σκληρός, ά, όν, also Dor., Pi. O. 7.29, Epich. [288], hyperdor. σκλᾱρός Ti.Locr. 104c: - hard, opp. μαλακός in all senses:
I hard to the touch, ξύλον ς. ἢ μαλακόν Thgn. 1194; ἐλαία Pi.l.c.; γῆ A. Pers. 319, cf. X. Oec. 16.11; κοίτη Pl. Lg. 942d, etc.
2. of sound, harsh, σκληρὸν ἐβρόντησε Hes. Th. 839; βρονταί Hdt. 8.12; ἡ φωνὴ σκληροτέρα Arist. Aud. 801b38, al.
3. of taste and smell, harsh, bitter, ς. ὕδατα (springing from a rocky soil) Hp. Aër. 1; so σκληρότατος ἀὴρ καὶ τόπος Plb. 4.21.5; of wine, dry, Ar. Fr. 579, Dsc. Alex.Praef.; ὀσμαί Thphr. CP 6.14.12 ( Comp. ): metaph., ς. φράσις D.H. Pomp. 2 .
4. stiff, unyielding, opp. ὑγρός (lithe and supple), τιτθία ς. καὶ κυδώνια Ar. Ach. 1199; σκληρότεροι μαστοί Arist. PA 688a27; σκέλη X. Eq. 1.6; τί τὸ ὑγρὸν τοῦ χαλινοῦ καὶ τί τὸ ς . ib. 10.10; of the hair (cf. σκληρόθριξ ), Arist. HA 517b11 ( Comp. ), al.; ς. δέρμα, σάρξ, Id. PA 665a2, Phgn. 806b22, etc.; of persons, Pl. Tht. 162b, Smp. 196a, Plu. Ages. 13, Luc. Salt. 21; of dogs, X. Cyn. 3.2; τράχηλος ib. 5.30; οἱ τὸ σῶμα ς . Arist. Pr. 873a34, al.
5. κοιλίη ς . costive, Hp. Aph. 3.25, cf. Arist. PA 670b9 .
6. of light, strong, ἐν ς. αὐγῇ ἢ μαλακῇ Id. Col. 793b17 .
7. of a wind, strong, Ep.Jac. 3.4, Poll. 1.110, Ael. NA 9.57 .
II metaph.,
1 of things, hard, austere, μὴ τὰ μαλακὰ μῶσο, μὴ τὰ ς. ἔχῃς Epich. l.c.; τροφή S. OC 1615; δίαιται E. Fr. 525.5; βίος Men. 522; τὰ ς . hard words, S. OC 1406; ς. συμφοραί E. Fr. 684.3; σκληρὰ μαλθακῶς λέγων S. OC 774; τόνος ἀπηνὴς καὶ ς . Plu. Phoc. 2; τὸ ς. = σκληρότης, ἡ δίαιτα . . ὑπερβάλλει ἐπὶ τὸ ς . Arist. Pol. 1270b33 .
2. of persons, harsh, austere, cruel, stubborn, S. Fr. 24.7, Pl. Tht. 155e, Ti.Locr. l.c.; ς. ἀοιδός, of the Sphinx, S. OT 36; ς. γὰρ αἰεί E. Alc. 500; ὦ ς. δαῖμον Ar. Nu. 1264; τοὺς τρόπους σκληρός Id. Pax 350; ἄγροικοι καὶ ς . Arist. EN 1128a9; ς. ψυχή S. Aj. 1361, Tr. 1260 (anap.); ς. ἄγαν φρονήματα Id. Ant. 473; ἦθος Pl. Smp. 195e; ς. θράσος stubborn courage, E. Andr. 261 .
III Adv., -ρῶς καθῆσθαι, i.e. on a hard seat, Ar. Eq. 783; εὐνάζεσθαι X. Cyn. 12.2 .
2. hardly, with difficulty, E. Fr. 282.9 .
3. harshly, obstinately, ς. διαμάχεσθαι Pl. Lg. 629a; ἀπειλεῖν ib. 885d; τὰ μαλακὰ ς. καὶ τὰ σκληρὰ μαλακῶς λέγειν Arist. Rh. 1408b9; ς. αὐλεῖν Id. Aud. 803a20 . (Prob. cogn. with σκέλλω .)
σκληρός sklēros 5x
dry, hard to the touch; met. harsh, severe, stern, [Mat 25:24];
vehement, violent, fierce, [Jas 3:4];
grievous, painful, [Act 26:14];
grating to the mind, repulsive, offensive, [Joh 6:60];
stubborn, resistance to authority, [Jud 1:15]
G4642 — σκληρός
σκληρά, σκληρόν (σκέλλω, σκληναι, (to dry up, be dry)), from (Hesiod, Theognis), Pindar, Aeschylus down; the Sept. for קָשֶׁה, hard, harsh, rough, stiff (τά σκληρά καί τά μαλακά, Xen) mem. 3, 10, 1); of men, metaphorically, harsh, stern, hard: [Mat 25:24] ([1Sa 25:3]; [Isa 19:4]; [Isa 48:4]; many examples from secular authors are given by Passow, under the word, 2 b.; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, II. 2; especially Trench, § xiv.)); of things: ἄνεμος, violent, rough, [Jam 3:4]; ὁ λόγος, offensive and intolerable, [Joh 6:60], equivalent to ὅς σκανδαλίζει, 61; σκληρά λαλεῖν κατά τίνος, to speak hard and bitter things against one, Jude 1:15 (σκληρά λαλεῖν τίνι is also used of one who speaks roughly, [Gen 42:7], [Gen 42:30]; ἀποκρίνεσθαι σκληρά, to reply with threats, [1Ki 12:13]); σκληρόν ἐστι followed by an infinitive, it is dangerous, turns out badly (A. V. it is hard), [Act 9:5] Rec.; .
σκληρός , - ά , - όν
( < σκέλλω , to dry),
[in LXX chiefly for H7185; ]
hard to the touch, rough, harsh, ( opp . to μαλακός ); metaph ., in various uses;
(a) of men, hard, stern, severe: [Mat 25:24];
(b) of things, hard, rough, violent: σκληρόν σοι ( ἐστι ), [Act 26:14]; λόγος , [Joh 6:60]; ἄνεμος , [Jas 3:4]; σκληρὰ λαλεῖν , [Jud 1:15]. †
SYN.: αὐστηρός G840, q.v.