παρίστημι,

causal in pres., impf., fut., and aor.1; later pf. παρέστᾰκα in same sense, PTeb. 5.196 (ii B.C.), Plb. 3.94.7, S.E. M. 7.273, etc.

I cause to stand, place beside, π. τοὺς ἱππεῖς ἐφ’ ἑκάτερον τὸ κέρας Plb. 3.72.9, cf. 3.113.8; παραστήσας τὰ ὅπλα having brought his arms into view, D. 18.175; π. τινὰ φυλάττειν set one near a thing to guard it, v.l. in Id. 49.35; π. σορὸν σορῷ Anatolian Studies p.204 (Termessus).

II set before the mind, present, ὑπόθεσιν.. οὐ χὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες ὑμῖν D. 3.1; τοῦτο π. τοὺς θεοὺς ὑμῖν that they may put this into your minds, Id. 18.1; τὸ δεινὸν π. τοῖς ἀκούουσιν Id. 21.72; π. ἐλπίδας, ὁτιοῦν τῶν δεινοτάτων, Id. 19.333, 21.15; arouse, inspire, οὐ γὰρ ἡ πληγὴ παρέστησε τὴν ὀργὴν ἀλλ’ ἡ ἀτιμία ib.72; π. φόβον καὶ ἀπορίαν ταῖς πόλεσι Plb. 3.94.7; π. ὁ κίνδυνος διαλογισμόν, μὴ.. Aeschin. 2.159: so τοῦτο π. ὑμῖν γνῶναι prompt you to that decision, D. 18.8; π. τινὶ θαρρεῖν give one confidence, v.l. in Aeschin. 1.174; π. τινί c. inf., put it into his head to.., Paus. 9.14.6; also π. τινὶ ὅτι or ὡς.., X. Oec. 13.1, Pl. R. 600c.

2. dispose a person, πρὸς μελαγχολίας Phld. Ir. p.28 W., cf. Mus. p.73 K.; also Ἀθηναίους ἄλλα παρέστησεν ὡς ἥρωα τιμᾶν Θησέα Plu. Thes. 35: - also in Pass., V. B. V. 1.

3. of a Poet, represent, describe, τὸν Νέστορα παρέστησε [ὁ ποιητὴς] πείθοντα Phld. Hom. p.65 O., cf. Ath. 3.110f, 4.133b; δι’ ἐτυμολογίας Corn. ND 1: - Pass., παριστάσθω ὅτι.. let it be stated that.., S.E. M. 7.310.

4. furnish, supply, deliver, PCair.Zen. 790.10 (iii B.C.), PTeb. 5.196 (ii B.C.), Abh. Berl.Akad. 1925(5).31 (Cyrene).

5. make good, prove, show, τι πολλοῖς τεκμηρίοις Lys. 12.51, cf. Act 24:13; καθάπερ προϊόντες -στήσομεν Phld. Ir. p.85 W., cf. Mus. p.37 K.

6. c. acc. pers., present, offer, ἑαυτοὺς τῷ θεῷ, ἑαυτοὺς δούλους εἰς ὑπακοήν, Rom 6:13; Rom 6:16. commend, βρῶμα ἡμᾶς οὐ παραστήσει τῷ θεῷ 1Co 8:8.

7. render, [ ἡ πίσσα] τὸν οἶνον ἔὔποτον παρίστησι ταχέως Plu. 2.676c.

8. in later Greek, as in Med. (V. C. 1), produce in court, etc., BGU 759.22 (ii A.D.), etc.: - Pass., Sammelb. 4512.82 (ii B.C.), etc.

III set side by side, compare, [πόλεις] μικρὰς μεγάλαις Isoc. 12.40. - The use of these act. tenses occurs in Pl.l.c., but first becomes common in Oratt. Pass., with aor. 2, pf. and plpf. Act., intr.:

I stand by, beside, or near, θέων δέ οἱ ἄγχι παρέστη Il. 15.442, cf. 483; ἀμφίπολος δ’ ἄρα οἱ κεδνὴ ἑκάτερθε παρέστη Od. 1.335, cf. 8.218, 18.183; ἑξείης πάντεσσι παρίστασαι, of a beggar, 17.450; οὐδ’ ἄρα οἵ τις ἀνουτητί γε παρέστη Il. 22.371; ζωγράφῳ παρεστηκυῖα, of a painter’s model, X. Mem. 3.11.2: freq. in part. παραστάς with a Verb, εἶπε παραστάς Il. 12.60; οὖτα π. 20.472; παρασταθείς, v.l. for κατασταθείς, E. Or. 365.

