H8478. tachath
תַּחַת noun [masculine] the under part (Arabic id.), hence as
adverb accusative and
preposition underneath, below, instead of (so Arabic , Sabean תחת, Ethiopic Phoenician תחת (Lzb385); Biblical Aramaic תְּחוֺת ᵑ7,, Palmyrene in לתחת מן Tariff [Gen 1:4] (Cooke320), Syriac ); — 1 as
adverb accusative [Gen 49:25] (= [Deut 33:13]) the deep תָּ֑חַת רֹבֶצֶת that coucheth beneath; more usually with מִתָּחַת מִן, literally off (מִן
1c) the under part = beneath, [Exod 20:4] (= [Deut 5:8]) מִתָּ֑חַת בָּאָרֶץ (so [4:39]; Joshua 2: [1Kin 8:23] [both D2], [Isa 51:6]), [Deut 33:27]; [Judg 7:8]; [Amos 2:9]; [Isa 14:9]; [Job 18:16]; [Ezek 47:1]b
II. as
preposition; so construct, and with suffix (usually in the plural, and so literally in the parts underneath) תַּחְתַּי [Hab 3:16]+, חַתֵּנִי (compare עוֺדֶנִּי בַּעֲדֵנִי,: Ges§ 103d) [2Sam 22:37], [40], [48] ([Psa 18:37]; [18:40]; [18:48] תַּחְתָּ֑י); תַּחְתֶּיךָ; תַּחְתָּיו (Kt תַּחְתּוֺ [2Sam 2:23]; [3:12]; [16:8]; [Job 9:13]), תֵּחְתֶּיהָ [Lev 13:23] [16]t., תַּחְתֶּ֫נָּה (compare עוֺדֶנָּה אֵינֶנָּה,) [Gen 2:21]; תַּחְתֵּינוּ [1Sam 14:9]; [Psa 47:4]; תַּחְתֵּיהֶם [Josh 2:14]; [Amos 2:13]; תַּחְתֵּיהֶם [Num 16:31]; [1Kin 20:24]; [1Chr 4:41]; [5:22]; [2Chr 12:10] (for תַּחְתָּם [1Kin 14:27]), תַּחְתָּם [Deut 2:12] [10]t., תַּחְתֵּקהֶן [Jer 28:13]; —
1 under, beneath, [Gen 7:19] כָּלֿ תַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם under the whole heaven (so [Deut 2:25]; [4:19]; [Job 28:24]; [37:3]; [41:3]; [Dan 9:12]), Dan 18:4 ׳ת הָעֵץ, Dan 21:15; Dan 24:2+ often; [Job 30:14] ׳תּ שׁוֺאָה under the crash they roll themselves against me; ׳ת הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ [Eccl 1:3], [9], [13] +? Ecclesiastes (so in Phoenician, Cooke4. 7; 5. 12). With לְ[2Chr 4:3] לוֺ תַּחַת, [Song 2:6] = [8:3] ׳ת לְראֹשִׁי. Idiomatic
a. הָהָר תַּחַת at the foot of the mountain, [Exod 24:4]; [Deut 4:11], so [3:17] ת הַמִּסְגָּה ׳אַשְׁדֹּת [Josh 11:3], [17] +; figurative [Psa 18:37] אְעָדַי תַּרְחִיד תַּחְתָּ֑י thou broadenest mysteps under me, [Job 36:15] תַּחְתֶּיךָ מוּצָק לאֹ רַחַב (so read for תחתיה, Di Bu) breadth unstraitened is beneath thee.
b. ת ׳הַלָּשׁוֺן, of something held there as a dainty morsel, and ready, when needed, to be brought out, figurative of sweetness [Song 4:11], of evil [Psa 10:7] ת וָאָוֶן עָמָל ׳לְשֹׁנוֺ, [Job 20:12] (so ׳ת שְׁפָתֵימוֺ [Psa 140:4]), of praise [66:17] ת ׳וְרוֺמַם לְשֹׁנוֺ (synonym בִּגְרוֺנָם [149:6]).
