ἐσθίω

(cf. ἔσθω, ἔδω, the latter of which is the radic. form, and supplies fut. and pf. of ἐσθίω), impf. ἤσθιον Hes. Op. 147: fut. ἔδομαι (old pres. subj. of non-thematic stem) Il. 4.237, Ar. Pax 1357 (lyr.), etc.; ἐδοῦμαι late, (προκατ-) Luc. Hes. 7, etc.: pf. ἐδήδοκα Ar. Eq. 362, X. An. 4.8.20; opt. ἐδηδοκοίη Cratin. 320; part. ἐδηδώς, -υῖα, Il. 17.542, h.Merc. 560: plpf. ἐδηδόκειν Luc. Gall. 4 (v.l.): - Med., aor. 1 ἠδεσάμην (κατ-) Gal. 5.752: - Pass., ἐσθίομαι Od. 4.318, Thphr. HP 1.12.4, Luc. Cyn. 11, etc.: aor. 1 ἠδέσθην v.l. in Hp. Vict. 2.54, Arist. Pr. 908a29, (ἀπ-, κατ-) Pl.Com. 138, 35: pf. ἐδήδεσμαι (κατ-) Pl. Phd. 110e, ἐδήδεμαι (ἀπ-) Arist. HA 591a5 (v.l.); Eph 3:1-21 sg. ἐδήδοται Od. 22.56. -

1. The aor. 2 and later also the fut. are supplied by φαγ- (v. φαγεῖν); in Ion. and Hellenistic Greek the pf. is βέβρωκα βέβρωμαι, aor. Pass. ἐβρώθην; in late Greek the pres. is τρώγω: - eat, ἐσθιέμεν καὶ πινέμεν Od. 2.305, 21.69; τὰ ἐσθίοντα ἐν στρατιᾷ the ration-strength, X. Cyr. 1.6.17: usu. c. acc., κρέα ἤσθιον Od. 20.348, cf. S. Fr. 671 (from a satyric drama), E. Cyc. 233: c. gen., ἐ. τινός eat of.., X. HG 3.3.6, etc.; of animals, devour, ἤσθιε δ’ ὥς τε λέων ὀρεσίτροφος Od. 9.292; χρόα γῦπες ἔδονται Il. 4.237, cf. Hes. Th. 524, 773, Semon. 9, etc.; consume, βίοτον καὶ κτήματ’ ἔδονται Od. 2.123: - Pass., ἐσθίεταί μοι οἶκος my house is eaten up, I am eaten out of house and home, 4.318; ὅσσα τοι ἐκπέποται καὶ ἐδήδοται 22.56.

2. metaph., πάντας πῦρ ἐσθίει the fire devours all, Il. 23.182; of an eating sore, A. Fr. 253: - Pass., ὀδόντες ἐσθιόμενοι decayed teeth, Thphr. Char. 19.3; ἐσθιόμενα eroded parts of the bowel, Hp. Epid. 4.20.

3. fret, vex, ἐ. ἑαυτόν Ar. V. 287 (lyr.); ἐ. τὴν χελύνην ὑπ’ ὀργῆς to bite the lip, ib. 1083; ἐ. καρδίαν Pythag. ap. Plu. 2.12e.

4. take in one’s mouth, γλῶτταν αὐλοῦ Philostr. Im. 1.20.

G2068, G5315

ἐσθίω esthiō 158x

    to eat, Mat 12:1; Mat 15:27; ἐσθίειν καὶ πίνειν, to eat and drink, to eat and drink in the usual manner, follow the common mode of living, Mat 11:18; also with the associated notion of supposed security, Luk 17:27; to feast, banquet, Mat 24:49; met. to devour, consume, Heb 10:27; Jas 5:3; from the Hebrew, ἄρτον ἐσθίειν, to eat bread, to take food, take the usual meals, Mat 15:2 eat.

G2068 — ἐσθίω

and ἔσθω, which see (lengthened forms of ἔδω (cf. Curtius, Das Verbum, ii., p. 429)); imperfect ἤσθιον; 2 aorist ἔφαγον (from ΦΑΓΩ); future φάγομαι (2 person φάγεσαι, Luk 17:8 (references under the word κατακαυχάομαι, at the beginning)), for the classic ἔδομαι, see Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Spr. ii, p. 185; Kühner, i., p. 824; (Winers Grammar, 89 (85); Buttmann, 58 (51); but especially Veitch, under the word); the Sept. for אָכַל; (from Homer down); to eat; Vulg.manduco, (edo, etc.); (of animals, to devour);

