ὀφειλ-έω,
I= cross ὀφείλω, in Pass., to be due, τιμωρίη dub. l. in Eus.Mynd. 31.
II in Act., to be bound to.., c. inf., dub. l. in Id. 48.
ὀφείλ-ω,
impf. ὤφειλον; ὀφέλλω (also Aeol., IG 12(2).67.7 (Mytil.), and Arc., ib. 5(2).343.27 (Orchom. Arc., iv B. C.)), impf. ὤφελλον or ὄφελλον, v. infr. II. 2, 3 (the Att. or Ion. ὀφείλετ’, ὄφειλον in Il. 11.686, 688, 698, Hes. Op. 174 is prob. due to the Copyists): fut. ὀφειλήσω X. Cyr. 7.2.28, D. 30.7, also ὀφειλέσω TAM 2.431, al.: aor. 1 ὠφείλησα Ar. Av. 115, Th. 8.5 (ἐπ-): pf. ὠφείληκα: plpf. -ήκειν D. 45. 33: aor. 2 ὤφελον (v. infr. 11.2, 3): - Pass., aor. part. ὀφειληθείς Th. 3.63. (Cret. ὀφήλω GDI 5015.21, written ὀπέλο Leg.Gort. 10.20, al., Arc. ὀφέλλω (v. supr.) and ὀφήλω SIG 306.40 (Tegea, iv B. C.): in early Att. Inscrr. written both ὀφελ -IG 12.91.8, al., and ὀφειλ- ib.109.9, al.): - owe, have to pay or account for, τὸ καὶ μοιχάγρι’ ὀφέλλει Od. 8.332; ὅτι μοι.. ζωάγρι’ ὀφέλλεις ib. 462; χρεῖος, τό ῥά οἱ πᾶς δῆμος ὄφελλεν 21.17; πολέσιν γὰρ Ἐπειοὶ χρεῖος ὄφειλον Il. 11.688; ζημίην ὀ. τῷ θεῷ Hdt. 3.52, etc.: metaph., μητέρα μοι ζώουσαν ὀφέλλετε Call. Fr. 126; τί ὀφείλω; what do I owe? Ar. [Num 21:1-35]; ὀ. ἀργύριον, χρέα, Id. Av. 115, Nu. 117; ὀ. ἢ θεῷ θυσίας ἢ ἀνθρώπῳ χρήματα Pl. R. 331b; ὀ. τινὶ δρᾶν τι ib. 332a: c. dat. only, ὀ. τινί to be debtor to another, Ar. Nu. 1135, Lys. 581, etc.; τρίτον δὲ χαίρειν, εἶτ’ ὀ. μηδενί Philem. 163: abs., to be in debt, Ar. Nu. 485, etc.; οἱ ὀφείλοντες debtors, Arist. EN 1167b21, Plu. 2.832a: -
I
1. Pass., to be due, ἔνθα χρεῖός μοι ὀφέλλεται (v.l. ὀφείλεται) Od. 3.367; χρεῖος ὀφείλετο Il. 11.686, 698; ἢν.. ὀφείληταί τί μοι Ar. Nu. 484; μισθὸς τοῖς στρατιώταις ὠφείλετο X. An. 1.2.11, etc.; τὸ ὀφειλόμενον a debt, ib. 7.7.34; -όμενα ἀποδιδόντες Hdt. 5.99, cf. Simon. ap. Pl. R. 331e.
2. metaph., ὀ. μέλος τινί Pi. O. 10(11).3; πολλὰ δώμασιν καλά E. HF 287; ὀ. χάριν, v. χάρις 1.2; Ἀπόλλωνι χαριστήρια X. Cyr. 7.2.28; τὴν ψυχὴν πᾶσιν Ael. VH 10.5: - Pass., ὀφείλεταί τινι ἐκ θεῶν κλέος A. Fr. 315; ὀ. τινὶ εὐεργεσία Th. 1.137; ἀντὶ χαρίτων ἔχθραι ὀ. X. Cyr. 4.5.32; τοῖς μὲν ἐχθροῖς βλάβην ὀ., τοῖς δὲ φίλοις ὠφελίαν Pl. R. 335e, cf. 332b; τοὐφειλόμενον πράσσουσα Δίκη what is due, A. Ch. 310.
