 2Co 6:14, 2Co 6:17; Gal 5:1; Gal 6:7; Eph 4:30; Col 3:9, Col 3:19, Col 3:21; 1Th 5:19; 2Th 3:15; 1Ti 4:14; 1Ti 5:16, 1Ti 5:19; Heb 12:5; Heb 13:2; Jam 1:7, Jam 1:16; 1Pe 4:12, 1Pe 4:15; 1Jo 2:15; 1Jo 3:13; Rev 5:5, and very often.

c. with the third person (nowhere in the N. T. with the second) of the aorist imperative where the prohibition relates to something not to be begun, and where things about to be done are forbidden: μή ἐπιστρεψάτω, Mat 24:18; Luk 17:31; μή καταβάτω, Mar 13:15, and L T Tr WH in Mat 24:17 (where R G badly καταβαινέτω); μή γνώτω, Mat 6:3; γενέσθω (but T Tr WH γινέσθω), Luk 22:42; cf. Xenophon, Cyril 7, 5, 73; Aeschylus the Sept. c. Theb. 1036.

d. as in the more elegant Greek writings where future things are forbidden (cf. Herm. ad Vig., p. 807), with the 2 person of the aorist subjunctive: μή δόξητε, Mat 3:9; Mat 5:17; μή φοβηθῇς, Mat 1:20; Mat 10:26, Mat 10:31 (here L T Tr WH present imperative φοβεῖσθε) (alternating with the imperative present φοβεῖσθε in Mat 10:28 (G L T Tr)); μή ἅψῃ, Col 2:21; μή ἀποστραφῇς, Mat 5:42; μή κτήσησθε, Mat 10:9; add, Mat 6:2, Mat 6:7, Mat 6:13, Mat 6:31; Mar 5:7; Mar 10:19; Luk 6:29; Luk 8:28; Luk 14:8; Joh 3:7; Act 7:60; Rom 10:6; 1Co 16:11; 2Co 11:16; 2Th 2:3 — (in the last three examples with the third person, contrary to Winer's Grammar, 502 (467)); 1Ti 5:1; 2Ti 1:8; Rev 6:6; Rev 10:4 (μή γράψῃς, for ἔμελλον γράφειν precedes; but in Joh 19:21 μή γράφε is used, because Pilate had already written); Rev 11:2; Rev 22:10, and very often. We have the imperative present and the aorist subjunctive together in Luk 10:4; Act 18:9.

e. with the 2 person of the present subjunctive: μή σκληρύνητε, Heb 3:8, Heb 3:15 (a rare construction though not wholly unknown to Greek writings ( more than doubtful (Liddell and Scott, under the word A. I. 2)); see Delitzsch on the latter passage, and Schaefer ad Greg. Corinth., p. 1005f; (Sophocles' Lexicon, under the word μή. Others regard the above examples as subjunctive aorist; cf. 2Ki 2:10; Isa 63:17; Jer 17:23; Jer 19:15, etc.)).

f. with the optative, in wishes: in that frequent formula μή γένοιτο, Far be it! See γίνομαι, 2 a.; μή αὐτοῖς λογισθείη, 2Ti 4:16 (Job 27:5).

II. As a conjunction, Latinne with the subjunctive;

1. our that, that not or lest (cf. Winers Grammar, § 56, 2 (Buttmann, § 139, 48f; Goodwin § 46)); after verbs of fearing, caution, etc.

a. with the subjunctive present, where one fears lest something now exists and at the same time indicates that he is ignorant whether it is so or not (Hermann on Sophocles Aj. 272): ἐπισκοποῦντες, μή... ἐνοχλῇ, Heb 12:15.

b. with the subjunctive aorist, of things which may occur immediately or very soon: preceded by an aorist, εὐλαβηθείς (L T Tr WH φοβηθείς) μή διασπασθῇ, Act 23:10; by a present: φοβοῦμαι, Act 27:17; βλέπω, Mat 24:4; Mar 13:5; Luk 21:8; Act 13:40; 1Co 10:12; Gal 5:15; Heb 12:25; σκοπέω ἐμαυτόν, Gal 6:1 (Buttmann, 243 (209) would refer this to 2 b. below; cf. Goodwin, p. 66); ὁράω, Mat 18:10; 1Th 5:15; elliptically, ὁρᾷ μή (namely, τοῦτο ποιήσῃς (cf. Winers Grammar, § 64, 7 a.; Buttmann, 395 (338))): Rev 19:10; Rev 22:9.

c. with the indicative future (as being akin to the subjunctive (cf. grammatical references at the beginning)): φοβοῦμαι, μή ταπεινώσει με ὁ Θεός μου, 2Co 12:20f (L text T Tr); add, Col 2:8.