a. absolutely: Mat 14:20; Mat 15:37, Mat 15:38; Mat 26:26; Mar 6:31; Mar 8:8; Joh 4:31, and often; ἐν τῷ φαγεῖν, in eating (the supper), 1Co 11:21; διδόναι τίνι φαγεῖν, to give one (something) to eat, Mat 14:16; Mat 25:35, Mat 25:42; Mar 5:43; Mar 6:37; Luk 9:13 (and with addition of an accusative of the thing to be eaten, Joh 6:31, Joh 6:52; ἐκ τίνος, Rev 2:7; (cf. Winer's Grammar, 198f (187f))); φέρειν τίνι φαγεῖν, to bring one (something) to eat, Joh 4:33; specifically in opposition to abstinence from certain kinds of food, Rom 14:3, Rom 14:20; ἐσθίειν καί πίνειν (and φαγεῖν καί πιεῖν), to use food and drink to satisfy one's hunger and thirst, 1Co 11:22; contextually, to be supported at the expense of others, 1Co 9:4; not to shun choice food and in a word to be rather a free-liver, opposed to the narrow and scrupulous notions of those who abstain from the use of wine and certain kinds of food, Mat 11:19; Luk 7:34; opposed to fasting (τό νηστεύειν), Luk 5:33; of those who, careless about other and especially graver matters, lead an easy, merry life, Luk 12:19; Luk 17:27; 1Co 15:32 (Isa 22:13); of the jovial use of a sacrificial feast, 1Co 10:7 from Exo 32:6; preceded by a negative, to abstain from all nourishment, Act 23:12, Act 23:21; to use a spare diet, spoken of an ascetic mode of life, Mat 11:18; of fasting, Act 9:9; ἐσθίειν (καί πίνειν) μετά τίνος, to dine, feast (in company) with one, Mat 9:11; Mar 2:16; Luk 5:30; with one (he providing the entertainment), i. e. at his house, Luk 7:36; μετά τῶν μεθυόντων etc., of luxurious revelling, Mat 24:49; Luk 12:45; ἐπί τραπέζης τοῦ Χριστοῦ, the food and drink spread out on Christ's table, i. e. to enjoy the blessings of the salvation procured by Christ (which is likened to a banquet), Luk 22:30; ἐσθίειν τίνι, to one's honor, Rom 14:6.

b. construed with an accusative of the thing, to eat (consume) a thing (Winer's Grammar, 198 (187) note): Mat 6:25; Mar 1:6; Joh 4:32; Joh 6:31; Rom 14:2; 1Co 8:13; 1Co 10:25, etc.; ἄρτον, to take food, eat a meal (after the Hebrew לֶחֶם אָכַל, Gen 43:25; Exo 2:20; 1Sa 20:24; Pro 23:7), Mat 15:2; Mar 3:20; Luk 14:1, Luk 14:15; τόν ἑαυτοῦ ἄρτον, obtained by his own labor, 2Th 3:12; ἄρτον παρά τίνος (the genitive of person) to be supported by one, 2Th 3:8; τά παρά τίνος, the things supplied by one, Luk 10:7, equivalent to τά παρατιθέμενα in Luk 10:8 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 366 (343)); 1Co 10:27; μή ἐσθίων ἄρτον μήτε πίνων οἶνον, to live frugally, Luk 7:33; τό κυριακόν δεῖπνον φαγεῖν, to celebrate the Lord's supper, 1Co 11:20; τό πάσχα, to eat the paschal lamb, celebrate the paschal supper, Mat 26:17; Mar 14:12, Mar 14:14; Luk 22:8, Luk 22:11, Luk 22:15, Luk 22:16 L T Tr WH; Joh 18:28; τάς θυσίας, to celebrate the sacrificial feasts, said of Jews, 1Co 10:18; of animals, in Luk 15:16 (where ὧν stands by attraction for ἅ, because ἐσθίειν with a simple genitive of thing is nowhere found in the N. T. (Winers Grammar, 198 (187) note)) by a usage hardly to be met with in classical Greek (Winers Grammar, § 28, 1; (Buttmann, 159 (139))), ἐκ τίνος, to (take and) eat of a thing: Luk 22:16 (R G); Joh 6:26, Joh 6:50; 1Co 11:28; on the other hand, ἐκ τοῦ καρποῦ (L T Tr WH τόν καρπόν), ἐκ τοῦ γάλακτος ἐσθίειν, in 1Co 9:7, is to support oneself by the sale of the fruit and the milk (but cf. Buttmann, as above, and Meyer at the passage). ἐκ with the genitive of place: ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ, draw their support from the temple, i. e. from the sacrifices and offerings, 1Co 9:13 (but T Tr WH read τά ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ); also ἐκ θυσιαστηρίου, i. e. from the things laid on the altar, Heb 13:10 (Winer's Grammar, 366 (344)). by a Hebraism (מִן אָכַל), ἀπό τίνος (cf. Winer's Grammar, 199 (187)): Mat 15:27; Mar 7:28. Metaphorically, to devour, consume: τινα, Heb 10:27; τί, Rev 17:16; of rust, Jam 5:3. (Compare: κατεσθίω, συνεσθίω.)

