ἀντί,

Pr governing gen.: - orig. sense, over against. (Cf. Skt. a/nti ’opposite’, ’facing’, Lat. ante, etc.) USAGE:

I of Place, opposite, over against, formerly quoted from several places of Hom., as Il. 21.481 ἀντὶ ἐμεῖο (where now ἀντί’ ἐμεῖο, i.e. ἀντία) Τρώων ἄνθ’ ἑκατόν (i.e. ἄντα) 8.233; so ἄντ’ Αἴαντος (i.e. ἄντα) 15.415, cf. Od. 4.115, Hes. Op. 727; but ἀντί is so used in X. An. 4.7.6, IG 2.835 c-l 68; αἱ ὀπαὶ αἱ γιγνόμεναι ἀ. τόρμων mortises facing tenons, Hero Bel. 97.5; ἀντὶ μαιτύρων in the presence of witnesses, Leg.Gort. 1.40; ἀντὶ τῆς ὄψεως ἡμῶν Eudox. Ars 18.

II of Time, ἀντὶ νυκτός the same night, SIG 1025.43 (Cos); ἀντὶ ϝέτεος GDI 2561 A 45 (Delph.); ἀντ’ ἐνιαυτοῦ IG 5(2).266.8 (Mantinea, i B.C.); ἀνθ’ ἡμέρας· δι’ ὅλης τῆς ἡμέρας, Hsch.; cf. ἀντετοῦς.

III

1. instead, in the place of, Ἕκτορος ἀντὶ πεφάσθαι Il. 24.254; ἀντὶ γάμοιο τάφον Od. 20.307; so later πολέμιος ἀντὶ φίλου καταστῆναι Hdt. 1.87; ἀντὶ ἡμέρης νὺξ ἐγένετο Id. 7.37; ἀντὶ φωτῶν σποδός A. Ag. 434; τὸν πόλεμον ἀντ’ εἰρήνης μεταλαμβάνειν Th. 1.120, cf. 4.20, 7.75; βασιλεύειν ἀντί τινος X. An. 1.1.4; also ἀντὶ ἄρχεσθαι ὑπ’ ἄλλων ἄρχειν ἁπάντων Hdt. 1.210, cf. 6.32, 7.170 (where the usual constr. would be ἀντὶ τοῦ ἄρχεσθαι, cf. Th. 7.28, X. Cyr. 6.2.19, etc.); ὀργίλοι ἀντὶ θυμοειδοῦς γεγένηνται Pl. R. 411c: sts. used elliptically, ἦ ’τολμήσατ’ ἀντ’ ἐμοῦ δοῦναί τινι; i.e. ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐμοὶ δοῦναι, S. Ph. 369, cf. OC 448, Ar. Av. 58.

2. in Hom. often to denote equivalence, ἀντί νυ πολλῶν λαῶν ἐστιν ἀνήρ he is as good as many men, Il. 9.116; ἀντὶ κασιγνήτου ξεῖνος.. τέτυκται a guest is as much as a brother, Od. 8.546; ἀντί τοί εἰμ’ ἱκέταο I am as a suppliant, Il. 21.75, cf. 8.163; so later τοῦτό σφι ἀντὶ λουτροῦ ἐστί serves as a bath, Hdt. 4.75; ὑπάρχειν ἀντὶ τῶν ἔνδον to be as hostages for.., Th. 2.5; δουλεύειν ἀντὶ ἀργυρωνήτων just like bought slaves, D. 17.3; ἀντὶ [πλεύμονος] βράγχια Arist. PA 669a4.

3. to denote exchange, at the price of, in return for, σοὶ δὲ θεοὶ τῶνδ’ ἀντὶ χάριν.. δοῖεν Il. 23.650; νῆσον ἀντὶ χρημάτων παρέλαβον for money paid, Hdt. 3.59; ἀντ’ ἀργυρίου ἀλλάξασθαι Pl. R. 371d; ἀμείβειν τι ἀντί τινος Pi. P. 4.17, cf. E. Or. 646, 651; ἀντὶ ποίας εὐεργεσίας; Lys. 6.40, etc.; τί δ’ ἐστὶν ἀνθ’ οὗ..; S. Ant. 237; ὄνειδος ἀνθ’ ὅτου Id. OC 967; δοίην ἀντ’ ἀνιῶν ἀνίας grief for grief, Thgn. 344; ἀντ’ ἀγαθῶν ἀγαθοῖσι βρύοις A. Supp. 966: - hence ἀνθ’ ὧν wherefore, A. Pro 31:1-31, S. OT 264, Th. 6.83, Luk 12:3; ἀντὶ τούτου therefore, Eph 5:31; but ἀνθ’ ὧν also for ἀντὶ τούτων ὄτι.., because, S. Ant. 1068, Ar. Pl. 434; ἀντὶ τοῦ; wherefore? why? S. OT 1021; also ἀνθ’ ὧν ὅτι ἦτε.. instead of being as you were.., LXX De. 28.62.

