H2790. charash

I. [חָרַשׁ‎] verb cut in, engrave, plough, devise (Late Hebrew id., plough, so Eth Phoenician חרש‎, Aramaic (rare) חֲרַת‎ engrave, cleave, plough, Arabic plough) —

Qal Perfect חָֽרְשׁוּ‎ Psa 129:3, חֲרַשְׁתֶּם‎ Judg 14:18; Hosea 10:13; Imperfect יַחֲרשׁ‎ Isa 28:24; Prov 20:4; יַחֲרוֺשׁ‎ Hosea 10:11+ Amos 6:12 (see below); 2 masculine singular תַּחֲרשׁ‎ Deut 22:10; Prov 3:29; Infinitive construct חֲרשׁ‎ 1Sam 8:12; Participle חֹרֵשׁ‎ Gen 4:22 5t.; חוֺרֵשׁ‎ Amos 9:13; plural חֹרְשִׁים‎ Psa 129:3, חֹרְשֵׁי‎ Job 4:8 3t., feminine plural absolute חֹרְשׁוֺת‎ 1:14; passive חֲרוּשָׁה‎ Jer 17:1: —

1 cut in, engrave, of worker in metals ׳ח וּבַרְזֶל נְחשֶׁת‎ Gen 4:22 (J), ׳ח נחשׁת‎ 1Kin 7:14; figurative ׳ח לִבָּם עַללֿוּחַ‎ Jer 17:1 engraved on the tablet of their heart.

2 plough, literally, human subject (animal usually with בְּ‎), no object expressed 1Kin 19:19; Deut 22:10; Isa 28:24, so בבקרים יַחֲרוֺשׁ‎ Amos 6:12 (but read probably יָם בבקר יֵחָרֵשׁ‎, see We and others); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb ׳ח חֲרִישׁוֺ‎ 1Sam 8:12 plough his ploughing (= do his ploughing), Prov 20:4; figurative of Judah Hosea 10:11; with ethical reference ׳ח רֶשַׁע‎ 10:13 (|| קצר‎), ׳ח אָוֶן‎ Job 4:8 (|| קצר זרע,‎); חֹרְשִׁים חָֽרְשׁוּ עַלגַּֿבִּי‎ Psa 129:3 upon my back have ploughmen ploughed (figurative of oppression by wicked); חֹרֵשׁ‎ = ploughman Isa 28:24; Amos 9:13 (|| קוֺצֵר‎); ׳ח‎ with oxen subject only Job 1:14.

3 devise (as one who works in, practises), usually bad sense, object רָעָה‎ Prov 3:29, רַע‎ 6:14; אָוֶן מַחְשְׁבוֺת‎ 6:18, חֹרְשֵׁירַע‎ 12:20; 14:22; but also טוֺב חֹרְשֵׁי‎ 14:22.

Niph`al Imperfect3feminine singular תֵּחָרֵשׁ שָׂדֶה צִיּוֺן‎ Micah 3:12 Zion, as a field she shall be ploughed = Jer 26:18.

Hiph`il Participle עַלֿ רָעָה מַחֲרִישׁ‎ 1Sam 23:9 fabricating mischief against (see Dr, and compare We).

II. [חָרֵשׁ‎] verb 1. be silent, dumb, speechless;

2 be deaf; chiefly poet. (Late Hebrew Pi`el make deaf; Aramaic , be dumb, deaf; Arabic be dumb, speechless, compare Assyrian —arâšu, restrain, according to Dl^{Pr 100}; see Lag^{BN 120}) —

Qal Imperfect יֶחֱרָ֑שׁ‎ Psa 50:3; 2masculine singular תֶּחֱרַשׁ‎ 28:1; 83:2; תֶּחֱרַ֑שׁ‎ 35:22; 109:1; תֶּחֱרָ֑שׁ‎ 39:13; 3feminine plural תֶּחֱרַ֑שְׁנָה‎ Micah 7:16; —

1 be silent, always of God's keeping silence when men pray Psa 35:22; 50:3; 83:2; 109:1; followed by אֶלֿ‎ 39:13.

2 be deaf, subject ׳י‎, followed by מִמֶּנִּי‎ Psa 28:1; subject אָזְנַיִם‎ Micah 7:16.

Hiph`il Perfect חֶחֱרִשׁ‎ Num 30:15; Gen 34:5; יְחֶחֱרִישׁ‎ consecutive Num 30:5; 30:8; וְהֶחֱרִשׁ‎ consecutive 30:12; הֶחֱרַ֫שְׁתִּי‎ Est 7:4 2t. etc.; Imperfect יַחֲרִישׁ‎ Num 30:15 2t. (including Zeph 3:17 see below); 2 masculine singular תַּחֲרִישׁ‎ Hab 1:13; jussive תַּחְרֵשׁ‎ 1Sam 7:8; 2masculine plural תַּחֲרִישׁוּן‎ Job 13:5; תַּחֲרִשׁוּן‎ Exod 14:14, etc.; Imperative הַחֲרֵשׁ‎ Judg 18:19 2t.; הַחֲרִ֫ישִׁי‎ 2Sam 13:20; הַחֲרִ֫ישׁוּ‎ Job 13:13; Isa 41:1; Infinitive absolute הַחֲרֵשׁ‎ Num 30:15 2t.; Participle מַחֲרִישׁ‎ Gen 24:21 2t. (including 1Sam 10:27 see below); מַחֲרִישִׁים‎ 2Sam 19:11; —

