ἔμπροσθ-εν,

sts. also ἔμπροσθε Hdt. 5.62, 7.144, al., Isoc. Eph 4:10, in Poets metri gr., Hegesipp.Com. 1.20, Nicom.Com. 1.14, A.R. 4.590: neither form in Hom. or Trag., τοὔμπροσθεν dub. in E. Hipp. 1228.

I Adv.,

1 of Place, before, in front, Hdt. 7.126, X. Cyr. 4.2.23; τὸ and τὰ ἔ. the front, the foreside, Id. HG 2.3.55, Hdt. 5.62, etc.; εἰς τὸ ἔ. forwards, Id. 4.61; στὰς ἐκ τοῦ ἔ. in front, opposite, X. Cyr. 2.2.6: metaph., εἰστοὔμπ. προελθεῖν Isoc.l.c.

2. of Time, before, of old, Pl. Phdr. 277d, etc.; τὰ ἔ. Id. Grg. 448e; τὰ ἔ. τούτων ῥηθέντα Id. Lg. 773e; οἱ ἔ. our ancestors, Id. Plt. 296a, Hegesipp. l.c.; οἱ ἔ. Χρόνοι PPetr. 2p.19 (iii B. C.), etc.

II as Pr c. gen., before, in front of,

1 of Place, ἐ. αὐτῆς (sc. τῆς νηός) Hdt. 8.87, cf. 2.110, etc.

2. of Time, ἔ. ταύτης (sc. τῆς γνώμης) Id. 7.144; ἔ. εἶναι τῶν πραγμάτων to be beforehand with events, D. 4.39.

3. of Degree, ἔ. τοῦ δικαίου preferred before justice, Id. 56.50.

ἔμπροσθεν emprosthen 48x

    also an improper prep., before, in front of, Luk 19:4; Php 3:14; before, in the presence of, in the face of, Mat 5:24; Mat 23:14; before, previous to, Joh 1:15; Joh 1:27; Joh 1:30; from the Hebrew, in the sight or estimation of, Mat 11:26; Mat 18:14

G1715 — ἔμπροσθεν

(Tdf. in Rev 4:6 ἐνπροσθεν (see ἐν, III. 3; cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) 8)), adverb of place and of time (from ἐν and πρόσθεν, properly, in the fore part); (from Herodotus down); the Sept. chiefly for לִפְנֵי; before. In the N. T. used only of place;

1. adverbially, in front, before: Rev 4:6 (opposed to ὄπισθεν, as in Palaeph. 29, 2). before: πορεύεσθαι, to precede, to go before, Luk 19:28; προδραμών ἔμπροσθεν, Luk 19:4 (T WH εἰς τό ἔμπροσθεν, cf. Herodotus 4, 61 (8, 89)), like προπορεύεσθαι ἔμπροσθεν, Xenophon, Cyril 4, 2, 23 (figuratively, Plato, Gorgias, p. 497 a. προιθι εἰς τό ἔμπροσθεν); τά ἔμπροσθεν the things which lie before one advancing, the goal set before one, Phi 3:13 (14) (opposed to τά ὀπίσω).

2. it serves as a preposition, with the genitive (Buttmann, 319 (274); Winers Grammar, § 54, 6);

a. before, i. e. in that local region which is in front of a person or a thing: Mat 5:24; Mat 7:6; Luk 5:19; Luk 14:2; to prostrate oneself ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ποδῶν τίνος, Rev 19:10; Rev 22:8; γονυπέτειν ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, Mat 27:29; πορεύεσθαι ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, to go before one, Joh 10:4; ἀποστέλλεσθαι ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, to be sent before one, Joh 3:28; σαλπίζειν ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, Mat 6:2; τήν ὁδόν κατασκευάσαι, where ἔμπροσθεν τίνος is nearly equivalent to a dative (cf. Buttmann, 172 (150)), Mat 11:10; Mar 1:2 Rec.; Luk 7:27.