3. as a legal term, to be bound to render, εὐθύνας ὤφειλον And. 1.73 codd. (f.l. for ὦφλον): hence, like ὀφλισκάνω, incur a penalty, ζημίαν Lys. 9.10; διπλῆν τὴν βλάβην Id. 1.32, cf. E. Andr. 360; τὴν τοιαύτην δίκην Pl. Lg. 909a, cf. 774b, 774d, 844e, D. 21.77; ἁμαρτίαν ὀ. Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ IG 3.74.15 (ii/iii A. D.).
4. in Pass., of persons, to be due or liable to, θανάτῳ πάντες ὀφειλόμεθα Simon. 122, cf. LXX [Wis 12:20], IG 3.1381; but τοιαύταις χερσὶν ὀφειλόμεθα our help is due, AP 9.283 (Crin.).
II
1. c. inf., to be bound, to be obliged to do, ὀφέλλετε ταῦτα πένεσθαι ye are bound, ye ought to.., Il. 19.200, cf. Hdt. 1.41, 42, al., E. Alc. 682, 712, etc.; and of things, ought to be, ὁ λόγος οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ὀ. λέγεσθαι Arist. EN 1104a2: - Pass., δράσαντι γάρ τοι καὶ παθεῖν ὀφείλεται A. Fr. 456; σοὶ τοῦτ’ ὀφείλεται παθεῖν it is thy destiny to.., S. Ph. 1421, cf. El. 1173; ὡς πᾶσιν ἡμῖν κατθανεῖν ὀφείλεται E. Alc. 419, cf. 782, Or. 1245, Lys. 25.11; v. supr. 1.4.
2. in this signf. impf. ὤφελλον or ὄφελλον and aor. ὤφελον or ὄφελον are used of that which one has not, but ought to have, done (ought being the pret. of owe), ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι Il. 23.546; νῦν ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος 10.117, cf. Od. 4.472.
3. these tenses are also used, folld. by pres. or aor. inf., in wishes that something were or had been in present or past, ἀνδρὸς.. ὤφελλον ἀμείνονος εἶναι ἄκοιτις I ought to be.., would that I were.. ! Il. 6.350; τὴν ὄφελ’ ἐν νήεσσι κατακτάμεν Ἄρτεμις would that Artemis had slain her !, Il. 19.59, cf. Od. 4.97; τιμήν πέρ μοι ὄφελλεν Ὀλύμπιος ἐγγυαλίξαι Il. 1.353: freq. preceded by εἴθε ( αἴθε), ὡς, ὡς δή, which express the wish still more strongly, αἴθ’ ὄφελες ἄγονός τ’ ἔμεναι ἄγαμός τ’ ἀπολέσθαι O that thou hadst!, Il. 3.40, cf. 1.415, etc.; αἴθ’ ὤφελλες.. σημαίνειν 14.84; αἴθ’ ὤφελλ’ ὁ ξεῖνος.. ὀλέσθαι Od. 18.401; αἴθ’ ἅμα πάντες.. ὠφέλετε.. ἐπὶ νηυσὶ πεφάσθαι Il. 24.254: with ὡς, ὡς ὄφελον.. ἑλέσθαι O that I had.. !, 11.380; θανέειν Od. 14.274; ὡς πρὶν ὤφελλον ὀλέσθαι Il. 24.764, cf. Od. 14.68; ὡς