G2068 — ἔσθω

ἐσθίω ,

and (poët. and late prose) ἔσθω ,

[in LXX chiefly for H398;]

to eat;

(a) absol. : Mat 14:20-21, Mar 6:31, Joh 4:31, al. ; ἐν τ . φαγεῖν (on this aor. form, v. M , Pr., 111), 1Co 11:21; διδόναι φαγεῖν , c. dat. pers ., Mar 5:43, al. ; ἐ . καὶ πίνειν , Mat 6:25; Mat 6:31 Luk 10:7, al. ; of ordinary use of food and drink, 1Co 9:4; 1Co 11:22; of partaking of food at table, Mar 2:16, Luk 5:30, al. ; opp . to fasting, Mat 11:18, Luk 5:33, al. ; of revelling, Mat 24:49, Luk 12:45;

(b) c . acc rei : Mat 6:25, Mar 1:6, Joh 6:31, Rom 14:2, al. ; ἄρτον ( Heb . לֶחֶם H398) Mat 15:2, Mar 3:20, al. ; τὸν ἑαυτοῦ ἄ ., 2Th 3:12; ἄ . seq . παρά , c . gen . pers ., 2Th 3:8; τά seq . id ., Luk 10:7; τ . πάσχα , Mat 26:17, Mar 14:12, al ; τ . κυριακὸν δεῖπνον , 1Co 11:20; τ . θυσίας , 1Co 10:18; seq . ἐκ ( = cl . part. gen .), Joh 6:26; Joh 6:50-51 , 1Co 11:28; ἀπό ( cf. Heb . H8082 H398), Mat 15:27, Mar 7:28; metaph ., to devour, consume: Heb 10:27, Jas 5:3, Rev 17:16 ( cf. κατ -, συν - εσθίω ).

Φάγομαι ,,

Hellenistic for cl . ἔδομαι , see ἐσθίω .

詞類次數：動詞（65）

原文字根：喫 相當於：H398（אָכַל‎）

字義溯源：喫，喫飯，吞滅；源自（G1477（ἑδραίωμα）X*=喫），比較G5315（ἐσθίω）=喫；G5315（ἐσθίω）為G2068（ἐσθίω / ἔσθω）的不定過去時式。約翰來了，也不喫，也不喝，人就說他是被鬼附著的（太11:18）。人子來了，也喫，也喝，人又說他是貪食好酒的（太11:19）。主耶穌說，我是從天上降下來生命的糧，人若喫這糧，就必永遠活著（約6:51）。猶太人彼此爭論說，這個人怎能把他的肉，給我們喫呢（約6:52）。聖靈對眾教會說，得勝的，我必將神樂園中生命樹的果子給他喫（啓2:7）。似乎約翰和主耶穌的喫喝，都招來議論，然而聖靈所說這個喫，就不再有人議論了!

同源字：1）G2068（ἐσθίω / ἔσθω）喫 2）G2719（κατεσθίω / κατέσθω）吞喫 3）G4906（συνεσθίω）一同喫飯參讀G1089（γεύομαι）同義字

出現次數：總共（66）；太（11）；可（12）；路（12）；徒（1）；羅（10）；林前（17）；帖後（2）；來（1）

譯字彙編：

1）喫（36）太11:18；太11:19；太12:1；太15:2；太15:27；太24:49；太26:26；可1:6；可7:2；可7:5；可7:28；可14:18；可14:22；可14:22；路5:33；路6:1；路7:33；路7:34；路10:7；路12:45；徒27:35；羅14:6；羅14:6；羅14:6；羅14:6；林前8:10；林前9:7；林前9:7；林前9:13；林前10:18；林前10:28；林前11:22；林前11:27；林前11:28；林前11:29；林前11:29；

2）喫的（6）可14:18；路15:16；羅14:3；羅14:3；羅14:3；羅14:3；

3）喫飯（4）太9:11；可2:16；可7:3；可7:4；

4）你們喫（3）林前10:25；林前10:27；林前11:26；

5）他們又喫（2）路17:27；路17:28；

6）喫的人（2）太14:21；太15:38；

7）你們⋯喫（2）路5:30；林前10:31；

8）他⋯喫（1）可2:16；

9）該⋯喫（1）林前11:34；

10）他就⋯可喫飯（1）帖後3:10；

11）吞滅（1）來10:27；

12）你們⋯可以喫（1）路22:30；

13）喫了（1）羅14:20；

14）喫時（1）太26:21；

15）就喫（1）路10:8；

16）只喫（1）羅14:2；

17）他們在喫著（1）林前8:7；

18）他們可喫（1）帖後3:12