2. in order that not (Latineo consilio ne);

a. with the optative: τῶν στρατιωτῶν βουλή ἐγένετο, ἵνα τούς δεσμώτας ἀποκτείνωσι, μή τίς... διαφύγοι, Act 27:42 Rec. (the more elegant Greek to express the thought and purpose of the soldiers; but the best todd. read διαφύγῃ, which G L T Tr WH have adopted).

b. with the subjunctive aorist: preceded by the present, Mar 13:36; 2Co 8:20 (cf. Goodwin § 43 Rem.); ; Col 2:4 (where L T Tr WH ἵνα μηδείς for R G μή τίς (— an oversight; in R G as well as in the recent critical editions the purpose is expressed by an inserted ἵνα)).

III. As an Interrogative particle it is used when a negative answer is expected, Latinnum; (Winers Grammar, § 57, 3 b.; (Buttmann, 248 (213)));

1. in a direct question: Mat 7:9; Mat 9:15; Mar 2:19; Luk 17:9; Joh 3:4; Joh 4:12, Joh 4:33; Joh 6:67; Joh 7:35, Joh 7:51f; Act 7:28; Rom 3:3; Rom 9:20; 1Co 1:13; 1Co 9:8; 1Co 10:22; Jam 2:14 (1 WH); , etc.; μή γάρ (see γάρ, I.), Joh 7:41; μή οὐκ (where οὐκ belongs to the verb, and μή is interrogative), Rom 10:18; 1Co 9:4f; μή γάρ... οὐ, 1Co 11:22,

2. in an indirect question with the indicative (German ob etwa, ob wohl, whether possibly, whether perchance), where in admonishing another we intimate that possibly the case is as we fear (cf. Buttmann, § 139, 57; Winer's Grammar, § 41 b. 4 a.): Luk 11:35, cf. Buttmann, 243 (209); Ast, Platonic Lexicon, ii., p. 334f; (Riddell, Plato's Apology Digest of Idioms §§ 137, 138).

IV. The particles οὐ μή in combination augment the force of the negation, and signify not at all, in no wise, by no means; (this formula arose from the fuller expressions οὐ δεινόν or δέος or φόβος, μή, which are still found sometimes in Greek authors, cf. Kühner, ii. § 516, 9, p. 773f; but so far was this origin of the phrase lost sight of that οὐ μή is used even of things not at all to be feared, but rather to be desired; so in the N. T. in Mat 5:18, Mat 5:26; Mat 18:3; Luk 18:17; Luk 22:16; Joh 4:48; Joh 20:25; 1Th 5:3); cf. Matthiae, § 517; Kühner, ii., p. 775; Bernhardy (1829) p. 402ff; (Gildersleeve in the Amer. Jour. of Philol. for 1882, p. 202f: Goodwin § 89): Winers Grammar, § 56, 3 (Buttmann, 211 (183f)).

1. with the future indicative: οὐ μή ἔσται σοι τοῦτο, this shall never be unto thee, Mat 16:22; add, Mat 26:35; Luk 22:34 R G L; (where Rst G WH marginal reading ἀδικήσῃ); Joh 6:35 (here L Tr marginal reading πεινάσει, and L T Tr WH διψήσει); R G; Mar 13:31 T Tr WH; Heb 10:17 L T Tr WH; in many passages enumerated by Winers Grammar, 506 (472); (cf. Buttmann, 212 (183)), the manuscripts vary between the indicative future and the subjunctive aorist In a question, οὐ μή ποιήσει τήν ἐκδίκησιν; Luk 18:7 R G.