2. stand by, i.e. help, defend, τινι Il. 10.279, etc.; Τρωσὶ παρεστάμεναι καὶ ἀμύνειν 21.231, cf. 15.255; Ὀδυσῆϊ π. ἠδ’ ἐπαρήγει 23.783, cf. Hes. Th. 439, Hdt. 1.87, etc.; π. τινὶ χερσί S. Aj. 1384; βοηθοὶ π. X. Cyr. 5.3.19; οὐ παρέστη οὐδ’ ἐβοήθησεν D. 45.64.

II more freq. in past tenses, to have come, δεῦρο παρέστης Il. 3.405; to be at hand, νῆες δ’ ἐκ Λήμνοιο παρέστασαν 7.467, etc.

2. of events, to be near, be at hand, ἀλλά τοι ἤδη ἄγχι παρέστηκεν θάνατος 16.853; κακὴ Διὸς αἶσα παρέστη ἡμῖν Od. 9.52, cf. 16.280: in fut. Med., σοὶ..παραστήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν μοῖρ’ ὀλοή 24.28; ἐάν του καιρὸς ἢ χρεία παραστῇ D. 21.101, cf. 73: freq. in pf., παρέστηχ’ ὡς ἔοικ’ ἀγὼν μέγας E. Hec. 229, cf. Med. 331; in part., τὸ χρῶμα τὸ παρεστηκός Ar. Eq. 399; ὁ νῦν παρεστηκὼς ἡμῖν λόγος Pl. Lg. 962d: in Att. form παρεστώς, ῶσα, ός, th=s parestw/shs no/sou S. Ph. 734; τοῦ π. θέρους ib. 1340; τὰς παρεστώσας τύχας E. Or. [1024]; τὰ παρεστῶτα present circumstances, τὰ λῷστα, κράτιστα τῶν π., A. Ag. 1053, Pr. 218; πρὸς τὸ παρεστός Ar. Eq. 564; πρὸς τὸ παριστάμενον X. Eq.Mag. 9.1.

III come to the side of another, come over to his opinion, παραστῆναι ἐς τῶν Περσέων τὴν γνώμην Hdt. 6.99: abs., come to terms, surrender, submit, Id. 3.13, 5.65, 6.140; οἱ πολέμιοι παραστήσονται Id. 3.155; τῷ πολέμῳ παραστῆναι D. 22.15, cf. EM 653.2. happen to one, τῷ δὴ λέγουσι.. θῶμα μέγιστον παραστῆναι Hdt. 1.23; τὸ φρονεῖν ἀλλοῖα παρίσταται Emp. 108; esp. come into one’s head, occur to one, τὼς νόος ἀνθρώποισι παριστᾶται Parm. 16.2; δόξα μοι παρεστάθη ναοὺς ἱκέσθαι S. OT 911; δόξα π. τινὶ ὥστε.. Pl. Phd. 66b; σοὶ τοῦτο παρέστηκεν, ὡς.. Id. Phdr. 233c; π. θαῦμα, γνώμη, And. 2.2, 24 (s.v.l.); ἔκπληξις παρέστη Th. 8.96: impers., παρίσταταί μοι it occurs to me; τῷ οὐ παραστήσεται.. τεθνάναι βούλεσθαι to whom it will not occur to wish for death, Hdt. 7.46: folld. by ὡς, Th. 4.61, 95, Lys. 12.62, etc.: c. inf., Id. 7.17; οὐχὶ παρίσταταί μοι ταὐτὰ γιγνώσκειν D. 3.1: c. acc. et inf., Lys. 21.12, Pl. Phd. 58e; part., τὸ παριστάμενον that which comes into one’s head, a thought, Luc. Cont. 13; ἐκ τοῦ π. λέγειν speak offhand, Plu. Dem. 9, cf. Gal. 14.295. to be disposed, πρὸς τὰς πράξεις Phld. Mus. p.71 K.; εἰρηνικῶς παρεστ ώτων Id. Hom. p.45 O.