c. פ ׳תַּחַת: (a) of subjection, [Psa 18:40] קָמַי רִיעַ תַּכְּ תַּחְתָּ֑י, [18:48] (compare [47:4]; [144:2]), [45:6]; [Job 9:13]. (b) of a woman, ׳ת אִישָׁתּ, i.e. under his authority, [Num 5:19-20], [29], so [Ezek 23:5] תַּחְתַּי being under me = being mine (figurative of Israel as ׳יs spouse), compare ὕπανδρος [Rom 7:2], and Qor 66:10. (c) of being burdened or oppressed under, [Isa 24:5] the earth ת ׳הָֽנְפָה יָֽשְׁבֶיהָ, [Prov 30:21] ׳ת אֶרֶץ רָגְזָה שָׁלוֺשׁ, [30:22]; [30:23]; [Hab 3:7] ׳ת אָיֶן i.e. (si vera 1.) suffering under calamity.
d. ׳ת פ ׳יַד, of authority or control, [Gen 41:35] ת בָר ׳וְיִצְבְּרוּ מַּרְעֹה יַד; [Judg 3:30] (compare [Psa 106:42]), [1Sam 21:4]; [21:5] (strike out אֶל; dittograph חֹל), v.[21:9]; [Isa 3:6].
e. ׳ת פ ׳רַגְלֵי, of subjection or conquest, [Psa 8:7] ת ׳שַׁתָּה כֹּל רַגְלָיו, [18:39]; [47:4]; [Lam 3:34], compare Malachi 3:31.
2 what is under one, the place in which one stands: hence as accusative,
a. with reflexive pronoun, idiomatic, in one's place, where one stands, [Exod 16:29] אִישׁ שְׁבוּ תַּחְתָּיו abide every one in his place, [Lev 13:23], [28]; [Josh 5:8]; [6:5], [20]; [Judg 7:21]; [1Sam 14:9] תַחְתֵּינוּ וְעָמַדְנוּ we will remain where we are, [2Sam 2:23] תַּחְתָּו וַיָּמָת he died where he was (compare [Jer 38:9] [read וּמֵת]), [7:10]; [Isa 25:10]; [46:7]; [Amos 2:13]; [Hab 3:16] אֶרְגָּ֑ז וְתַחְתַּי I tremble where I stand, [Zech 12:6]; [14:10]; [Job 36:20]; [40:12] תַּחְתָּם
b. in transferred sense, in place of, instead of: (a) [Gen 2:18]; [4:25] ׳ת הֶבֶל instead of Abel, [22:13] ׳ת בְּנוֺ, [30:2] ׳הֲת אנכי אלהיס (compare [50:19]), [44:33]; [2Sam 19:1] + often; [Job 16:4]; [Isa 3:24]; [55:13]; [61:3], [7]; of one succeeding to the place of another, וַיִּמְחֹ תַּחְתָּיו Genesis 36:33-49 [1Kin 8:20]; [11:43]; [14:20] + often, [Deut 2:12], [21] תַחְתָּם וַיֵָּֽשְׁבוּ, [Lev 16:32]; [1Kin 2:35] +; [Psa 45:17] in place of thy fathers (whom thou mayest therefore forget) will be thy children. compare in Ph CISi.3.9 (Cooke30). Sq. infinitive [Isa 60:15] ׳ת הֱיוֺתֵח instead of thy being . . . Peculiarly [Job 34:26] (si vera lectio)= as if they were, like; but text very dubious; Bi Bu רְשָׁעִ֑ים חֲמָתוֺ תָּחֵת his wrath breaketh in pieces the wicked. (b) in particular, of things mutually interchanged, in place of, in exchange or return for: [Gen 30:15] ׳ת בְנֵח דּוּדָאֵי in return, for thy son's love-apples, [Exod 21:23]) גֶפְשׁlife for life, [21:24]; [21:25]; [21:26]; [21:27]; [21:36]; Exodus 22:37, [Josh 2:14] לָמוּת תַחְתֵּיכֶם נַפְשֵׁנוּ, [1Sam 2:20]; [1Kin 20:39] ת ׳נפשׁך נפשׁו, [20:42] (compare [2Kin 10:24]), [21:2]; [Isa 43:3-4], often with verbs of requiting, [Gen 44:4] ת רָעָה שִׁלַּמְתֶּם ׳לָ֫מּה טוֺבָם why have ye rewarded evil in exchange for good ? [1Sam 25:21]; [2Sam 16:12]; [19:22]; [Psa 35:12] ת דָעָה ׳יְשַׁלְּמוּנִי טוֺבָה, [38:21]a; [109:4]; [109:5]; [Prov 17:3] +; [Jer 5:19] מֶה תַּחַת in return for what? (compare עַלמֶֿה [22:8]; [Deut 29:23]; [1Kin 9:8]). So followed by infinitive [Psa 38:21]b. 3 as
conjunction: a. אֲשֶׁר תַּחַת: (a) instead of that (German. anstatt dass), [Deut 28:62] ׳ת ׳א הֱיִיתֶם instead of that ye were..., instead of your being.., [Ezek 36:34]. (b) in return for (the fact) that, because that (ᵐ5 ἀνθ’ ὧν [Amos 1:3] + often), [Num 25:13] ׳ת לא קִנָּא ׳אֲשֶׁר, [Deut 21:14]; [22:29]; [28:47]; [1Sam 26:21]; [2Kin 22:17] [2Chr 34:25]; [Isa 53:12]; [Jer 29:19]; [50:7]; [2Chr 21:12].
