G1799 — ἐνώπιον
neuter of the adjective ἐνώπιος, ἐνώπιον (equivalent to ὁ ἐν ὠπι ὤν, one who is in sight, Theocritus, 22, 152; the Sept. [Exo 33:11]; ἄρτοι ἐνωπιοι, [Exo 25:29]); used adverbially it gets the force of a preposition (Winers Grammar, § 54, 6; Buttmann, 319 (274)), and is joined with the genitive (hardly to be found so in any secular authors), before, in sight of anyone; time and again in the Sept. for בֲּעֵינֵי and לִפְנֵי, also for נֶגֶד and לְנֶגֶד; among N. T. writings used most frequently by Luke and the author of the Book of Revelation, but never by Matthew and Mark. It is used:
1. of occupied place: in that place which is before, or over against, opposite, anyone and toward which another turns his eyes;
a. properly: εἶναι ἐνώπιον τίνος, [Rev 1:4]; [Rev 7:15]; ([Rev 14:5] Rec.)); so that εἶναι must be mentally supplied before ἐνώπιον, [Rev 4:5]; [Rev 8:3]; [Rev 9:13]; after στῆναι, [Act 10:30]; ἑστηκεναι, [Rev 7:9]; [Rev 8:2]; [Rev 11:4]; [Rev 12:4]; [Rev 20:12]; παρεστηκέναι, [Luk 1:19]; [Act 4:10]; ἱσταναι, [Act 6:6]; καθῆσθαι, [Rev 11:16]; θύρα ἀνεῳγμένη ἐνώπιον τίνος, equivalent to a door opened for one (see θύρα, c. γ. (Buttmann, 173 (150))), [Rev 3:8]; after verbs signifying motion to a place: τιθέναι, [Luk 5:18]; ἀναβαίνειν, [Rev 8:4]; βάλλειν, [Rev 4:10]; πίπτειν or πεσεῖν (of worshippers), [Rev 4:10]; [Rev 5:8]; ([Rev 7:11]); προσκυνεῖν, [Luk 4:7]; [Rev 3:9]; [Rev 15:4] (cf. Buttmann, as above; 147 (129); Winers Grammar, 214 (201)).
b. in metaphorical phrases after verbs signifying motion: βαστάζειν τό ὄνομα... ἐνώπιον ἐθνῶν (see βαστάζω, 3), [Act 9:15]; σκάνδαλα βάλλειν ἐνώπιον τίνος, to cast stumbling-blocks (incitements to sin) before one, [Rev 2:14]; after προέρχεσθαι, to go before one like a herald, [Luk 1:17]; (after προπορεύεσθαι, [Luk 1:76] WH). in phrases in which something is supposed to be done by one while standing or appearing in the presence of another (cf. Buttmann, 176 (153)): after ἀρνεῖσθαι, [Luk 12:9] (Lachmann ἔμπροσθεν); (ἀπαρνεῖσθαι, ibid.); ὁμολογεῖν, [Rev 3:5] (Rec. ἐξομολογήσομαί); κατηγορεῖν, [Rev 12:10]; (ᾄδειν, [Rev 14:3]); καυχᾶσθαι, to come before God and glory, [1Co 1:29]; δικαιοῦν ἑαυτόν, [Luk 16:15].
c. equivalent to apud (with); in the soul of anyone: χαρά γίνεται ἐνώπιον τῶν ἀγγέλων, [Luk 15:10] (others understand this of God's joy, by reverent suggestion described as in the presence of the angels; cf. ἐν οὐρανῷ, [Luk 15:7]); ἔσται σοι δόξα ἐνώπιον τῶν συνανακειμένων, [Luk 14:10] (others take this outwardly; cf. 2 below); after verbs of remembering and forgetting: εἰς μνημόσυνον ἐνώπιον (L T Tr WH ἔμπροσθεν) τοῦ Θεοῦ, [Act 10:4]; μνησθῆναι ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, [Act 10:31]; [Rev 16:19]; ἐπιλελησμένον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, [Luk 12:6] (cf. Buttmann, § 134, 3).