4. for the sake of, Pl. Mx. 237a, Arist. EN 1110a21; with Verbs of entreaty, like πρός c. gen., ἀντὶ παίδων ἱκετεύομέν σε S. OC 1326.

5. to mark comparison, ἓν ἀνθ’ ἑνός one set against the other, compared with it, Pl. R. 331b, Lg. 705b; χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος, i.e. ever-increasing grace, Joh 1:16; in preference to, ἀφνεὸν βούλεται ἀντ’ ἀγαθοῦ Thgn. 188; ἀντὶ αὐλοῦ καὶ ἀντὶ κιθάρας ὁ ἦχος ἀκούεται Demetr. Eloc. 71; αἱρεῖσθαί τι ἀντί τινος Isoc. 9.3, D. 1.1, cf. X. Lac. 9.1: even after Comparatives, πλέον ἀντὶ σοῦ S. Tr. 577; μείζον’ ὅστις ἀντὶ τῆς αὑτοῦ πάτρας φίλον νομίζει Id. Ant. 182; so (esp. after a neg.) ἄλλος ἀντ’ ἐμοῦ A. Pr. 467, S. Aj. 444, Ar. Nu. 653; δόξαν ἀντὶ τοῦ ζῆν ἠγαπηκώς Plu. Alex. 42.

POSITION: ἀντί rarely follows its case, as in Il. 23.650, A. Ag. 1277, Ig 5(1).1119 (Geronthrae, iv B.C.), AP 7.715 (Leon.); but the Gramm. hold that it never suffers anastrophe.

IN COMPO S. it signifies,

1 over against, opposite, as ἀντιβαίνω, ἀντίπορος.

2. against, in opposition to, as ἀντιλέγω, ἀντίβιος.

3. one against another, mutually, as ἀντιδεξιόομαι.

4. in return, as ἀντιβοηθέω.

5. instead of, as ἀντιβασιλεύς, ἀνθύπατος.

6. equal to, like, as ἀντίθεος, ἀντίπαις, ἀντίδουλος.

7. corresponding, counter, as ἀντίφορτος, ἀντίτυπος.

ἀντί anti 22x

    over against; hence, in correspondence to, answering to, Joh 1:16; in place of, Mat 2:22; in retribution or return for, Mat 5:38; in consideration of, Heb 12:2; Heb 12:16; on account of, Mat 17:27; ἀνθ’ ὡ , because, Luk 1:20

G473 — ἀντί

(before ὤν, ἀνθ'; elsewhere neglecting elision) a preposition followed by the genitive (answering to the Latinante and the German prefixesant-,ent-), in the use of which the N. T. writings coincide with the Greek (Winer's Grammar, 364 (341));

1. properly, it seems to have signified over against, opposite to, before, in a local sense (Alexander Buttmann (1873) Gram., p. 412; (cf. Curtius, § 204)). Hence,

2. indicating exchange, succession, for, instead of, in place of (something).

a. universally, instead of: ἀντί ἰχθύος ὄφιν, Luk 11:11; ἀντί περιβολαίου to serve as a covering, 1Co 11:15; ἀντί τοῦ λέγειν, Jam 4:15 (ἀντί τοῦ with the infinitive often in Greek writings (Winers Grammar, 329 (309); Buttmann, 263 (226))).

b. of that for which anything is given, received, endured: Mat 5:38; Mat 17:27 (to release me and thyself from obligation); Heb 12:2 (to obtain the joy; cf. Bleek, Lünemann, or Delitzsch at the passage); of the price of sale (or purchase): Heb 12:16; λύτρον ἀντί πολλῶν, Mat 20:28; Mar 10:45. Then c. of recompense: κακόν ἀντί κακοῦ ἀποδιδόναι, Rom 12:17; 1Th 5:15; 1Pe 3:9,(Wis. 11:16 (15)). ἀνθ' ὧν equivalent to ἀντί τούτων, ὅτι for that, because: Luk 1:20; Luk 19:44; Act 12:23; 2Th 2:10 (also in secular authors (examples in Wetstein (1752) on Luk 1:20); cf. Herm. ad Vig., p. 710; (Winers Grammar, 364 (342), cf. 162 (153); Buttmann, 105 (92)); Hebrew אֲשֶׁר תַּחַת, Deu 21:14; 2Ki 22:17).

d. of the cause: ἀνθ' ὧν wherefore, Luk 12:3; ἀντί τούτου for this cause, Eph 5:31.

e. of succession to the place of another: Ἀρχέλαος βασιλεύει ἀντί Ἡρῴδου in place of Herod, Mat 2:22 (1 Kings 11:44; Herodotus 1, 108; Xenophon, an. 1, 1, 4). χάριν ἀντί χάριτος grace in the place of grace, grace succeeding grace perpetually, i. e. the richest abundance of grace, Joh 1:16 (Theognis, verse 344 ἀντ' ἀνιων ἀνιας (yet cf. the context verse 342 (vss. 780 and 778, Welcker edition); more appropriate are the references to Philo, i. 254, Mang. edition (de poster. Caini § 43, vol. ii. 39, Richter edition), and Chrysostom de sacerdot. l. 6 c. 13 § 622)).