b. כִּי תַּחַת [Deut 4:37] (but ? read : וֶַתּחִי as end of [4:36]), [Prov 1:29]. compare (כִּיׅ אֲשֶׁר עֵקֶב.
III compounds: —
1 אֶלתַּֿחַת, after a verb of motion:
a. (in) under, [Judg 6:19] ׳ת הָאֵלָה אֶלֿ וַיּוֺצֵא, [1Kin 8:6] (|| [2Chr 5:7]), [Jer 3:6]; [38:11] (on [1Sam 21:5] see
II. 1 d); after קָרָא [Zech 3:10]: so ׳אֶלתֿ ׳לְ [Ezek 10:2].
b. into the place of, [Lev 14:42].
2 מִתַּחַת (= ὑπ’ ἐκ):
a. alone, from under, from beneath as הַשָּׁמַיִם מִתַּחַת [Gen 1:7], and especially after such verbs as שִׁחֵת [6:17], מָחֶה [Exod 17:14]; [Deut 9:14]; [25:19]; [29:19]; [2Kin 14:27], הֶאֲבִיד [Deut 7:24], compare [Lam 3:66]; [Ezek 47:1] a הַבַּיִת ׳מִתּ מִמְּתַּן, [Prov 22:27] מִּתַּחְתֶּיךָ מִשְׁכָּֽבְּךָ יִקַח לָ֫מָּה; [Exod 6:6-7], ׳מִתּ מִצְרַיִם סִבְלוֺת, [Hosea 4:12] מִתּ ׳וַיִּזְנוּ אֱלֹהֵיהֶם (compare
II. 1 c a, b); ׳מִתּ פ ׳יַד (compare
II. 1 d) from under the hand (power) of ... [Exod 18:10]; [2Kin 8:20], [22]; [13:5]; [17:7] +; מִתַּחְתָּיו (compare
II. 2 a) from his place [Exod 10:23]; [Zech 6:12]. Rarely = תַּחַת or לְ ׳מִתַּחַת, [Gen 1:9] (P) [Ezek 1:8]; [42:9]; [46:23]; [Job 26:5].
b. לְ ׳מִתַּחַת (opposed to לְ ׳מִמַּעַל) under, beneath: [Gen 1:17] לָרָקִיעַ מִתּ אֲשֶׁר ׳הַמַּיִם, [Exod 20:4] לָאָרֶץ מִתַּחַת הַמַּיִם (so [Deut 4:18]; [5:8]), [Judg 3:16] ׳מִתּ לְמַדָּיו, [Jer 38:12] +; of locality, [Gen 35:8] ׳מִתּ לְבֵיתְאֵל, [1Sam 7:11]; [1Kin 4:12].
c. לְ ׳לְמִתַּחַת ( compare מִן
9b), id quod לְ ׳מִתַּחַת [1Kin 7:32].