2. before one's eyes; in one's presence and sight or hearing;
a. properly: φαγεῖν ἐνώπιον τίνος, [Luk 24:43]; this same phrase signifies a living together in [Luk 13:26] ([2Sa 11:13]; [1Ki 1:25]); σημεῖα ποιεῖν, [Joh 20:30]; ἀνακρίνειν, [Luk 23:14]; ἐνώπιον πολλῶν μαρτύρων, [1Ti 6:12]; add Luke ([Luk 5:25]); ; [Act 19:9], [Act 19:19]; [Act 27:35]; ([1Ti 5:20]); [3Jo 1:6]; [Rev 3:5]; ([Rev 13:13]; [Rev 14:10]).
b. metaphorically: πίστιν ἔχε ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, have faith satisfied with this that it is not hidden from the sight of God, [Rom 14:22]; ἁμαρτάνειν ἐνώπιον τίνος (see ἁμαρτάνω at the end), [Luk 15:18], [Luk 15:21]; especially in affirmations, oaths, adjurations: ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, τοῦ κυρίου, etc., [Gal 1:20]; [1Ti 5:21]; [1Ti 6:13]; [2Ti 2:14]; [2Ti 4:1]. Hence, those are said to do something in the presence of one who have him present to their thought, who set him before their mind's eye: προωρώμην (πρωρωμην L T Tr WH) τόν κύριον ἐνώπιον μου, [Act 2:25]; ταπεινοῦσθαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ κυρίου, [Jam 4:10] (Sir. 2:17).
c. at the instance of anyone, by his power and authority: [Rev 13:12], [Rev 13:14]; [Rev 19:20].
d. before the eyes of one, i. e. if he turns his eyes thither: [Heb 4:13] (where οὐκ ἀφανής ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ is explained by the following γυμνά... τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ; cf. [Job 26:6] γυμνός ὁ ᾅδης ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, before his look, to his view).
e. before one i. e. he looking on and judging, in one's judgment (Winers Grammar, 32; Buttmann, 172 (150); § 133, 14): ἐφάνησαν ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν ὡσεί λῆρος, [Luk 24:11] (cf. Greek ἡρακλειδη λῆρος πάντα δοκεῖ εἶναι); so especially ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, τοῦ κυρίου, after the following words: τά ἀρεστά, [1Jo 3:22]; βδέλυγμα, [Luk 16:15]; δίκαιος, [Luk 1:6] (T Tr WH ἐναντίον); [Act 4:19]; δικαιοῦσθαι, [Rom 3:20]; εὐάρεστος, [Heb 13:21]; εὐθύς, [Act 8:21] Rec.; καλόν, ἀπόδεκτον, [1Ti 2:3]; [1Ti 5:4]; [Rom 12:17]; [2Co 8:21]; μέγας, [Luk 1:15]; πολυτελές, [1Pe 3:4]; πεπληρωμένος, [Rev 3:2]; ἀρέσκειν, [Act 6:5] ([Deu 1:23] (Alex.); [2Sa 3:36]; (Winers Grammar, § 33, f.)); in the sight of God i. e. God looking on and approving: [Luk 1:75]; [Act 10:33]; [2Co 4:2]; [2Co 7:12]. in the sight of God, or with God: εὑρίσκειν χάριν (חֵן מָצָא often in the O. T.), to be approved by God, please him, [Act 7:46].
† ἐνώπιος , - ον
( < ὤψ ),
[in LXX for H6440, etc.;]
face to face, in sight (Theocr.; ἄρτοι ἐ ., [Exo 25:29]): neut., ἐνώπιον , in vernacular, with force of prep . c . gen . [in LXX for H6440, H5869, etc., cf. Dalman, Words , 31 f ., 209 f ., and Deiss., BS ., 213], in NT, most freq . in Lk, Ac, Re, never in Mt, Mk, before, in the presence of: [Luk 1:19] [Luk 4:7], [Act 4:10] [Act 6:5], [Rev 1:4]; [Rev 2:14], al. ; esp . ἐ . Κυρίου ( θεοῦ ), in the sight of God, or with God as witness or as judge, Rom 14:22 , [1Co 1:29], [1Ti 2:3], Jas 4:10 , [1Pe 3:4], al.