2. with the aorist subjunctive (the use of which in the N. T. scarcely differs from that of the future; cf. Winers Grammar, § 56, 3; (Buttmann, § 139, 7)), in confident assertions: — subjunctive of the 1 aorist, Mat 24:2; Mar 13:2; Luk 6:37; Joh 13:8; Heb 8:12; 1Pe 2:6; Rev 2:11; Rev 7:16; Rev 18:21, Rev 18:22, Rev 18:23; Rev 21:27, etc.; 1 aorist middle subjunctive, Joh 8:52 (where Rec. γεύσεται); thus these N. T. examples prove that Dawes made a great mistake in denying (in his Miscellanea Critica, p. 221ff (ed. (Th. Kidd) 2, p. 408f)) flint the first aorist subjunctive is used after οὐ μή; (cf. Goodwin in Transactions of American Philological Association for 1869-1870, pp. 46-55; Liddell and Scott, under the phrase, οὐ μή, I. 1 b.; Buttmann, § 139, 8); — subjunctive of 2 aorist, Mat 5:18, Mat 5:20, Mat 5:26; Mar 10:15; Luk 1:15; Luk 12:59; Joh 10:28; Joh 11:26; 1Co 8:13; Heb 13:5; Rev 3:3 (R G L Tr marginal reading WH text), and often. in questions: with 1 aorist, Luk 18:7 L T Tr WH; Rev 15:4 (in L T Tr WH with the subjunctive aorist and the future); with 2 aorist, Joh 18:11. in declarations introduced by ὅτι: with 1 aorist, 1Th 4:15; with 2 aorist, Mat 24:34 (here R G T omit ὅτι); (L T Tr WH omit ὅτι); Luk 13:35 (T WH omit; L brackets ὅτι); ; Joh 11:56; in relative clauses: with 1 aorist, Mat 16:28; Mar 9:1; Act 13:41; Rom 4:8; with 2 aorist, Luk 18:30.

3. with the present subjunctive (as sometimes in Greek authors, cf. Winer's Grammar, 507 (473)): οὐδέ οὐ μή σε ἐγκαταλείπω, Heb 13:5 Tdf. (for ἐγκαταλίπω Rec., et al.) (cf. Buttmann, 213 (184)).

G3361 — μήπου

μή ,

subjective negative particle, used where the negation depends on a condition or hypothesis, expressed or understood, as distinct from οὐ , which denies absolutely. μή is used where one thinks a thing is not, as distinct from an absolute negation. As a general rule, οὐ negatives the indic ., μή the other moods, incl. ptcp .

[In LXX for H408, H369, H371.]

I. As a neg . adv. , not;

1. with ref. to thought or opinion : Joh 3:18, Tit 1:11 , 2Pe 1:9.

2. In delib. questions, c . subjc . ( M , Pr., 185) : Mar 12:14, Rom 3:8.

3. In conditional and final sentences, after εἰ , ἐάν , ἄν , ἵνα , ὅπως : Mat 10:14, Mar 6:11; Mar 12:19, Luk 9:5 Joh 6:50, Rom 11:25, al.

4. C . inf . ( v. M , Pr., 234 f ., 239, 255),

(a) after verbs of saying, etc.: Mat 2:12; Mat 5:34, Mar 12:18, Act 15:38, Rom 2:21, al. ;

(b) c . artic. inf .: after a prep ., Mat 13:5, Mar 4:5, Act 7:19 , 1Co 10:6, al. ; without a prep ., Rom 14:13, 2Co 2:1; 2Co 2:13 , 1Th 4:6;

( c ) in sentences expressing consequence, after ὥστε : Mat 8:28, Mar 3:20, 1Co 1:7 , 2Co 3:7, al.

5. C . ptcp . ( v. M , Pr., 231 f ., 239), in hypothetical references to persons of a certain character or description: Mat 10:28; Mat 12:30, Luk 6:49, Joh 3:18, Rom 4:5, 1Co 7:38, 1Jn 3:10, al. ; where the person or thing being definite, the denial is a matter of opinion: Joh 6:64, 1Co 1:28; 1Co 4:7; 1Co 4:18 , 2Co 5:21, al. ; where the ptcp . has a concessive, causal or conditional force, if, though, because not: Mat 18:25, Luk 2:45, Joh 7:49, Act 9:26, Rom 2:14; Rom 5:13, 2Co 3:14, Gal 6:9, Jud 1:5; where the ptcp . has a descriptive force ( being such as) , not: Act 9:9, Rom 1:28, 1Co 10:33, Gal 4:8, Heb 12:27, al.