מִתְחָה / תַּחַת
原文音譯:tx;T; takh’-ath
詞類次數:質詞 名詞(511)
原文字根:在下;相當於G1893(ἐπεί) G2005(ἐπιτελέω) G2736(κάτω / κατωτέρω) G2737(κατώτερος)
字義溯源:底下,在下,下面,下邊,倒下,以下,之下,在其下,在⋯下,在⋯之下,在下面,在本處,本處,在原處,豈能代替,代替,取替,接續,接著,背著,為⋯緣故,為何,因為,因,報,還,根,換,用。這字有如(H8430(תֹּוחַ)=陀亞,意:謙卑)
出現次數:總共(501);創(31);出(51);利(12);民(15);申(26);書(14);士(9);得(1);撒上(11);撒下(16);王上(42);王下(40);代上(16);代下(27);尼(1);斯(2);伯(22);詩(23);箴(9);傳(34);歌(4);賽(33);耶(16);哀(2);結(22);但(3);何(2);珥(1);摩(2);俄(1);拿(1);彌(3);哈(2);番(1);亞(5);瑪(1)
譯字彙編:
1)下(70)[創7:19];[創24:2];[創24:9];[出18:10];[出20:4];[出20:4];[出24:4];[出24:10];[利27:32];[申2:25];[申4:11];[申4:19];[申4:39];[申12:2];[申25:19];[申29:20];[書11:17];[士4:5];[士7:8];[撒上7:11];[撒上14:2];[撒上21:3];[撒上21:4];[撒上21:8];[撒上22:6];[撒上31:13];[撒下22:39];[王上4:25];[王上4:25];[王上7:24];[王上7:30];[王上7:44];[王上8:23];[王上14:23];[王下8:20];[王下8:22];[王下13:5];[王下16:4];[王下17:10];[代上10:12];[代上29:24];[代下21:8];[代下21:10];[代下21:10];[代下28:4];[伯30:7];[詩18:38];[詩106:42];[傳7:6];[歌2:6];[歌4:11];[歌8:3];[歌8:5];[賽57:5];[耶2:20];[耶3:6];[耶3:13];[耶38:12];[耶38:12];[哀3:34];[結6:13];[結6:13];[結32:27];[結47:1];[珥1:17];[拿4:5];[彌4:4];[彌4:4];[亞3:10];[亞3:10];
2)接續他(57)[創36:33];[利6:22];[申10:6];[撒下10:1];[王上11:43];[王上14:20];[王上14:31];[王上15:8];[王上15:24];[王上15:28];[王上16:6];[王上16:10];[王上16:28];[王上22:40];[王上22:50];[王下1:17];[王下8:15];[王下8:24];[王下12:21];[王下13:9];[王下13:24];[王下14:16];[王下14:29];[王下15:7];[王下15:22];[王下15:38];[王下16:20];[王下19:37];[王下20:21];[王下21:18];[王下21:24];[王下21:26];[王下24:6];[代上1:44];[代上1:45];[代上1:46];[代上1:47];[代上1:48];[代上1:49];[代上1:50];[代上19:1];[代上29:28];[代下1:8];[代下9:31];[代下12:16];[代下14:1];[代下17:1];[代下21:1];[代下22:1];[代下24:27];[代下26:23];[代下28:27];[代下32:33];[代下33:20];[代下33:25];[代下36:8];[賽37:38];
3)之下(49)[創6:17];[出17:14];[出23:5];[出25:35];[出25:35];[出25:35];[出26:33];[出27:5];[申7:24];[申9:14];[王下14:27];[伯28:24];[伯36:16];[伯40:21];[伯41:11];[傳1:9];[傳1:13];[傳1:14];[傳2:3];[傳2:22];[傳3:16];[傳4:1];[傳4:3];[傳4:7];[傳4:15];[傳5:13];[傳5:18];[傳6:1];[傳6:12];[傳8:9];[傳8:15];[傳8:15];[傳8:17];[傳9:3];[傳9:6];[傳9:9];[傳9:9];[傳9:11];[傳9:13];[傳10:5];[賽57:5];[哀3:66];[結10:8];[結31:6];[結42:9];[結46:23];[結47:1];[但9:12];[何4:13];
