νέος, νέα,
Ion. νέη, νέον; Ion. νεῖος (q.v.): [fem. νέας as monosyll., A. Th. 327 (lyr.); contr. fem. νῆ Xenoph. 42 (= Ar. Fr. 9), Eugaeon (?) 1 ]:
I
1 young, youthful (of children, youths, and of men at least as old as 30, v. X. Mem. 1.2.35), ν. πάϊς Od. 4.665; κοῦροι ν. Il. 13.95; ν. ἀνήρ 23.589: alone, νέοι youths, 1.463, Hes. Sc. 281, etc.: later mostly with Art., οἱ νέοι Ar. Nu. 1059, etc.: prov., ὁ ν. ἔσται ν. ’boys will be boys’, Lib. 910.3; οἱ ν., corporately organized, SIG 831.8 (Pergam., ii A.D.), etc.; opp. ἔφηβοι, παῖδες, ib.589.38 (Magn.Mae., ii B.C.): opp. γέρων, ἠμὲν νέοι ἠδὲ γέροντες Il. 2.789, etc.; ἢ ν. ἠὲ παλαιός 14.108, cf. Od. 1.395, etc.; opp. γεραίτερος, 3.24; opp. προγενέστερος, 2.29; opp. γεραιός, X. Lac. 1.7; εὐθὺς ἐκ νέου ἐθίζειν from youth upwards, Pl. Grg. 510d, etc.; ἐκ νέων παίδων Id. Lg. 887d; ἐκ νέων ἐθίζεσθαι Arist. EN 1103b24; ἐκ νέας (sc. ψυχῆς) Pl. R. 409a; τὸ ν., = cross νεότης, youth (in the abstract), S. OC 1229 (lyr.), E. Ion 545: also in concrete sense, τὸ ν. ἅπαν all young creatures, Pl. Lg. 653d; οὐ δύναται τὸ ν. ἡσυχάζειν Arist. Pol. 1340b29; σκιρτητικὸν τὸ ν. Corn. ND 20; also, of minors, νέου ὄντος ἔτι Th. 1.107; cf. νεώτερος. rarely of animals and plants, ὄρπηκες, ἔρνος, Il. 21.38, Od. 6.163; οἱ ν. τῶν νεβρῶν X. Cyn. 9.8.
2. suited to a youth, youthful, ἄεθλοι Pi. O. 2.43; ν. θράσος A. Pers. 744 (troch.); ν. φροντίς youthful spirits, E. Med. 48; νέαις ταῖς διανοίαις χρωμένους Lys. 24.16; of persons, ἄφρων νέος τε E. IA 489, cf. Pl. R. 378a; ν. τε καὶ ὀξύς Id. Grg. 463e (but διαφέρει οὐδὲν ν. τὴν ἡλικίαν ἢ τὸ ἦθος νεαρός Arist. EN 1095a6).
II
1. new, fresh, ν. θάλαμος Il. 17.36; ν. ἄλγος 6.462; νέῳ.. κόλλοπι Od. 21.407 (this sense elsewh. in Hom. only in Adv. νέον, v. infr.); λίνον Alc. 15 (dub.); πόνοι.. νέοι παλαιοῖσι συμμιγεῖς κακοῖς A. Th. 740 (lyr.), etc.; οἶνος ν. Ar. Pax 916; ἐν τοῖς μουσικοῖς τὰ ν. [μέλη] εὐδοκιμεῖ X. Cyr. 1.6.38; ἡ ν. (sc. σελήνη) the new moon, esp. in phrase ἕνη καὶ νέα, v. cross ἕνος 2; but μηνὸς τῇ ν. (sc. ἡμέρᾳ) on the first day of the month, Pl. Lg. 849b; ν. ἦμαρ A.R. 4.1479: in this sense rarely of persons, ὁ ν. ταγὸς μακάρων A. Pr. 96 (anap.), cf. Ar. Pl. 960; οἱ ν. θεοί A. Eu. 721; cf. νεώτερος.
2. of events, etc., new, with collat. notion of unexpected, strange, untoward, evil, τί ν.; Id. Ag. 85 (anap.); προσδοκῶ τι γὰρ ν. E. Supp. 99; μῶν τι βουλεύῃ ν.; S. Ph. 1229, cf. 554, E. Hipp. 794, Ba. 362. Th. 5.50. etc.: ἀπροσδοκήτους καὶ ν. λόγους A. Supp. 712; καινὰ ν. τ’ ἄχη Id. Pers. 665 (lyr.): this sense is more common in Comp., v. cross νεώτερος.