6. μή prohibitive, in indep. sentences,

(a) c . subjc . praes., 1 pers . pl .: Gal 5:26; Gal 6:9, 1Th 5:6 , 1Jn 3:18;

(b) c . imperat. praes., usually where one is bidden to desist from what has already begun ( cf. M , Pr., 122 ff .) : Mat 7:1, Mar 5:36, Luk 6:30, Joh 2:16; Joh 5:45, Act 10:15, Rom 11:18, Jas 2:1, Heb 5:5, al. ;

( c ) forbidding that which is still future : c . imperat. aor. , 3 pers ., Mat 24:18, Mar 13:15, Luk 17:31, al. ; c . subjc . aor. , 2 pers ., Mat 3:9; Mat 10:26, Mar 5:7, Luk 6:29, Joh 3:7, Rom 10:6, al. ;

(d) c . optat ., in wishes: 2Ti 4:16 ( LXX ); μὴ γένοιτο ( v. M , Pr., 194; Bl., § 66, 1), Luk 20:16, Rom 3:3, al. ; μή τις , Mar 13:5, al.

II. As a conj .,

1. after verbs of fearing, caution, etc., that, lest, perhaps ( M , Pr., 192 f .) : c . subjc . praes., Heb 12:15; c . subjc . aor. , Mat 24:4, Mar 13:5, Luk 21:8, Act 13:40, Gal 5:15, al. ; ὅρα μή ( v. M , Pr., 124, 178), elliptically, Rev 19:19; Rev 22:9; c . indic . fut . ( M , Pr., l.c .), Col 2:8.

2. in order that not: c . subjc . aor. , Mar 13:36, 2Co 8:29, 12:6.

III. Interrogative, in hesitant questions ( M , Pr., 170), or where a negative answer is expected: Mat 7:9; Mat 7:19, Mar 2:19, Joh 3:4, Rom 3:3; Rom 10:18-19 , 1Co 1:13, al. ; μή τις , Luk 22:35, al ; seq . οὐ (Rom 10:17, al. in P1.), expecting an affirm. ans.; οὐ μή , Luk 18:7, Joh 18:11.

I V. οὐ μή as emphatic negation ( cf. M , Pr., 188, 190 ff .; Bl., § 64, 5), not at all, by no means: c . indic . fut ., Mat 16:22, Joh 6:35, Heb 10:17, al. ; c . subjc . aor. , Mat 24:2, Mar 13:2, Luk 6:37, Joh 13:8 , 1Co 8:13, al.

詞類次數：副詞（675）

原文字根：不 相當於：H408（אַל‎） H3808（הֲלֹא‎ / לֹא‎ / לֹה‎）

字義溯源：否定*，不，不要，不可，不能，不是，不必，不但，不至，不說，不肯，不用，不怕，不至於，斷不，斷乎不是，沒，沒有，無，反，豈，豈是，豈能，莫非，難道，恐怕，免得，千萬不可

同源字：1）G1490（εἰ / δέ / μή / γέ）即或不然 2）G1508（εἰ / μή）若不 3）G1509（εἰ / μή / τὶς）若非有些 4）G3361（μή / μήγε / μήπου）否定，不 5）G3362（ἐάν / μή）若不 6）G3363（ἵνα / μή）免得 7）G3364（οὐ / μή）必不 8）G3365（μηδαμῶς / μηθαμο͂ς）決不 9）G3366（μηδέ）若不然 10）G3367（μηδείς / μηθείς）一個也沒有 11）G3368（μηδέποτε）永不 12）G3369（μηδέπω）尚未 13）G3371（μηκέτι）不再 14）G3378（μή / οὐ）是否 15）G3379（μήποτε）免得 16）G3380（μήπω）仍未 17）G3381（μήπως）恐怕 18）G3383（μήτε）也不 19）G3385（μήτι）豈是 20）G3387（μήτι）莫非

出現次數：總共（1029）；太（127）；可（77）；路（142）；約（112）；徒（63）；羅（79）；林前（96）；林後（48）；加（24）；弗（16）；腓（6）；西（11）；帖前（15）；帖後（11）；提前（23）；提後（4）；多（13）；門（2）；來（41）；雅（24）；彼前（13）；彼後（5）；約壹（20）；約貳（5）；約叄（2）；猶（3）；啓（47）