4)代替(44)[創4:25];[創22:13];[創44:33];[利14:42];[民3:12];[民3:41];[民3:41];[民3:45];[民3:45];[民8:16];[民8:18];[撒上2:20];[撒下16:12];[撒下17:25];[撒下19:13];[王上2:35];[王上20:39];[王上20:42];[王上20:42];[王下17:24];[斯2:4];[斯2:17];[伯31:40];[伯31:40];[詩35:12];[箴21:18];[賽3:24];[賽3:24];[賽3:24];[賽3:24];[賽3:24];[賽55:13];[賽55:13];[賽60:17];[賽60:17];[賽60:17];[賽60:17];[賽61:3];[賽61:3];[賽61:3];[賽61:7];[耶29:26];[耶37:1];[結4:15];
5)底下(38)[創21:15];[創35:4];[創35:8];[創47:29];[創49:25];[出6:6];[出6:7];[出26:19];[出26:25];[出26:25];[出36:24];[出36:24];[出36:26];[出36:26];[出36:30];[申4:18];[申5:8];[申5:8];[書24:26];[士1:7];[士6:11];[士6:19];[得2:12];[撒下18:9];[撒下22:37];[王上5:3];[王上8:6];[王上13:14];[王上19:4];[王上19:5];[代下4:3];[代下5:7];[伯18:16];[伯20:12];[詩91:4];[賽51:6];[摩2:9];[瑪4:3];
6)接續(16)[利16:32];[民32:14];[王上3:7];[王上5:1];[王上8:20];[王下10:35];[王下14:21];[王下23:30];[王下23:34];[代上29:23];[代下6:10];[代下26:1];[代下27:9];[代下36:1];[詩45:16];[耶22:11];
7)在⋯之下(15)[出36:24];[民22:27];[書4:9];[撒下22:10];[傳1:3];[傳2:11];[傳2:17];[傳2:18];[傳2:19];[傳2:20];[傳3:1];[賽10:4];[賽10:4];[賽10:16];[哈3:7];
8)還(13)[出21:24];[出21:24];[出21:24];[出21:24];[出21:25];[出21:25];[出21:25];[出21:36];[出22:1];[出22:1];[利24:20];[利24:20];[利24:20];
9)以下(10)[出30:4];[出37:21];[出37:21];[出37:21];[出37:27];[申33:27];[耶38:11];[結1:8];[結1:23];[結10:2];
10)在⋯下(8)[創16:9];[創18:4];[創18:8];[出21:20];[出32:19];[詩18:9];[詩47:3];[結20:37];
11)因(7)[民25:13];[申22:29];[撒下19:21];[王下22:17];[代下34:25];[詩38:20];[耶50:7];
12)繼續他(6)[創36:34];[創36:35];[創36:36];[創36:37];[創36:38];[創36:39];
13)報(5)[撒上25:21];[詩38:20];[詩109:5];[詩109:5];[箴17:13];
14)下的(5)[創1:7];[創1:9];[書2:11];[王下17:7];[耶52:20];
15)底(5)[申3:17];[申4:49];[書12:3];[王上7:32];[詩10:7];
16)之下的(4)[民6:18];[撒下18:9];[伯26:5];[結10:20];
17)底下的(4)[出26:19];[出26:19];[出26:21];[出26:21];
18)接著(4)[申2:12];[申2:21];[申2:22];[申2:23];
19)背著(3)[民5:19];[民5:20];[民5:29];
20)在其下(3)[伯26:8];[結17:23];[結24:5];
21)因為(3)[申21:14];[箴1:29];[賽53:12];
22)代替他(3)[王上2:35];[王下24:17];[箴11:8];
23)取替他(3)[王下15:10];[王下15:14];[王下15:30];
24)自己的地方(3)[出16:29];[書5:8];[撒下7:10];
25)在他以下(3)[出17:12];[伯9:13];[彌1:4];
26)在原處(3)[利13:23];[利13:28];[亞14:10];
27)根(2)[書11:3];[書13:5];
28)本處(2)[亞6:12];[亞12:6];
29)豈能代替(2)[創30:2];[創50:19];
