2. kinsman, ib. Gen 13:8, al.; tribesman, Exo 2:11, al.
3. colleague, associate, PTeb. 1.12, IG 12 (9).906.19 (Chalcis); member of a college, ib.14.956.
4. term of address, used by kings, OGI 138.3 (Philae), J. AJ 13.2.2, etc.; generally, LXX Ju. 7.30; esp. in letters, PPar. 48 (ii B. C.), etc.: - as a term of affection, applicable by wife to husband, LXX To. 10.12, PLond. 1.42.1 (ii B. C.), etc.
5. brother (as a fellow Christian), Mat 12:50, Act 9:30, al.; of other religious communities, e.g. Serapeum, PPar. 42.1 (ii B. C.), cf. PTaur. 1.1.20.
6. metaph., of things, fellow,
2. generally, of anything double, twin, in pairs, X. Mem. 2.3.19: - also, akin, cognate,
a brother, near kinsman or relative; one of the same nation or nature; one of equal rank and dignity; an associate, a member of the Christian community brother.
G80 —
(
1. a brother (whether born of the same two parents, or only of the same father or the same mother): Mat 1:2; Mat 4:18, and often. That 'the brethren of Jesus,' Mat 12:46, Mat 12:47 (but WH only in marginal reading); f; Mar 6:3 (in the last two passages also sisters); Luk 8:19; Joh 2:12; Joh 7:3; Act 1:14; Gal 1:19; 1Co 9:5, are neither sons of Joseph by a wife married before Mary (which is the account in the Apocryphal Gospels (cf. Thilo, Cod. Apocr. N. T. i. 362f)), nor cousins, the children of Alphaeus or Cleophas (i. e. Clopas) and Mary a sister of the mother of Jesus (the current opinion among the doctors of the church since Jerome and Augustine (cf. Lightfoot's Commentary on Galatians, diss. ii.)), according to that use of language by which
2. according to a Hebrew use of
3. just as in Lev 19:17 the word
4. a fellow-believer, united to another by the bond of affection; so most frequently of Christians, constituting as it were but a single family: Mat 23:8; Joh 21:23; Act 6:3 (Lachmann omits); Act 9:30; ; Gal 1:2; 1Co 5:11; Phi 1:14, etc.; in courteous address, Rom 1:13; Rom 7:1; 1Co 1:10; 1Jo 2:7 Rec., and often elsewhere; yet in the phraseology of John it has reference to the new life unto which men are begotten again by the efficiency of a common father, even God: 1Jo 2:9ff; 1Jo 3:10, ; etc., cf. 1Jo 5:1.
5. an associate in employment or office: 1Co 1:1; 2Co 1:1; 2Co 2:13(12); Eph 6:21; Col 1:1.
6. brethren of Christ is used of,
a. his brothers by blood; see 1 above.
b. all men: Mat 25:40 (Lachmann brackets); Heb 2:11f (others refer these examples to d.)
c. apostles: Mat 28:10; Joh 20:17.
d. Christians, as those who are destined to be exalted to the same heavenly
ἀδελφός , - οῦ , ὁ
( < ἀ - copul, δελφύς , womb), in cl ., a brother, born of the same parent or parents.
[In LXX (Hort , Ja., 102 f .), for H251;]
1. lit, of a brother (Gen 4:2, al. ).
2. Of a neighbour (Lev 19:17).
3. Of a member of the same nation (Exo 2:14, Deu 15:3). In NT in each of these senses
(1. Mat 1:2, al. ;)
(2. Mat 7:3;)
(3. Rom 9:3) and also,
4. of a fellow-Christian: 1Co 1:1, Act 9:30. This usage finds illustration in Papyri, where ἀ . is used of members of a pagan religious community ( M , Th ., I, 1:4; MM , VGT , s.v. ). The ἀδελφοὶ τ . Κυρίου (Mat 12:46-49 Mat 13:55 Mat 28:10, Mar 3:31-34, Luk 8:19-21, Joh 2:12 Joh 7:3 ; Joh 7:5; Joh 7:10 Joh 20:17, Act 1:14, 1Co 9:5) may have been sons of Joseph and Mary ( Mayor , Ja., Intr. vi ff .; DB, i, 320 ff .) or of Joseph by a former marriage ( Lft ., Gal., 252 ff .; DCG, i, 232 ff .), but the view of Jerome, which makes ἀ . equivalent to ἀνεψιός , is inconsistent with Greek usage. ( Cremer , 66.)
詞類次數：名詞（346）
原文字根：同時的-母腹 相當於：H251（
字義溯源：弟兄，基督徒，同伴，鄰人，兄弟，兄長，長兄；由（G1（
1）肉身的弟兄；和合本有時繙為兄弟，如西門（彼得）和安得烈是兄弟（可1:16），雅各和約翰是兄弟（可1:19; 3:17）；也提說耶穌是雅各，約西，猶大，西門的長兄（G80（
2）屬靈的弟兄；聖靈重生我們，使我們成為神的兒女（羅8:16；約1:12），所以信徒們很自然的就彼此稱為弟兄，姊妹。在耶路撒冷的教會就稱信徒為弟兄（徒15:1,3,22; 16:2）。保羅並且稱信徒們為親愛的弟兄（林前15:58；腓4:1），另一面也提及假弟兄（G5569（
1）弟兄（148）數量太多，不能盡錄；
2）弟兄們（146）數量太多，不能盡錄；
3）兄弟（42）太4:18；太4:21；太4:21；太10:2；太10:2；太14:3；太17:1；太22:24；太22:24；太22:25；可1:16；可1:19；可3:17；可5:37；可6:3；可6:17；可6:18；可12:19；可12:19；可12:19；路3:1；路3:19；路6:14；路12:13；路14:12；路14:26；路15:27；路15:32；路20:28；約1:40；約1:41；約6:8；約11:2；約11:19；約11:21；約11:23；約11:32；徒12:2；加1:19；約壹3:12；約壹3:12；猶1:1；
6）弟兄阿（1）門1:20；
7）弟兄阿!（1）門1:7；
8）眾弟兄（1）徒11:1