2. collect oneself, παραστῆναι πρὸς τὸν κίνδυνον D.S. 17.43; τῷ θυμῷ παραστάς ib. 99; π. πρὸς τὴν ἀπολογίαν Plu. Alc. 19; παρεστηκότες ταῖς γνώμαις Arr. Fr. 161 J.

3. metaph., οἶνος παρίσταται the wine improves, becomes fit for drinking, opp. ἐξίσταται, Thphr. CP 6.14.10, cf. Dsc. 5.8. of a crop, to be ripe, ὅταν ὁ πρώϊμος σπόρος παραστῇ OGI 56.68 (Egypt, iii B. C.); so prob. ἡ γῆ παρέστηκεν PLille 8.5 (iii B. C.).

παρεστηκέναι φρενῶν to be beside oneself, lose one’s wits, Plb. 18.53.6; π. ταῖς διανοίαις Id. 14.5.7, etc.; ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον π. Id. 22.8.13; cf. παρεξίστημι 11.

2. to be passionately devoted to, ἵπποισι παρεστεῶτες Hp. 17. abs., παρεστηκός, = παρόν, since it was in their power, since the opportunity offered, Th. 4.133. Some tenses of Med., pres. and impf. sts., fut. and aor. I almost always (for exceptions, v. supr. B. 11.2, III, iv), are used in causal sense:

I set by one’s side, bring forward, produce, π. ἱερεῖα X. An. 6.1.22; esp. in a court of justice, τοὺς παῖδας παραστησάμενοι Lys. 20.35; παιδία παραστήσεται (of a culprit) D. 21.99; ταῦτα παραστησάμενος ib.187; μάρτυρας παρίστανται Isa 4.13, etc.; παραστήσασθαί τινα produce him as witness, Id. 9.9, D. 34.28, etc.; π. τινὰ εἰς κρίσιν Pl. R. 555b.

2. commend, τινί τινα J. AJ 15.7.3.

II bring to one’s side, bring over by force, bring to terms, ἀέκοντας παραστήσασθαι Hdt. 8.80; π. βία S. OC 916; π. πολιορκίᾳ Th. 1.98; πολιορκοῦντας π. ὁμολογίᾳ ib. 29: abs., π. τινά, π. πόλιν, Hdt. 3.45, Th. 1.124, etc.; τοὺς οἰκοῦντας τὴν Ἀττικὴν π. εἰς φορὰν δασμοῦ Pl. Lg. 706b.

2. generally, dispose for one’s own views or purposes, τινὰ παραστήσασθαι οὕτως ὥστε.. so to dispose a person that.., Hdt. 4.136; ἑαυτοὺς πρὸς τὴν μάχην Plb. 3.109.9; dispose, induce a person, πρὸς τὸ κοινωνεῖν Id. 29.3.5: c. acc. et inf., Chio Eph 3:1-21.

παριστάνω,

= sq. (q.v.), Plb. 3.96.3, 3.113.8, Phld. Sign. 29, Rom 6:13, etc.: - also παριστάω, A.D. Synt. 272.13 (v.l.), S.E. P. 2.42, 108, etc.: - Pass., παριστᾶται Parm. 16.2; cf. παραστάνω.

παρίστημι paristēmi 41x

pluperfect, παρειστήκειν, also formed as παριστάνω,

    trans. to place beside; to have in readiness, provide, Act 23:24;

    to range beside, to place at the disposal of, Mat 26:53; Act 9:41;

    to present to God, dedicate, consecrate, devote, Luk 2:22; Rom 6:13; Rom 6:19;

    to prove, demonstrate, show, Act 1:3; Act 24:13;

    to commend, recommend, 1Co 8:8;

    intrans. perf. παρέστηκα, part. παρεστώς, pluperf. παρειστήκειν, 2 aor. παρέστην, and mid.,

    to stand by or before, Act 27:24; Rom 14:10;

    to stand by, to be present, Mar 14:47; Mar 14:69-70;

    to stand in attendance, attend, Luk 1:19; Luk 1:24;

    of time, to be present, have come, Mar 4:29;

    to stand by in aid, assist, support, Rom 16:2 offer; place; present; stand.