30)代替他們(2)[王上20:24];[伯34:24];
31)在本處(2)[伯36:20];[伯40:12];
32)換(2)[王上21:2];[王上21:6];
33)接續你(2)[王上5:5];[王上19:16];
34)代替你(2)[撒下18:33];[賽43:4];
35)就是(1)[箴30:22];
36)以及(1)[箴30:23];
37)連(1)[箴30:21];
38)使(1)[箴30:21];
39)睡臥的(1)[箴22:27];
40)代替他的(1)[傳4:15];
41)你下到(1)[賽14:9];
42)被(1)[賽24:5];
43)你下(1)[賽14:11];
44)歸在⋯下(1)[賽3:6];
45)使⋯代替你(1)[賽43:3];
46)在我以下!(1)[詩144:2];
47)裏(1)[詩140:3];
48)在我以下(1)[詩18:39];
49)我底下的(1)[詩18:36];
50)服在(1)[詩8:6];
51)寧肯⋯代替(1)[結16:32];
52)在我以下的(1)[詩18:47];
53)在你以下(1)[詩45:5];
54)的深處(1)[詩139:15];
55)來還報(1)[詩109:4];
56)在下面(1)[詩66:17];
57)在我們之下(1)[詩47:3];
58)反在⋯裏(1)[代上17:1];
59)在他之下(1)[賽25:10];
60)繼此(1)[但8:8];
61)繼之(1)[但8:22];
62)放在⋯以下(1)[出38:4];
63)現今(1)[結36:34];
64)歸我之後(1)[結23:5];
65)的約束(1)[何4:12];
66)你到底下(1)[摩2:13];
67)其旁的(1)[創2:21];
68)的緣故(1)[番2:10];
69)我在所立之處(1)[哈3:16];
70)陷害你(1)[俄1:7];
71)在牠以下(1)[結17:6];
72)以下有(1)[結10:21];
73)繼續的(1)[耶5:19];
74)雖然(1)[賽60:15];
75)在固定之處(1)[賽46:7];
76)替換(1)[賽43:4];
77)答(1)[耶18:20];
78)牠底下(1)[伯41:30];
79)他在底下(1)[耶38:9];
80)就在⋯底下(1)[士3:30];
81)這是因為(1)[耶29:19];
82)換給他們(1)[耶28:13];
83)歸於⋯下(1)[創41:35];
84)但底下(1)[伯28:5];
85)也在底下(1)[書7:22];
86)裏面(1)[士3:16];
87)在底下(1)[書7:21];
88)塌(1)[書6:20];
89)陷(1)[書6:5];
90)自己之處(1)[士7:21];
91)代替她(1)[士15:2];
92)替他(1)[撒下3:12];
93)他後面的(1)[撒下2:23];
94)因你(1)[撒上24:19];
95)原處(1)[撒上14:9];
96)接續他們的(1)[書5:7];
97)願代替你們(1)[書2:14];
98)在他們底下的(1)[民16:31];
99)要因(1)[出21:27];
100)接續他作(1)[出29:30];
101)賠償(1)[利24:18];
102)跟著(1)[利22:27];
103)就要因(1)[出21:26];
104)償(1)[出21:23];
105)地底下的(1)[申33:13];
106)先前(1)[申28:62];
107)你底下的(1)[申28:23];
108)這樣(1)[申4:37];
109)在我底下(1)[撒下22:40];
110)我之下的(1)[撒下22:48];
111)代替那些(1)[代下12:10];
112)我所騎(1)[尼2:14];
113)其下的(1)[代下4:15];
114)在其中(1)[代上17:9];
115)他們當中(1)[代上5:22];
116)的境遇(1)[伯16:4];
117)為著(1)[創30:15];
118)如同(1)[伯34:26];
119)之間(1)[伯30:14];
120)用(1)[伯28:15];
121)他身下(1)[利15:10];
122)他們那地(1)[代上4:41];
123)在其下的(1)[王下16:17];
124)下邊(1)[王上4:12];
125)下面(1)[王上7:29];
126)以(1)[創44:4];
127)要接續我(1)[王上1:35];
128)要代替我(1)[王上1:30];
129)代替那金盾牌(1)[王上14:27];
130)當接續他(1)[王下3:27];
131)就取替他(1)[王下15:25];
132)邊(1)[創35:8];
133)要償(1)[王下10:24];
134)他底下(1)[王下9:13];
135)震(1)[伯37:3]