ὤφελες αὐτόθ’ ὀλέσθαι Il. 3.428; ὡς.. ὤφελες Od. 2.184; ὡς ὄφελεν.. Il. 3.173, etc.: strengthd., ὡς δὴ ἔγωγ’ ὄφελον.. Od. 1.217: also with neg., μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι.. would thou hadst never.. !, Il. 9.698; ἣ μὴ ὤφελλε γενέσθαι 17.686; τὼ μὴ γείνασθαι ὄφελλον Od. 8.312; ὡς μὴ ὤφελλε τεκέσθαι Il. 22.481; ὡς δὴ μὴ ὄφελον νικᾶν Od. 11.548. - So in Trag. and Att., ὤφελον.. S. OT 1157; ὤφελες.. Ar. Th. 865; ὤφελε.. A. Pr. 48, X. An. 2.1.4, etc.: also, as in , εἴθ’ ὤφελες.. S. El. 1021; εἴθ’ ὤφελ’.. Ar. Nu. 41, etc.; εἰ γὰρ ὤφελον.. Id. Ec. 380, Pl. R. 432c, Cri. 44d; ὡς ὤφελες.. Ar. Ra. 955: with neg., μήποτ’ ὤφελον S. Ph. 969, E. Alc. 880 (anap.), D. 18.288; ὡς μήποτ’ ὤφελον.. E. Ion 286; ὡς μηδὲ νῦν ὤφελον D. 21.78: without augm. in Hdt., εἶδον.. τὸ μὴ ἰδεῖν ὄφελον (v.l. ὤ-) 1.111, cf. 3.65: sts. in Trag. (lyr. and anap.), εἴθ’ ὄφελε.. A. Pers. 915; ὄφελε.. S. Aj. 1192; μήποτ’ ὄφελον.. E. Med. 1413. (In this signf. ὤφειλον is used in late , ὡς μὴ ὤφειλες ἱκέσθαι Q.S. 5.194, but ὤφελλον shd. be read in Hes. Op. 174 and ὤφελε in E. IA 1291.) with ind., ὤφελε μηδ’ ἐγένοντο θοαὶ νέες Call. Epigr. 19.1, cf. Q.S. 10.378, etc. ὄφελον (Adv. acc. to A.D. Adv. 142.9, EM 643.48) in this signf.: c. acc. et inf., ὤμοι ἐγών, ὄφελόν με.. ὀλέσθαι Orph. A. 1159: even with 2 pers. of Verb, ὄφελον ἐβασιλεύσατε [1Co 4:8], cf. [2Co 11:1], [Gal 5:12], [Rev 3:15], LXX [Job 14:13], Ath. 4.156a; ὄφελον δυνήσῃ Luc. [Son 1:1-17] (as a solecism): with 3 pers., Arr. Epict. 2.18.15, D.Chr. 38.47: with 1 pers. pl., ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν LXX [Exo 16:3]; ὤφελον (sic) εἰ ἐδυνάμεθα πέτασθαι PGiss. 17.10 (ii A. D.): c. inf., ὄφελομ μὲν ἡ θεὸς.. στερῆσαι.. OGI 315.16 (Pessinus, ii B. C.).
III impers. ὀφείλει, it behoves, c. acc. et inf., Pi. N. 2.6; ὄφελλέ με μήτε.. εἰσοράαν κτλ. A.R. 3.678: so pers. in part., abs., αἱ ὀφείλουσαι ἱερουργίαι τῶν θεῶν the due services of the gods, PTeb. 294.24 (ii A. D.); κατὰ τὸν ὀφείλοντα καιρόν Sor. 1.79. (ὦφλον, ὤφληκα, aor. and pf. of ὀφλισκάνω, were prob. orig. aor. and pf. of ὀφείλω: ὄφελον in signf. II. 3c may be orig. neut. part. of ὤφελε (signf. 111) with omission of ἐστί.)