G3936 — παριστάνω

see παρίστημι.

G3936 — παρίστημι

1. The present, imperfect, future and 1 aorist active have a transitive sense (the Sept. chiefly for הֶעֱמִיד), a. to place beside or near (παρά, IV. 1); to set at hand; to present; to proffer; to provide: κτήνη, Act 23:24 (σκάφη, 2 Macc. 12:3); τινα or τί τίνι, to place a person or tiring at one's disposal, Mat 26:53; to present a person for another to see and question, Act 23:33; to present or show, τινα orτί with an accusative of the quality which the person or thing exhibits: οἷς παρέστησεν ἑαυτόν ζῶντα, Act 1:3; add, Rom 6:13, Rom 6:16, Rom 6:19; 2Co 11:2; Eph 5:27; 2Ti 2:15 (te vegetum nobis in Graeeia siste, Cicero, ad Att. 10, 16, 6); τινα with a predicate accusative followed by κατενώπιον τίνος, Col 1:22; ἑαυτόν ὡς (ὡσεί) τινα τίνι, Rom 6:13; to bring, lead to, in the sense of presenting, without a dative: Act 9:41; Col 1:28. of sacrifices or of things consecrated to God: τά σώματα ὑμῶν θυσίαν... τῷ Θεῷ, Rom 12:1 (so also in secular authors: Polybius 16, 25, 7; Josephus, Antiquities 4, 6, 4; Lucian, deor. concil. 13; Latinadmoveo, Vergil Aen. 12, 171; sisto, Stat. Theb. 4, 445); τινα (a firstborn) τῷ κυρίῳ, Luk 2:22; to bring to, bring near, metaphorically, i. e. to bring into one's fellowship or intimacy: τινα τῷ Θεῷ, 1Co 8:8; namely, τῷ Θεῷ, 2Co 4:14.

b. to present (show) by argument, to prove: τί, Act 24:13 (Epictetus diss. 2, 23, 47; followed by πῶς, id. 2, 26, 4; τίνι τί, Xenophon, oec. 13, 1; τίνι, ὅτι, Josephus, Antiquities 4, 3, 2; de vita sua §6).

2. Middle and perfect, pluperfect, 2 aorist active, in an intransitive sense (the Sept. chiefly for עָמַד, also for נִצַּב), to stand beside, stand by or near, to be at hand, be present;

a. universally, to stand by: τίνι, to stand beside one, Act 1:10; Act 9:39; Act 23:2; Act 27:23; ὁ παρεστηκώς, a by-stander, Mar 14:47, Mar 14:69 (here T Tr WH παρεστῶσιν); (here Tdf. παρεστωτων, WH marginal reading ἑστηκότων), ; Joh 18:22 (L marginal reading Tr marginal reading παρεστωτων); ὁ παρεστως, Mar 14:70; Joh 19:26 (here anarthrous).

b. to appear: with a predicate nominative followed by ἐνώπιον τίνος, Act 4:10 (A. V. stand here); before a judge, Καίσαρι, Act 27:24; middle τῷ βήματι τοῦ Θεοῦ (R G Χριστοῦ), Rom 14:10.

c. to be at hand, stand ready: of assailants, absolutely, Act 4:26 (A. V. stood up) (from Psa 2:2); to be at hand for service, of servants in attendance on their master (Latinappareo), τίνι, Est 4:5; ἐνώπιον τίνος, 1Ki 10:8; ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, of a presence-angel (A. V. that stand in the presence of God), Luk 1:19, cf. Rev 8:2.; absolutely, οἱ παρεστῶτες, them that stood by, Luk 19:24; with αὐτῷ added (viz. the high-priest), Act 23:2, Act 23:4.

d. to stand by to help, to succor (German beistehen): τίνι, Rom 16:2; 2Ti 4:17 (Homer, Iliad 10, 290; Hesiod th. 439; Aristophanes vesp. 1388; Xenophon; Demosthenes, p. 366, 20; 1120, 26, and in other authors).

e. to be present; to have come: of time, Mar 4:29.

