H4310. mi
מִי423 pronoun interrogative who? of persons, as מָה (q. v.) of things (Ethiopic but only = What ? and How ? Assyrian mî, me (rare) JägerBAS. ii. 277, the usual Semitic form for Who? has n, namely Assyrian mannu, manu (DlHWB 419), Ethiopic man¥, Aramaic Arabic , Vulgar Arabic min, m£n, from a form resembling which, by rejection of n, probably Hebrew מִי: WSG 123 f.): — who ? (τίς; quis ?) [Gen 3:11] מִי לְךָ הִגִּיד who told thee ? [24:65] הַלָּזֶה הָאִישׁ מִי who is this man ? [27:18] בני אתה מי who art thou, my son ? [Num 22:9]; [Judg 1:1]; [6:29]; [15:6]; [18:3]; [20:18]; [2Sam 1:8] + often; [Ruth 3:9] אָ֑תְּ מִי who art thou, (feminine) ? [Isa 51:12]; of more than one, אֵלָּה מִי who are these ? [Gen 33:5]; [48:8]; [Isa 60:8]; אתם מי [2Kin 10:13]; once, more explicitly, הַהֹלְכִים זָמִי מִי [Exod 10:8]; = as who ? (i.e. in what condition, or capacity), [Amos 7:2] יקום מי יעקב vAmos 7:5; [Isa 51:19] אֲנַחֲמֵךְ מִי (but Vrss Che Lag Brd Du יְ ׳מִי, as || יָנוּד מִי), [Ruth 3:16] (Be Ke Köiii. 388). Note in particular:
a. מִי is rarely used of things, and usually where persons are understood or implied: [Gen 33:8] הזה כלהֿמחנה לך מי who (or what) to thee is all this camp ? [Deut 4:7]; [Judg 9:28] מִי שְׁכֶם who is Shechem (i.e. the Shechemites) ? [Micah 1:5] שֹׁמְרוֺן הֲלֹא יַעֲקֹב מִיפֶֿשַׁע, vb [Song 3:6]; [Judg 13:17] שְׁמֶ֑ךָ מִי ( but מה [Gen 32:28]; [Exod 3:13]: with מי compare מַן in Aramaic [Ezra 5:4]; Genesis, Exodus ll. cc. ᵑ7; and see NöM. p. 341). On [1Sam 18:18], see II. חַי
b. in the Genitive, אַתְּ בַּתמִֿי whose daughter art thou ? [Gen 24:23], [47]; [1Sam 12:3] (3 t. in verse); [17:55]; [Jer 44:28]; [Job 26:4]; [33:28]; after various prepositions, as מִי אַחֲרֵי [1Sam 24:15] (twice in verse); אֶלמִֿי [6:20]; [2Kin 9:5] +; בְּמִי by whom ? [1Kin 20:14], לְמִי20 to whom ? whose ? [Gen 32:18] אַתָּה לְמִי, [38:25]; [Prov 20:20] (6 t.) +; מִמִּי [Ezek 32:19]; [Psa 27:1] (twice in verse); עַלמִֿי [2Kin 18:20]; [19:22]; [Isa 57:4] +; אֶתמִֿי (so always in accusative), [1Sam 12:3] (twice in verse); [28:11]; [Isa 6:8]; = with whom ? [Job 12:3].
c. in an indirect question, as [Gen 21:26]; [43:22] שׂם מי ידענו לא we do not know who put, etc., [Deut 21:1]; [Psa 39:7]; [Josh 24:15] תַעֲבֹד֑וּן אֶתמִֿי ֗֗֗ בַּחֲרוּ choose whom ye will serve, after ראה [1Sam 14:17], שׁאל [17:56], הגיד [1Kin 1:20], הודיע [1:27].
d. ב ׳מי who among ... ? [1Sam 22:14]; [Isa 36:20]; [43:9]; [48:14] (בהם) [42:23]; [50:10]; [Hag 2:3] ( all בכם); מן מי who of ... ? [Judg 21:8]; [2Kin 6:11]; [Isa 50:1].
e. strengthened and emphatic forms of interrogative: (a) זה מי (see זה 4b), הוא מי (see הוא 4b β), מי זה הוא [Psa 24:10]; [Jer 30:21]; [Est 7:5] (see ibid.); (b) מִי אֶחָד what single one ... ? [Judg 21:8], compare [2Sam 7:23] ( = [1Chr 17:21]).