譯字彙編：

1）不（358）數量太多，不能盡錄；

2）不要（178）數量太多，不能盡錄；

3）不可（80）太5:34；太5:42；太6:1；太6:2；太6:7；太18:10；太19:6；太23:23；太26:5；可10:19；可10:19；可10:19；可10:19；可10:19；可14:2；路11:42；路13:14；路18:20；路18:20；路18:20；路18:20；約7:24；約13:8；徒4:18；徒5:28；徒5:40；徒10:15；徒11:9；徒15:19；徒15:38；徒23:9；羅2:21；羅11:18；羅11:20；羅12:11；羅12:14；羅13:13；羅13:13；羅13:13；羅14:3；羅14:3；羅14:15；羅14:16；羅14:20；林前5:8；林前5:9；林前5:11；林前7:5；林前7:10；林前7:11；林前16:11；林後11:16；加4:30；加5:13；加6:9；弗4:26；弗4:29；帖後3:13；提前1:3；提前3:6；提前5:1；提前5:16；提前6:2；多2:9；多2:10；來10:25；來10:35；來12:5；來12:25；來13:2；來13:16；雅2:1；雅2:11；雅2:11；彼前4:15；彼後3:8；啓7:3；啓9:4；啓10:4；啓22:10；

4）免（46）太26:5；太26:41；可3:9；可14:38；路16:28；路18:5；路22:46；約5:14；約6:12；約7:23；約12:35；約12:40；約12:42；約18:28；約19:31；羅11:25；羅15:20；林前1:15；林前1:17；林前4:6；林前7:5；林前8:13；林前9:12；林前9:18；林前11:32；林前16:2；林後2:5；林後2:7；林後2:11；林後8:20；林後9:3；林後10:9；弗2:9；帖前4:13；提前3:6；提前3:7；提前6:1；來3:13；來4:11；來12:3；雅5:9；雅5:12；彼後3:17；啓16:15；啓18:4；啓18:4；

5）沒有（41）太8:28；太10:23；太18:13；太24:2；可9:1；可9:9；可12:19；可12:21；可13:2；路7:30；路10:19；路22:35；約3:2；約7:15；約14:2；約15:22；約15:24；約20:29；約21:5；徒8:31；徒12:19；徒26:32；羅5:14；羅10:15；羅10:20；羅10:20；林前1:7；林前7:30；林前14:7；林後3:14；林後12:21；西2:18；多1:6；來4:2；來11:13；彼前3:7；彼後1:9；約壹3:14；約壹4:8；啓8:12；啓13:17；

6）沒（40）太9:36；太13:6；太18:25；太22:12；太22:23；太22:24；太22:25；太25:29；可4:6；可6:34；可8:1；可12:18；路3:11；路7:42；路8:18；路11:36；路19:26；路20:27；路22:36；徒23:8；羅2:14；羅2:14；羅4:17；羅5:13；林前1:10；林前7:29；林前7:37；林前11:22；林前12:25；林前13:1；林前13:2；林前13:3；林前14:28；弗2:12；弗5:27；帖前4:13；雅2:14；雅2:17；約壹5:12；猶1:19；

7）非（22）太12:29；太26:42；可2:26；可3:27；可9:29；路10:22；路10:22；約5:19；約10:10；羅7:7；羅14:14；林前2:11；林前2:11；林前10:13；林前15:2；加6:14；帖後2:3；提前5:19；啓2:17；啓13:17；啓19:12；啓21:27；

8）了（20）可5:37；可6:4；可6:8；可8:14；可11:13；路4:27；路5:21；路6:4；路8:51；路11:29；路17:18；路18:19；約6:22；約13:10；約17:12；約19:15；羅13:8；林前1:14；林前8:4；林後12:13；

9）不是（20）太11:27；太11:27；可2:7；可13:20；約6:44；約19:11；羅7:7；羅9:29；羅11:15；羅11:23；羅13:1；林前4:7；林前12:3；林後4:7；林後4:18；腓3:9；來3:18；彼前5:2；約壹2:22；約壹5:5；

10）不能（20）太5:26；可10:15；可14:31；路9:45；路12:59；路18:17；約9:39；徒7:19；徒9:9；徒13:11；羅11:8；羅11:8；林前1:29；林後3:13；林後4:4；加5:17；帖前4:15；啓18:21；啓18:22；啓18:23；