1 be silent (= exhibit silence)

a. almost always of men Gen 24:21; 34:5; Exod 14:14 (all J), Judg 18:19; 2Sam 13:20; 19:11; 2Kin 18:36 = Isa 36:21; Jer 4:19; Job 6:24; 13:5 (twice in verse); 13:19; 33:31, 33; Prov 11:12; 17:28; Psa 32:3; Neh 5:8; Est 4:14 (twice in verse); 7:4; also כְּמַחֲרִישׁ וַיְהִי‎ 1Sam 10:27 (but read rather כְּמֵחֹדֶשׁ ויהי‎ and it came to pass after about a month, ᵐ5‎ Dr); באהבתו יחרישׁ‎ Zeph 3:17 (יְחַדֵּשׁ ᵑ6 ᵐ5‎ he will renew his love, see especially Buhl^ZAW see 1885, 183); ׳ח‎ with לְ‎ person keep silence at one, i.e. fail to make objection at proper time Num 30:5; 30:8; 30:12; 30:15 (3 t. in verse) (all P); ׳הח אלי‎ Isa 41:1 pregnantly = come silently unto me; followed by מִן‎ person cease to speak with Jer 38:27; be silent about, pass by in silence, followed by accusative ׳אח בַּדָּיו‎ Job 41:4.

b. rarely of God, permitting evil in silence Hab 1:13; Isa 42:14; Psa 50:21.

2 once causat. make silent, with accusative Job 11:3.

3 be deaf, shew deafness: מִזְּעֹק מִמֶּנּוּ תַּחֲרֵשׁ אַלֿ‎ 1Sam 7:8 be not deaf (turning) from us, so as not to cry. **

Hithpa`el Imperfect3masculine plural וַיִּתְחָֽרְשׁוּ‎ Judg 16:2 and they kept quiet.

詞類次數：動詞（73）

原文字根：全神貫注；相當於G2270（ἡσυχάζω） G4601（σιγάω）

字義溯源：刻劃，雕刻*，銘刻，耕種，耕田，耕地，耕犁，扶犁，犁地，扶犁而耕，發明，緘默，默然，孤單，不言，不要作聲，堵著，停止，啞口，閉口，閉口不言，閉口無聲，設計，圖謀，謀，想像，安靜，靜默，靜默無聲，秘密進行，緘默不言，不再說話，靜默不言，不出一言，禁止口舌，工作

出現次數：總共（73）；創（3）；出（1）；民（6）；申（1）；士（3）；撒上（4）；撒下（2）；王上（1）；王下（1）；尼（1）；斯（3）；伯（11）；詩（10）；箴（9）；賽（5）；耶（4）；何（2）；摩（2）；彌（2）；哈（1）；番（1）

譯字彙編：

1）緘默（6）民30:4；民30:14；民30:14；士16:2；撒下13:20；詩28:1；

2）閉口（5）斯4:14；伯6:24；詩50:3；詩83:1；詩109:1；

3）緘默不言（3）創24:21；伯13:19；伯41:12；

4）靜默（3）箴17:28；賽41:1；賽42:14；

5）靜默不言（2）王下18:36；耶4:19；

6）謀（2）箴14:22；箴14:22；

7）圖謀（2）箴6:18；箴12:20；

8）耕種（2）撒上8:12；箴20:4；

9）耕地（2）王上19:19；伯1:14；

10）耕犁（2）申22:10；摩6:12；

11）不要作聲（2）士18:19；伯33:31；

12）你們⋯耕地（1）士14:18；

13）那犁地（1）賽28:24；

14）他們靜默不言（1）賽36:21；

15）都犁地（1）賽28:24；

16）求你⋯閉口（1）詩35:22；

17）施設（1）箴6:14；

18）他們就⋯不再說話（1）耶38:27；

19）卻靜默不言（1）箴11:12；

20）銘刻（1）耶17:1；

21）必耕田（1）何10:11；

22）被耕種（1）彌3:12；

23）堵著（1）彌7:16；

24）你竟緘默不語（1）哈1:13；

25）設（1）箴3:29；

26）耕種的（1）摩9:13；

27）默然（1）番3:17；

28）你們耕種（1）何10:13；

29）他卻⋯緘默（1）民30:7；

30）必被耕種（1）耶26:18；

31）我閉口（1）詩32:3；

32）設計（1）撒上23:9；

33）不出一言（1）撒下19:10；

34）他們就靜默（1）尼5:8；

35）不言（1）斯4:14；

36）啞口一樣（1）撒上10:27；

37）停止（1）撒上7:8；

38）就閉口不言（1）創34:5；

39）只管安靜緘默（1）出14:14；

40）卻保持緘默（1）民30:11；

41）完全（1）民30:14；

42）我也閉口不言（1）斯7:4；

43）那些耕種（1）伯4:8；

44）器具（1）創4:22；

45）靜默無聲（1）詩39:12；

46）我還閉口不言（1）詩50:21；

47）扶犁的（1）詩129:3；

48）你不要作聲（1）伯33:33；

49）你們不要作聲（1）伯13:13；

50）閉口不作聲麼（1）伯11:3；

51）你們全然（1）伯13:5；

52）閉口無聲（1）伯13:5；

53）扶犁而耕（1）詩129:3