f. various rhetorical uses ( often repeated in || clause, as [Psa 15:1]; [18:32]; [Isa 28:9]; [29:15]): — (a) followed by imperfect it expresses a wish ( the question implying a desire that the person asked for were present ), [2Sam 15:4] שֹׁפֵט יְשִׂמֵנִי מִי who will set me judge ? i.e. would that some one would make me judge ! [23:15] מַיִם יַשְׁקֵנִי מִי = O that one would give me to drink, etc. ! compare [Num 11:4], [18]; [Mal 1:10]; [Psa 4:7]; [60:11]; [94:16]; [Isa 42:23], and very often in the phrase יִתֵּן מִי who will give? i.e. would that there were. . . ! as [Num 11:29] י עם כל יתן ׳ומי נביאים = and would that all ׳יs people were prophets! [Deut 28:67] ערב יתן מי = would it were even! [Judg 9:29] + (see נָתַן). (b) it expresses contempt (who ? implying the answer no one at all), [Exod 5:2] י מי בקולו אשׁמע ׳אשׁר who is ׳י that I should listen to his voice ? [Judg 9:28] נַעַבְדֶנּוּ כִּי שְׁכֶם וּמִי אֲבִימֶלֶךְ מִי, [9:38]; [1Sam 17:26] who is this Philistine that he should have reproached, etc.? [25:10] ישׁי בן ומי דוד מי [Isa 28:9]; [Job 26:4]; [Prov 30:9] י ׳מי; or modesty (real or assumed), [Exod 3:11] אֶלמַּֿרְעֹה אֵלֵךְ כִּי אָנֹכִי מִי [1Sam 18:18] אנכי מי חיי ומי who am I, and who is my clan (חַיִּי), that I should be the king's son-in-law ? [2Sam 7:18]; [1Chr 29:14]; [2Chr 2:5]; or surprise, [Isa 44:10]; [49:21]. (c) in impassioned prose, and especially in poetry, implying the answer few or none, it is equivalent to a rhetorical negative, [Deut 9:2] עֲנָק בְנֵי לִפְנֵי יִתְיַצֵּב מִי who can stand, etc.? [30:12] הַשָּׁמַיְמָה יַעֲלֶהלָּֿנוּ מִי [30:13]; [1Sam 4:8] וג יַצִּילֵנוּ ׳מִי, [6:20]; [22:14]; [26:9], [15]; [2Sam 16:10]; יאמר מי who shall (or can) say ? [Job 9:12]; [Prov 20:9]; [Eccl 8:4]; with the perfect (of experience), who has ever . . . ? [Num 23:10]; [Deut 5:23]; [Isa 36:20]; [66:8] (twice in verse); [Jer 18:13] כָּאֵלֶּה שָׁמַע מִי, [23:18] (ᵑ0), [30:21]; [Job 4:7]; [9:4] וַיִּשְׁלָ֑ם אֵלָיו הִקְשָׁה מִי, [41:3]; [Prov 30:4]; [Lam 3:37]; in poetry, very often, as [Gen 49:9] וּכְלָבִיא יְקִימֶנּוּ מִי who can rouse him up ? (i.e. no one), [Exod 15:11] (twice in verse) כָמוֺךָ מִי (so [Psa 35:10] and elsewhere), [Num 24:9], [23]; [1Sam 2:25] לו יתפלל מי who shall intercede for him ? (i.e. no one), [Isa 1:12]; [10:3]; [40:13-14], [18]; [41:26]; [42:19]; [43:9]; [48:14]; [50:1]; [53:1] לִשְׁמֻעָתֵנוּ הֶאֱמִין מִי (i.e. few or none), etc.; [Psa 18:32] י מִבַּלְעֲדֵי אֱלוֺהַּ ׳מִי, [76:8]; [89:7]; [130:3]; [Job 21:31]; [34:29]; [Jer 17:9]; [Joel 2:11]; [Mal 3:2]; ֗֗֗ לֹא מִי [Amos 3:8]; [Jer 10:7]; [Job 12:9] (compare [25:3]; [Nahum 3:19]); (יְשִׁיבֶנָּה) יְשִׁיבֶנּוּ מִי who shall (can) turn it back ? [Job 9:12]; [11:10]; [23:13]; [Isa 14:27]; [43:13]; [Jer 2:24]; implying the answer, no one but God, [Isa 40:12]; [41:2]; [Job 38:5]; [35:6]; Job 35:25, etc.; defiantly, [Isa 