11）豈（18）可2:19；路5:34；約3:4；約10:21；羅10:18；羅10:19；林前10:22；林前12:29；林前12:29；林前12:29；林前12:29；林前12:30；林前12:30；林前12:30；林後3:1；林後12:17；雅2:14；雅3:12；

12）免得（15）太24:4；可13:5；路11:35；路22:40；約11:50；徒5:26；徒13:40；徒27:42；林前10:12；林後12:6；林後12:21；加6:1；西2:8；帖前2:9；帖後3:8；

13）難道（12）約4:12；約7:35；約7:47；約7:52；約8:53；約9:40；徒7:28；羅3:3；羅9:14；羅11:11；林前9:9；林前11:22；

14）斷不（12）羅3:4；羅3:6；羅3:31；羅6:2；羅6:15；羅7:7；羅7:13；羅11:11；林前6:15；加2:17；加3:21；加6:14；

15）獨（8）太12:4；太24:36；可13:32；路4:26；約6:46；徒11:19；林前2:2；腓4:15；

16）怕（8）可2:21；可2:22；路8:12；約3:20；徒23:10；林前8:9；西3:21；帖前3:5；

17）不得（7）太18:3；路13:35；羅11:10；帖前2:15；來11:28；啓20:3；啓21:27；

18）不會（6）太10:42；太26:35；路6:37；路6:37；路12:33；林前4:18；

19）未（6）太16:28；路2:26；路9:27；約13:38；林後2:13；來9:8；

20）也不（5）可6:8；可6:8；羅7:3；林前4:5；提前3:11；

21）恐（5）徒24:4；徒27:17；林前9:27；林後12:20；加2:2；

22）豈是（5）約7:41；徒7:42；羅3:5；林前1:13；林前9:8；

23）不用（5）太15:6；林後9:4；林後13:10；來8:11；啓2:10；

24）不致（4）腓2:27；多3:14；來12:13；約壹2:28；

25）反（4）太7:9；太7:10；路11:11；路11:11；

26）卻不（3）路9:33；提前1:7；雅1:26；

27）以外（3）太16:4；太17:8；林後12:5；

28）就不可（3）來3:15；來4:7；雅3:14；

29）以免（3）來12:15；來12:15；來12:16；

30）恐怕（3）可13:36；路5:36；路5:37；

31）不叫（2）太5:29；太5:30；

32）斷沒（2）羅9:14；羅11:1；

33）避免（2）林後2:3；加6:12；

34）就不（2）來3:8；來11:40；

35）不至（2）約3:16；彼前2:6；

36）難道⋯麼（2）約6:67；約7:51；

37）切不可（2）啓19:10；啓22:9；

38）就不要（2）林前7:18；林前7:18；

39）無（2）林前1:28；帖前1:8；

40）之外（2）太13:57；可10:18；

41）決（2）路8:17；徒25:24；

42）不使（2）太6:13；太17:27；

43）既不（2）可12:24；林後4:2；

44）除了（2）太12:39；林後2:2；

45）不再（2）太23:39；啓9:20；

46）既不可（1）西2:21；

47）不必（1）來6:1；

48）不讓（1）西2:16；

49）都不可（1）帖前5:15；

50）就不再（1）提前1:20；

51）豈不（1）太9:17；

52）不容（1）來3:18；

53）都不（1）來9:9；

54）仍不（1）來11:8；

55）豈⋯麼（1）路17:9；

56）非是（1）太15:24；

57）不⋯是（1）雅1:22；

58）莫非⋯嗎（1）路10:15；

59）豈⋯呢（1）太9:15；

60）是不可（1）雅5:12；

61）不只（1）約壹3:18；

62）並不是（1）來11:3；

63）只怕（1）加5:15；

64）還不（1）徒5:7；

65）莫（1）太5:17；

66）不過（1）太5:13；

67）不被（1）羅4:8；

68）無人（1）徒1:20；

69）不然（1）約14:11；

70）豈能（1）約7:31；

71）不了（1）路17:1；

72）莫非（1）約9:27；

73）豈可（1）羅9:20；

74）豈非（1）羅11:1；

75）恐有（1）林後12:20；

76）外（1）加1:19；

77）是（1）加2:16；

78）這樣（1）太6:1；

79）不至於（1）林後6:9；

80）也不要（1）可6:9；

81）尚（1）林前3:2；

82）惟（1）可9:8；

83）好使（1）林前11:34；

84）若不（1）加6:9