H865. ethmowl
(תּמֹלׅ תְּמוֺל,23, אֶתְמוֺל5, אֹתְּמוֺל [1Sam 10:11], אֶתְּמוֺל [Isa 30:33]; [Micah 2:8] (see infinitive),
substantive, used sometimes as
adverb accusative, yesterday, figurative recently, formerly (Aramaic תְּמָלֵי אִתְּמָלֵי,, sometimes אִתְּמוֺל, , , Mandean עתמאל NöM 202; Ethiopic Assyrian timâli, itimâli, ina timâli (Dl158, 721); derivation dubious; according to MeiGr. Syr. 118 Köii. 264 f. from Arabic II. prolongavit, IV. longam vitam concessit, tempus, the two times, i.e. night and day, in form an infinitive of VI. ; hence properly long time, (past) time, specialized to yesterday); — yesterday, but usually figurative= recently or formerly:
1 [2Sam 15:20] בּוֺאֲךָ תְּמוֺל yesterday (=only lately) was thy coming, [Job 8:9] אנחנו תמול (of) yesterday (Ges§ 141d) are we, [Psa 90:4] (genitive) אֶתְמוֺל בְּיוֺם.
2 usuually in combination with שִׁלְשֹׁם yesterday (and) the third day, to express the idea of formerly: thus
a. as adverb accusative (a) הַיּוֺם גַּם תְּמוֺל גַּם [1Sam 20:27] (literal), compare [Exod 5:14] (sub b); (b) שִׁלְשֹׁם תְּמוֺל [5:8]Ruth [2:11], so ׳שׁ ׳אֶתְמ [1Sam 4:7]; (c) ת ׳גַּם שׁ ׳גַּם [2Sam 3:17]; [1Chr 11:2] (|| [2Sam 5:2] with ׳אֶתְמ).
b. שִׁלְשֹׁם בִּתְמוֺל as formerly [Gen 31:2], [5]; [Exod 5:7]; [Josh 4:18]; [1Sam 21:6] (but Bu ׳מִתְּ, as c), [2Kin 13:5]; ׳כְּאֶתְמ ׳שׁ [1Sam 14:21]; [19:7]; [Exod 5:14] הַיּוֺם גַּם תְּמוֺל גַּם ׳כִּת ׳שׁ as yesterday (and) the third day (= as formerly), both yesterday and to-day (=so more recently).
c. שׁ ׳מִתְּמוֺל = (form) aforetime, [Exod 21:29], [36]; [Josh 3:6], מִתְּ לוֺ שׂנֵא לֹא ׳וְהוּא ׳שׁ [Deut 4:42]; [19:4], [6]; [Josh 20:5]; so שׁ ׳מֵאִתְּמוֺל [1Sam 10:11]; ׳מִתְּ מִשּׁ ׳גַּס גַּס [Exod 4:10].
3 מֵאֶתְמוּל (alone) [Isa 30:33] from yesterday = already; עַמִּי וְאֶתְּמוּל [Micah 2:8] corrupt, read לְעַמִּי וְאַתֶּם (WRS, with יָקוּם; עַמִּי עַל We Now, with תָּקוּמוּ), and see שֵׂלְמָה.