50:9] יַרְשִׁיעֵנִי הוּא מִי, [Jer 21:13]; [49:4] אֵלַי יָבוֺא מִי, [49:19]; Obadiah 3; [Psa 12:5] לָנוּ אָדוֺן מִי, [59:8]; [64:6]; [Job 9:19] לְמִשְׁמָּט וְאִם יוֺעִידֵנִי מִי, [13:19] עִמָּדִי יָרִיב הוּא מִי who is he that will contend with me ? [17:3]; [41:2]. Notice in examples of this kind the frequent order of words: [Prov 20:6] ימצא מי אמוּנים ואישׁ, [24:22] מי שׁניהם ופיד יודע, [31:10]; [Nahum 1:6] יעמד מי זעמו לפני, [Psa 147:17] לפני יעמד מי קֹרָתוֺ, [Job 4:2] יוּכ֑ל מִי בְּמִלִּין וַעְצֹר, [26:14]; [38:37]; [39:5]; [41:5]; [41:6]; [Psa 6:6] יוֺדֶהלָּֿ֑ךְ מִי בִּשְׁאוֺל, [19:13]; and with the nom. pendens, [Jer 2:24] יְשִׁיבֶנָּה מִי תַּאֲנָתָהּ, [Prov 18:14]; [Job 17:15] יְשׁוּרֶנָּה מִי וְתִקְוָתִי, [38:29] יְלָדוֺ מִי שָׁמַיִם וּכְפֹר. (d) יוֺדֵעַ מִי who knoweth ? ([Psa 90:11]; [Prov 24:22]), followed by a verbal clause, becomes (compare nescio an) = it may be, perchance, [2Sam 12:22] י יְחָנֵּנִי יוֺדֵעַ ׳מִי (Qr וְחַנַּנִי), [Joel 2:14] ( = [Jonah 3:9]) ונחם ישׁוב יודע מי, [Est 4:14] מי אם יודע. (e) especially in poetry, a question with מי, to which the answer follows, is an effective mode of affirming a fact, or introducing a description: [Psa 15:1] (twice in verse) (see [15:2]); [24:3]; [24:8]; [24:10]; [Isa 23:8] וג ׳זאת יעץ מי ([23:9] the answ., ׳י ׳צ יְעָצָהּ), [33:14] (see [33:15]f.), [37:23]; [41:2], [4]; [60:8]; [63:1]; [Jer 46:7]; [Song 3:6], compare [6:10]; [8:3]; answered by הֲלֹא [Exod 4:11]; [Isa 42:24]; [45:21]; [Micah 1:5] (twice in verse).
g. מִי may sometimes be rendered whosoever, though, as the examples will shew, it does not really mean it: [Exod 24:14] אליהם יִגַּשׁ דברים בעל מי, literally Who hath a cause ? let him draw nigh unto them, i.e. whoso hath a cause, let him, etc., [Isa 50:8]b אֵלַי יִגַּשׁ מִשְׁמָּטִי בַעַל מִי, [54:15]; [Judg 7:3] ׳וג יָשֹׁב וְחָרֵד יָרֵא מִי who is fearful and trembling ? let him return, [Prov 9:4], [16] הֵגָּה יָסֻר מִיפֶֿ֖תִי, [Ezra 1:3] (compare with וְ in apodosis [Jer 9:11]; Hosea 14:10; [Psa 107:43]; [Zech 4:10] is dubious, on account of anomalous tense and construction); so with ֗֗֗ אשׁר האישׁ מי [Deut 20:5-6], [7]; [Judg 10:18], compare [Psa 25:12]. With 1person in apodosis, [Exod 32:33] אֲשֶׁר מִי מִסִּפְרִי אֶמְחֶגּוּ לִי חָטָא, [Jer 49:19] ( = [50:44]) בָחוּר וּמִי אֶפְקֹד אֵלָיהָ and who is chosen? I will appoint him over her! [Isa 50:8]a; with an imperative in the apodosis [Exod 32:24] (against accents; see Ra) זהב למי התפרקו who hath gold ? break it off you! [Gen 19:12]; [1Sam 11:12], compare [Psa 34:13]f.; without a verb, [Exod 32:26] לי ׳מי אלי who is on J.'s side ? (let him come) to me! so [2Sam 20:11] (אשׁר מי); [Eccl 5:9]; [9:4] (אשׁר מי).
h. once, following a verb (compare מָה
3), any one, [2Sam 18:12] באבשׁלום בַּנַּעַר שִׁמְרוּמִֿי Have a care, whosoever ye be, of, etc. (but ᵑ9 ᵑ6 ᵐ5 Bu לִי; compare [18:5]).