3. As a prefix, it denotes a. opposite, over against: ἀντιπεραι, ἀντιπαρέρχεσθαι.

b. the mutual efficiency of two: ἀντιβάλλειν, ἀντικάλειν, ἀντιλοιδόρειν.

c. requital: ἀντιμισθία, ἀνταποδίδωμι.

d. hostile opposition: ἀντίχριστος.

e. official substitution instead of: ἀνθύπατος.

ἀντί

(the ι is elided only in ἀνθ᾽ ὧν ), prep . c . gen . ( cf. MM , VGT , s.v. );

1. prop , in local sense, over against, opposite, hence;

2. instead of, in place of, for ( Hom ., etc.): Mat 5:38; Mat 17:27, Luk 11:11, 1Co 11:15, Heb 12:2; c . artic. inf . ( cl .), Jas 4:15; of succession, Mat 2:22; χάριν ἀ . χάριτος , Joh 1:16 ( M , Pr., 100); of price in exchange, Heb 12:16; λύτρον ἀ . πολλῶν , Mat 20:28, Mar 10:45 ( M , Pr., 105); of requital, Rom 12:17, 1Th 5:16 , 1Pe 3:9 ( cf. Wis 11:15 ); ἀνθ᾽ ὧν , because, Luk 1:20; Luk 19:44, Act 12:23, 2Th 2:10 ( cl ., LXX for H834 H8478); id . therefore ( cl ., LXX ), Luk 12:3; ἀ . τούτου ( LXX for H3651 H5291)Eph 5:31. As a prefix, ἀντι - (before vowels ἀντ -, ἀνθ᾽ -), denotes

(a) over against, ἀντιπέραν ;

(b) co-operation, ἀντιβάλλειν ;

( c) requital, ἀντιμισθία ;

(d) opposition, ἀντίχριστος ;

(e) substitution, ἀνθύπατος .

Compounds of ἀ . usually govern dat . (B1., § 37, 7). †

詞類次數：介詞（22）

原文字根：交換

字義溯源：相對*，代替，交換，還報，為著，接著，為，因著，因為，因，以，作，加，替，當，倒該。這字有下面幾個意義：

1）表示緣由像（路1:20; 19:44；帖後2:10）譯為：因；（弗5:31）譯為：為；在（徒12:23）的因為，和合本未譯出

2）用作比擬（林前11:15）女人的長頭髮，是給她‘作’蓋頭。這裏的作蓋頭，不是取替蒙頭的帕子，乃是有如蒙頭的帕子；是比擬的意思

3）表示相對，就像G476（ἀντίδικος）=對頭G478（ἀντικαθίστημι）=從事抵抗G483（ἀντιλέγω）=辯駁 4）表示還報以眼還眼，以牙還牙（太5:38）；這裏的‘還’字就是G473（ἀντί）5）表示付出代價的交換，與（G591（ἀποδίδωμι）=賣）連合使用。如以掃因（G473（ἀντί））一點食物把自己長子名分賣了（G591（ἀποδίδωμι））；（來12:16）

6）表示代替（接替，接著）如（太2:22）亞基老接著（G473（ἀντί））他父親希律作了猶太王。現在我們要指出末了這兩點在救贖上的重大意義；因為基督徒乃是用基督寶血為贖價所買回來的。主說；他要捨命，作多人的贖價（太20:28；可10:45）這裏的‘作G473（ἀντί））’，不僅僅是出代價來交換，也是代替。主耶穌站在我們的地位上來代替我們；他捨命代替我們捨命，他付上贖價代替我們付贖價同源字：（略） 同義字：1G473（ἀντί）相對 2G2190（ἐχθρός）可恨的，仇敵

譯字彙編：

1）因（4）路1:20；帖後2:10；來12:2；來12:16；

2）還（4）太5:38；太5:38；彼前3:9；彼前3:9；

3）為（3）路12:3；路19:44；弗5:31；

4）作（3）太20:28；可10:45；林前11:15；

5）以（2）羅12:17；帖前5:15；

6）倒該（1）雅4:15；

7）因為（1）徒12:23；

8）當（1）路11:11；

9）為著（1）太17:27；

10）接著（1）太2:22；

11）上加（1）約1:16