III neut. νέον as Adv. of Time, lately, just now, opp. both to distant past and present, παῖδα ν. γεγαῶτα Od. 19.400, cf. Il. 3.394; ν. κρατεῖν A. Pr. 35, 955, etc.: also used Adverbially with the Art., καὶ τὸ πάλαι (v.l. cross παλαιόν) καὶ τὸ ν. Hdt. 9.26: in Prose νεωστί (q.v.): rarely Comp. Adv. νεωτέρως, Pl. Lg. 907c: Sup. νεώτατα most recently, Th. 1.7; also ἐκ νέας, Ion. αὖτις ἐκ νέης, anew, afresh, Hdt. 1.60, 5.116.. the degrees of Comp. are νεώτερος, νεώτατος, v. cross νεώτερος: νεαίτερος is corrupt for νεαίρετος in A. Fr. 330. (νέϝος (in νεϝόστατος, q.v.), cf. Skt. návas, Lat. novus, etc.)
νεώτερος, α, ον,
I
1. Comp. of νέος, of persons, younger, γενεῆφι ν. Il. 21.439; ὢν φύσει ν. S. OC 1295; too young, Od. 21.132; a minor, Th. 3.26; οἱ ν. men of military age, Id. 5.50; τὸ πρεσβύτερόν τε καὶ τὸ ν. ib. 64: c. gen., οἱ ν. τῶν πεπραγμένων those who are too young to remember the events, D. 18.50; οἱ ν. the new school, of poets, Cic. Att. 7.2.1; of poets later than Homer, Sch. Il. 16.574, 24.257.
2. Sup., γενεῇ δὲ νεώτατος ἔσκον ἁπάντων Il. 7.153, etc.; ἡ ν. δημοκρατία, opp. ἡ πατρία δ., Arist. Pol. 1305a29.
II
1. of events, newer, more recent, νεώτερον κακόν Pi. P. 4.155; of recent origin, Δημόκριτος μουσικήν φησι ν. εἶναι Phld. Mus. p.108K.: metaph., later, worse, ν. βούλευμα S. Ph. 560; νεώτερον πρήσσειν contrive calamity, injury, Hdt. 5.106: freq. with τι, ἤν τι καταλαμβάνῃ ν. τὸν πεζὸν [στρατόν] Id. 8.21; δέδοικα μή τι δρᾷ ν. Ar. Ec. 338, cf. Pi. Fr. 107.6, Theoc. 24.40; μή τι ν. ἀγγέλλεις; Pl. Prt. 310b; νεώτερόν τι ποιεῖν ἔς τινα Th. 1.132; κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα Hdt. 8.142; περὶ πόλιν Ἑλλάδα Id. 5.93; νεώτερα βουλεύειν περί τινος Id. 1.210; μηδὲν νεώτερον ποιεῖν περὶ ἀνδρῶν Th. 2.6.
2. freq. of rebellion or violent revolution, ν. τι ποιέειν Hdt. 5.35, etc.; ν. πρήγματα πρήξειν ib. 19; νεωτέρων πραγμάτων ἐπιθυμεῖν Isoc. 7.59, X. HG 5.2.9, etc.
νέος , - α , - ον ,
[in LXX for H5288 ([Gen 37:2], [Exo 33:11], al. ), H2319 ([Lev 23:16], [Num 28:26], al. ), etc.; compar . - ώτερος for H6996, H6810, etc.;]
1. young, youthful: [Tit 2:4].
2. new ( prop ., in respect of time; see καινός ): οἶνος ( cf. o ἶ . καινός , [Mat 26:20]), [Mat 9:17], [Mar 2:22], [Luk 5:37-39]; φύραμα ( fig .), [1Co 5:7]; διαθήκη ( cf. καινὴ δ ., [Heb 9:15]), [Heb 12:24]; metaph ., ἄνθρωπος ( cf. καινὸς ἀ , [Eph 2:15]), [Col 3:10].
3. Compar., - ώτερος , - α , - ον , younger: [Luk 15:12-13]; [Luk 22:26], [Joh 21:18]; pl ., οἱ ν ., [Act 5:6] ( Rackham , in l ), [1Ti 5:11], [Tit 2:6]; opp . to πρεσβύτεροι , [1Ti 5:1], [1Pe 5:5]; αἱ ν ., [1Ti 5:2]; [1Ti 5:14].
4. Νέα Πόλις , Neapolis: [Act 16:11] ( Rec. , Νεάπολις , q.v. ).
νεώτερος , see νέος .
SYN.: καινός G2537, q.v.