מִי
原文音譯：ymi me
詞類次數：代名詞（423）
原文字根：任何
字義溯源：（疑問人稱代名詞：）誰，任何人，甚麼人，甚麼，是誰，有誰，有何，誰的，誰是，誰能，凡，何，那，但願，惟願
出現次數：總共（419）；創（18）；出（14）；民（7）；申（16）；書（2）；士（13）；得（2）；撒上（34）；撒下（16）；王上（6）；王下（10）；代上（7）；代下（6）；拉（1）；尼（1）；斯（4）；伯（62）；詩（42）；箴（18）；傳（17）；歌（4）；賽（63）；耶（25）；哀（3）；結（4）；何（1）；珥（2）；摩（4）；俄（1）；拿（3）；彌（4）；鴻（4）；該（1）；亞（1）；瑪（3）
譯字彙編：
1）誰（263）數量太多，不能盡錄；
2）是誰（29）[創24:65]；[創27:33]；[創33:5]；[出5:2]；[民22:9]；[士6:29]；[士9:28]；[士9:28]；[士9:38]；[撒上10:12]；[撒上11:12]；[撒上14:17]；[撒上17:26]；[撒上17:58]；[撒上25:10]；[撒上25:10]；[撒下11:21]；[代上29:14]；[斯7:5]；[伯38:6]；[伯38:28]；[伯38:29]；[詩24:8]；[詩24:10]；[箴30:9]；[歌6:10]；[賽23:8]；[賽63:1]；[彌6:9]；
3）有誰（15）[撒上22:14]；[撒上26:9]；[代上29:5]；[伯11:5]；[伯21:31]；[伯21:31]；[伯25:3]；[詩6:5]；[詩59:7]；[賽36:20]；[賽53:1]；[耶18:13]；[耶23:18]；[耶23:18]；[鴻3:7]；
4）誰是（10）[撒下22:32]；[撒下22:32]；[代下36:23]；[拉1:3]；[詩18:31]；[詩18:31]；[箴9:4]；[賽50:10]；[耶9:12]；[何14:9]；
5）那（9）[申20:5]；[申20:6]；[申20:7]；[申20:8]；[士21:8]；[伯34:7]；[傳5:10]；[傳9:4]；[賽50:1]；
6）誰的（7）[創24:23]；[創24:47]；[創32:17]；[創38:25]；[撒上30:13]；[伯26:4]；[耶44:28]；
7）誰呢（7）[撒下3:12]；[王上20:14]；[伯9:24]；[詩27:1]；[詩27:1]；[詩73:25]；[結32:19]；
8）但願（6）[申28:67]；[申28:67]；[撒下15:4]；[詩14:7]；[詩53:6]；[詩55:6]；
9）惟願（4）[民11:29]；[伯6:8]；[伯29:2]；[賽27:4]；
10）有何（4）[詩25:12]；[詩34:12]；[詩77:13]；[彌7:18]；
11）是誰呢（4）[出10:8]；[歌3:6]；[歌8:5]；[賽60:8]；
12）甚麼人（4）[出3:11]；[書9:8]；[撒下1:8]；[賽22:16]；
13）是甚麼（4）[士13:17]；[撒上18:18]；[代上17:16]；[代上29:14]；
14）惟（3）[申5:29]；[伯19:23]；[伯23:3]；
15）誰能（3）[詩76:7]；[賽43:9]；[哀3:37]；
16）甚麼（2）[詩89:48]；[賽45:9]；
17）在那裏（2）[彌1:5]；[彌1:5]；
18）怎能（2）[摩7:2]；[摩7:5]；
19）何（2）[耶49:19]；[耶50:44]；
20）誰能與（2）[賽33:14]；[賽33:14]；
21）有那（2）[撒下7:23]；[代上17:21]；
22）但（2）[出16:3]；[伯19:23]；
23）誰家的（2）[創32:17]；[得2:5]；
24）那一個（2）[申4:7]；[士10:18]；
25）凡（2）[出32:26]；[詩107:43]；
26）但那（1）[出10:8]；
27）但誰能（1）[箴27:4]；
28）這樣（1）[伯41:10]；
29）任何（1）[出24:14]；
30）我如何（1）[賽51:19]；
31）甚麼意思（1）[創33:8]；
32）甚願（1）[瑪1:10]；
33）如此⋯誰（1）[撒下16:10]；
34）甚麼家屬（1）[創19:12]；
35）有何城（1）[結27:32]；
36）或誰（1）[伯38:37]；
37）作甚麼呢（1）[賽52:5]；
38）惟願有一位（1）[伯31:35]；
39）但願有誰（1）[撒下23:15]；
40）那一個說（1）[王下9:5]；
41）有甚麼（1）[申3:24]；
42）算甚麼（1）[撒下7:18]；
43）有何人（1）[申5:26]；
44）並且那一個（1）[申4:8]；
45）卻是誰（1）[王下10:9]；
46）甚願有誰（1）[代上11:17]；
47）哦（1）[伯13:5]；
48）惟願你（1）[伯14:13]；
49）那一位（1）[伯5:1]；
50）焉（1）[斯4:14]；
51）這樣的人（1）[尼6:11]；
52）怎樣了（1）[得3:16]