ἐχθρός, ά, όν,

(ἔχθος)

I hated, hateful, of persons and things, freq. from Hom. downwds. (Hom. has it only in this pass. sense); ἐ. γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι Od. 14.156, Il. 9.312; ἐχθρὸν δέ μοί ἐστιν c. inf., ’tis hateful to me to.., Od. 12.452; θεοῖσιν ἐ. Hes. Th. 766, Thgn. 601, Ar. Eq. 34; ὁ θεοῖσιν ἐ. Pl.Com. 74, etc.; cf. θεοισεχθρός.

II Act., hating, hostile, first in Hes. and Pi. (v. infr. 111), τινι D. 10.11, X. Ages. 6.1, etc.: c. gen., ὕβριος ἐχθρὰν ὁδόν averse from insolence, Pi. O. 7.90: abs., ἐ. γλῶσσα A. Ch. 309 (anap.); ὀργαί Id. Eu. 937 (anap.), etc.; ἀστέρες Vett.Val. 143.5.

III as Subst., ἐχθρός, ὁ, enemy, where the act. and pass. senses freq. coincide, Hes. Op. 342, Pi. P. 2.84, etc.; ἀνὴρ ἐ. Hdt. 1.92; ὁ Διὸς ἐ. A. Pr. 120 (anap.); ἐχθροῖς ἐχθρὰ πορσύνων Id. Ag. 1374; εἴ.. τινα ἴδοι ἐχθρὸν ἑαυτοῦ Th. 4.47; οἱ ἐμοὶ ἐ. Id. 6.89, etc. - Acc. to Ammon. Diff. p.63 V., ἐχθρός is one who has been φίλος, but is alienated; πολέμιος one who is at war; δυσμενής one who has long been alienated and refuses to be reconciled. regul. Comp. ἐχθρότερος D. Prooem. 40.3, AP 5.160 (Hedyl. or Ascl); Sup. - ότατος Pi. N. 1.65, S. OT 1346 (lyr.), D. 19.300: but more freq. irreg. ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος (qq.v.). Adv. ἐχθρῶς, μισοῦντες Pl. Lg. 697d, etc.: Comp. - οτέρως D. 5.18: Sup. - ότατα Id. 23.149.

ἐχθρός echthros 32x

    hated, under disfavor, Rom 11:28;

    inimical, hostile, Mat 13:28; Col 1:21;

    as a subst., an enemy, adversary, Mat 5:43-44; Mat 10:36; enemy.

G2190 — ἐχθρός

ἔχθρα, ἐχθρόν (ἔχθος hatred); the Sept. numberless times for אויֵב, also for צַר, several times for שׂונֵא and מְשַׂנֵּא, a hater;

1. passively, hated, odious, hateful (in Homer only in this sense): Rom 11:28 (opposed to ἀγαπητός).

2. actively, hostile, hating and opposing another: 1Co 15:25; 2Th 3:15; with the genitive of the person hated or opposed, Jam 4:4 Lachmann; Gal 4:16, cf. Meyer or Wieseler on the latter passage used of men as at enmity with God by their sin: Rom 5:10 (cf. Rom 8:7; Col 1:21; Jam 4:4) (but many take ἐχθρός here (as in , see 1 above) passively; cf. Meyer); τῇ διάνοια, opposing (God) in the mind, Col 1:21; ἐχθρός ἄνθρωπος, a man that is hostile, a certain enemy, Mat 13:28; ὁ ἐχθρός, the hostile one (well known to you), i. e. κατ' ἐξοχήν the devil, the most bitter enemy of the divine government: Luk 10:19, cf. Mat 13:39 (and ecclesiastical writings). ὁ ἐχθρός (and ἐχθρός) substantively, enemy (so the word, whether adjective or a substantive, is translated in A. V., except twice (R. V. once) foe: ἔσχατος ἐχθρός, 1Co 15:26): with the genitive of the person to whom one is hostile, Mat 5:43; Mat 10:36; Mat 13:25; (Luk 1:1),; Luk 6:27,35; 19:27,43>; Rom 12:20; Rev 11:5, Rev 11:12; in the words of Psa 109:1, quoted in Mat 22:44; Mar 12:36; Luk 20:43; Act 2:35; 1Co 15:25 (L brackets; others omit the genitive (see above)); Heb 1:13; Heb 10:13. with the genitive of the thing: Act 13:10; τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, who given up to their evil passions evade the obligations imposed upon them by the death of Christ, Phi 3:18.

ἐχθρός , - ά , - όν

( < ἔχθος , hatred), [in LXX chiefly for H342, also for H6146, etc.;]

1. hated, hateful ( Hom .): opp . to ἀγαπητός , Rom 11:28.

2. Actively, hating, hostile: Rom 5:10, 1Co 15:25, 2Th 3:15; c . gen . pers . ( cl .), Jas 4:4; τ . διανοίᾳ , Col 1:21; ἐ . ἄνθρωπος , Mat 13:28; as subst ., ὁ ἐ ., an enemy, 1Co 15:26; the devil, Mat 13:39, Luk 10:19; c . gen . pers ., Mat 22:44 Mar 12:36, Luk 20:43, Act 2:35 , 1Co 15:25, Heb 1:13; Heb 10:13 ( LXX ); Mat 5:43-44; Mat 10:36; Mat 13:25, Luk 1:71; Luk 1:74; Luk 6:27; Luk 6:35; Luk 19:27; Luk 19:43, Rom 12:20, Gal 4:16, Rev 11:5; Rev 11:12; c . gen . rei , Act 13:10, Php 3:18. †

詞類次數：形容詞（32）

原文字根：有 毀滅（者） 相當於：H340（אָיַב‎）

字義溯源：可恨的，敵意的，為仇的，為敵的，仇敵的，仇人的，仇，敵；源自（G2190（ἐχθρός）X*=恨）。人因著邪惡的行為，心思上與神為敵（西1:21）。一個信徒，仇敵要吞喫他（彼前5:8）；世界（世人）要恨他（雅4:4）；他自己的家人，也成了仇敵（太10:36）。儘末了要被毀滅的仇敵，就是死（林前15:26）

同源字：1）G2189（ἔχθρα）敵對 2）G2190（ἐχθρός）可恨的參讀G476（ἀντίδικος）同義字

出現次數：總共（32）；太（7）；可（1）；路（8）；徒（2）；羅（3）；林前（2）；加（1）；腓（1）；西（1）；帖後（1）；來（2）；雅（1）；啓（2）

譯字彙編：

1）仇敵（27）太5:43；太5:44；太10:36；太13:25；太13:39；太22:44；可12:36；路1:71；路1:74；路6:27；路6:35；路10:19；路19:27；路19:43；路20:43；徒2:35；徒13:10；羅5:10；羅12:20；林前15:25；林前15:26；腓3:18；來1:13；來10:13；雅4:4；啓11:5；啓11:12；

2）仇人（1）帖後3:15；

3）為敵的（1）西1:21；

4）是仇敵（1）羅11:28；

5）敵（1）太13:28；

6）仇敵麼（1）加4:16