b. before, in the presence of, equivalent to opposite to, over against one: στῆναι, Mat 27:11; ὁμολογεῖν and ἀρνεῖσθαι (Buttmann, 176 (153)), Mat 10:32; Mat 26:70; Luk 12:8,(9 Lachmann); also Gal 2:14; 1Th 1:3; 1Th 2:19; 1Th 3:9, 1Th 3:13; before one, i. e. at his tribunal: Mat 25:32; Mat 27:11; Luk 21:36; Act 18:17; 2Co 5:10; 1Th 2:19; (1Jo 3:19). Here belong the expressions εὐδοκία, θέλημα ἐστι ἔμπροσθεν Θεοῦ, it is the good pleasure, the will of God, Mat 11:26; Mat 18:14; Luk 10:21, formed after Chaldean usage; for in 1Sa 12:22 the words יְהוָה הואִיל, God wills, Jonathan the targumist renders יְהוָה קֲדָם רַעֲוָא; cf. Fischer, De vitiis lexamples N. T. etc., p. 329f; (cf. Buttmann, 172 (150)). o. before i. e. in the sight of one: Mat 5:16; Mat 6:1; Mat 17:2; Mat 23:13 (); Mar 2:12 T Tr marginal reading WH; ; Luk 19:27; Joh 12:37; Act 10:4 L T Tr WH.

d. before, denoting rank: γεγονέναι ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, to have obtained greater dignity than another, Joh 1:15, Joh 1:30, also R L brackets; (Gen 48:20 ἔθηκε τόν Αφραιμ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Μανασσῆ; (cf. Plato, legg. 1,631 d.; 5, 743 e.; 7, 805 d.)).

ἔμ - προσθεν ,

adv.

of place (in cl . also of time),

[in LXX chiefly for H6040;]

1. adverbially, before, in front: Luk 19:28; εἰς τὸ ἔ ., Luk 19:4; opp . to ὄπισθεν , Rev 4:6; opp . to τὰ ὀπίσω , τὰ ἔ ., Php 3:13.

2. As prep ., before;

(a) in front of: Mat 5:24; Mat 6:2; Mat 7:6; Mat 11:10; Mat 27:29, Luk 5:19; Luk 7:27; Luk 14:2, Joh 3:28; Joh 10:4, Rev 19:10; Rev 22:8;

(b) in the presence of: Mat 27:11, Gal 2:14, 1Th 1:3; 1Th 2:19; 1Th 3:9 ; 1Th 3:13; ὁμολουεῖν , ἀρνεῖσθαι ( Dalman, Words , 210), Mat 10:32; Mat 10:36; Mat 26:70, Luk 12:8; in forensic sense, Mat 25:32; Mat 27:11, Luk 21:36, Act 18:17, 2Co 5:10, 1Th 2:19 , 1Jn 3:19; εὐδοκία ( θέλημά ) ἐστι ἔ . θεοῦ (a targumic formula; Dalman, Words , 211), Mat 11:26; Mat 18:14, Luk 10:21;

(c) in the sight of: Mat 5:16; Mat 6:1; Mat 17:2; Mat 23:14, Mar 2:12; Mar 9:2, Luk 19:27, Joh 12:37, Act 10:4;

(d) of rank and dignity ( Dem ., Plat ., al. ; LXX , Gen 48:20): Joh 1:15; Joh 1:30. †

詞類次數：副詞（48）

原文字根：在內-向著-安置處 相當於：H6440（לִפְנֵי‎ / לִפְנָי‎ / פָּנֶה‎） H7223（רִאשֹׁון‎）

字義溯源：在⋯之前，在⋯面前，在⋯前面，在前，前頭，前面，面前，前；由（G1722（ἐν / ἐμμέσῳ / ἐννόμως）*=在，入）與（G4314（πρός）=向著）組成；而G4314（πρός）出自（G4253（πρό）*=前）

出現次數：總共（48）；太（18）；可（2）；路（10）；約（5）；徒（2）；林後（1）；加（1）；腓（1）；帖前（4）；約壹（1）；啓（3）

譯字彙編：

1）在⋯面前（16）太6:1；太17:2；太25:32；太26:70；太27:11；太27:29；可9:2；路14:2；路19:27；路21:36；約12:37；加2:14；帖前1:3；帖前3:9；帖前3:13；約壹3:19；

2）面前（9）太10:32；太10:32；太10:33；太10:33；路5:19；路12:8；路12:8；徒10:4；帖前2:19；

3）在⋯前（6）太7:6；太11:10；太11:26；徒18:17；啓19:10；啓22:8；

4）前（5）太5:16；太5:24；太18:14；林後5:10；啓4:6；

5）在⋯前面（3）太6:2；路7:27；約3:28；

6）在⋯以前（2）約1:15；約1:30；

7）當⋯面前（1）可2:12；

8）就在⋯前頭（1）約10:4；

9）當⋯前（1）太23:13；

10）的（1）路10:21；

11）前面（1）腓3:13；

12）前頭（1）路19:4；

13）在前面（1）路19:28