G3784 — ὀφείλω
imperfect ὤφειλον; present passive participle ὀφειλόμενος; from Homer down; to owe;
a. properly, to owe money, be in debt for: τίνι τί, [Mat 18:28]; [Luk 16:5]; without a dative, [Mat 18:28]; [Luk 7:41]; [Luk 16:7]; [Phi 1:18]; τό ὀφειλόμενον, that which is due, the debt, [Mat 18:30]; αὐτῷ (which L Tr WH omit), that due to him, [Mat 18:34].
b. metaphorically: τί, passive τήν εὔνοιαν ὀφειλομένην, the good-will due (A. V. (not R. V.) due benevolence), [1Co 7:3] Rec.; μηδενί μηδέν ὀφείλετε (here ὀφείλετε, on account of what precedes and what follows, must be taken in its broadest sense, both literal and tropical), εἰ μή τό ἀλλήλους ἀγαπᾶν, owe no one anything except to love one another, because we must never cease loving and the debt of love can never be paid, [Rom 13:8]. absolutely, to be a debtor, be bound: [Mat 23:16], [Mat 23:18]; followed by an infinitive to be under obligation, bound by duty or necessity, to do something; it behooves one; one ought; used thus of a necessity imposed either by law and duty, or by reason, or by the times, or by the nature of the matter under consideration (according to Westcott (Epistles of John, p. 5), Cremer, others, denoting obligation in its special and personal aspects): [Luk 17:10]; [Joh 13:14]; [Joh 19:7] (ὀφείλει ἀποθανεῖν, he ought to die); [Act 17:29]; [Rom 15:1], [Rom 15:27]; [1Co 5:10]; ([1Co 7:36] (A. V. need so requireth)); [1Co 9:10]; [1Co 11:7],10>; [2Co 12:14]; [Eph 5:28]; [2Th 1:3]; [2Th 2:13]; [Heb 2:17]; [Heb 5:3], [Heb 5:12]; [1Jo 2:6]; [1Jo 3:16]; [1Jo 4:11]; [3Jo 1:8]; ὤφειλον συνίστασθαι, I ought to have been commended, i. e. I can demand commendation, [2Co 12:11].
c. after the Chaldee (see ὀφειλέτης, b., ὀφείλημα, b.), ὀφείλω τίνι, to have wronged one and not yet made amends to him (A. V. indebted), [Luk 11:4]. (Compare: προσοφείλω.)
ὀεφίλω ,
[in LXX : [Deu 15:2], [Isa 24:2] (H5383), [Eze 18:7] (H2326), Wis 12:15 ; Wis 12:20 , al. ;]
to owe, be a debtor: c . acc rei , [Mat 18:28], [Luk 7:41]; [Luk 16:7], [Phm 1:18]; id . c. dat. pers ., [Mat 18:28], [Luk 16:5]. Pass ., to be owed, to be due: τ . ὀφειλόμενον , [Mat 18:30]; [Mat 18:34]. Metaph .: absol. ( = Rabbinic חַיָּב ; v. McNeile , in l ), [Mat 23:16]; [Mat 23:18]; c . acc rei et dat . pers ., [Rom 13:8]; c . inf ., to be bound or obliged to do (of. Westc ., Epp. Jo., 50), [Luk 17:10], [Joh 13:14]; [Joh 19:7], [Act 17:29], [Rom 15:1]; [Rom 15:27], [1Co 5:10]; 1Co 7:36 ; [1Co 9:10]; [1Co 11:7]; [1Co 11:10], [2Co 12:14], [Eph 5:28], 2Th 1:3 ; [2Th 2:13], [Heb 2:17]; [Heb 5:3]; [Heb 5:12], [1Jn 2:6]; 1Jn 3:16 ; [1Jn 4:11], [3Jn 1:8]; ὤειλον συνίστασθαι , I ought to have been commended, [2Co 12:11]. In peculiar Aram. sense of having wronged one ( see όφείλημα ; but of. also Inscr . ἁμαρτίαν ὀφείίλω , Deiss., BS , 225), c. dat. pers ., [Luk 11:4] ( cf. προσ - οφίελω ). †