παρ - ίστημι ,

[in LXX for H5975, etc.;]

I. Transitive verb. in present tense., imperfect., future tense., 1 aorist.;

1. to place beside, present, provide: c . acc , Act 9:41; Act 23:24 , 2Co 4:14, Col 1:28; c . acc et dat ., Mat 26:53, Luk 2:22, Act 1:3; Act 23:33 , 1Co 8:8; seq . acc pred., Rom 6:13; Rom 6:16 (late pres., παριστάνετε ), Rom 6:19; Rom 12:1, 2Co 11:2, Eph 5:27, Col 1:22, 2Ti 2:15.

2. to present to the mind ( cl .) : by argument, to prove ( Xen ., FlJ , al. ), c . acc , Act 24:13.

II. Intransitive. in perfect., pluperfect., 2 aorist.;

1. to stand by or beside one : c. dat. pers ., Act 1:10; Act 9:39; Act 23:2; Act 27:23; ptcp ., Mar 14:47; Mar 14:69-70; Mar 15:35; Mar 15:39 Joh 18:22; Joh 19:26.

2. to appear: c . nom . pred., seq . ἐνώπιον , Act 4:10; c. dat. pers ., Act 27:24; so fut . mid . (of. LS , s.v. , B , ii, 2), Rom 14:10.

3. to be at hand, be present, have come: Act 4:26 ( LXX ); of servants in attendance, ἐνώπι o ν τ . θεοῦ , Luk 1:19; absol. , o ἱ παρεστῶτες , Luk 19:24; seq . αὐτῷ , Act 23:2; Act 23:4; of time, Mar 4:29.

4. to stand by for help or defence ( Hom ., Dem ., Xen ., al. ): c. dat. pers ., Rom 16:2, 2Ti 4:17. †

παρ - ιστάνω , see παρίστημι .

詞類次數：動詞（41）

原文字根：在旁-站 向上 相當於：H3320（יָצַב‎ / צָבַע‎） H5324（הֻצַּב‎ / נָצַב‎ / נִצָּב‎） H5975（עָמַד‎）

字義溯源：站在旁邊，旁邊站著，放在旁邊，站在面前，引到面前，站，獻，獻給，獻上，差遣，交出來，交由別人處理，使復蘇，顯示，顯給⋯看，預備，證實，看中，幫助，求助；由（G3844（παρά）*=旁，出於）與（G2476（ἵστημι）*=站）組成。參讀G1279（διαπορεύομαι） G1448（ἐγγίζω） G3908（παρατίθημι）同義字

出現次數：總共（42）；太（1）；可（6）；路（3）；約（2）；徒（13）；羅（8）；林前（1）；林後（2）；弗（1）；西（2）；提後（3）

譯字彙編：

1）旁邊站著的人（5）可14:47；可14:69；可14:70；可15:35；徒23:2；

2）站在⋯旁邊（4）徒1:10；徒9:39；徒27:23；提後4:17；

3）獻給（4）羅6:13；羅6:13；羅6:19；林後11:2；

4）獻上（3）羅12:1；林後4:14；提後2:15；

5）獻（2）路2:22；西1:22；

6）站（2）路1:19；徒4:10；

7）站在⋯面前（1）徒27:24；

8）引到⋯面前（1）徒23:33；

9）站著（1）可15:39；

10）顯給⋯看（1）徒1:3；

11）你們曾⋯獻給（1）羅6:19；

12）我們⋯前（1）羅14:10；

13）站在⋯前（1）提後4:22；

14）我們可以⋯獻上（1）西1:28；

15）他⋯獻給（1）弗5:27；

16）你們⋯幫助（1）羅16:2；

17）差遣⋯來麼（1）太26:53；

18）看中（1）林前8:8；

19）站在旁邊的（1）徒23:4；

20）交出來（1）徒9:41；

21）起來站著（1）徒4:26；

22）站在旁邊（1）約19:26；

23）預備（1）徒23:24；

24）證實（1）徒24:13；

25）旁邊站著的（1）路19:24；

26）你們獻上（1）羅6:16；

27）到了（1）可4:29；

28）旁邊站著（1）約18:22