φαῦλος,
η, ον, also ος, ον E. Hipp. 435, Fr. 1083.9, Th. 6.21: (cf. φλαῦρος): -
cheap, easy, slight, paltry, first found commonly in E., twicein Hdt. 1.26, 126 (Comp., elsewh. φλαῦρος), six times in Democr., Fr. 87, al., twice in S., Frr. 41,771: Adv. φαύλως once in A.: A. Pers. 520. I of things, easy, slight, φ. ἀθλήσας πόνον E. Supp. 317; φαυλότατον ἔργον ’’tis as easy as lying’, Ar. Eq. 213; φ. πρᾶγμα Id. Lys. 14; τὸ ζήτημα οὐ φ. Pl. R. 368c; φ. ἐρώτημα Id. Phlb. 19a; φαῦλον αὐτοῖς προστάξομεν Id. R. 423c: freq. with negat., οὐ φ., ἀλλὰ χαλεπὸν πιστεῦσαι ib. 527d; μάχη οὐ φ. Id. Tht. 179d; οὐ φ. τέχνη Id. Sph. 223c; οὔτοι βασιλέα φαῦλόν [ἐστι] κτανεῖν ’tis no slight matter to kill a king, E. El. 760; νυκτὸς γὰρ οὔτι φ. ἐμβαλεῖν στρατόν no easy matter, Id. Rh. 285; οὐ φ. πληγαί D. 54.13; φιλοῦσιν ἰατροὶ λέγειν τὰ φαῦλα μείζω Men. 497; φαῦλα ἐπιφέρειν bring paltry charges, Hdt. 1.26; τὰ φ. νικήσας ἔχω have gained petty victories, S. Fr. 41 (wrongly glossed by μέγα in Phot., Suid., and EM 789.43, cf. Hsch); σύμμαχον Τροίᾳ μολόντα Ῥῆσον οὐ φαύλῳ τρόπῳ, i. e. with no trivial force, E. Rh. 599; παρὰ φαῦλον ποιεῖσθαί τι D.H. Rh. 4.2, cf. Lib. Or. 14.26. Adv. -λως εὑρεῖν, τυχεῖν, Ar. Eq. 404 (troch.), 509 (anap.); φ. πάνυ Id. Lys. 566 (anap.); φ. ἐκφυγεῖν to get off easily, Id. Ach. 215 (lyr.); φ. ἀποδράς Id. Th. 711 (lyr.); φαυλότατα καὶ ῥᾷστα Id. Nu. 778; οὔτι φαύλως ἦλθε with no trivial force, E. Ph. 112; φ. βοηθήσειν D. 15.13; φαύλως καὶ γλίσχρως παρείχοντο χρήματα Hell.Oxy. 14.2; τὰς ἐλπίδας φ. ἔχειν to be slight, Hdn. 1.3.1.
2. simple, ordinary, δίαιτα Hp. Fract. 36, Art. 49, Eur. Fr. 213.4; σῖτα καὶ ποτὰ φαυλότατα X. Mem. 1.6.2, cf. Hp. Vict. 3.68 (Comp.); but freq. with sense poor, indifferent, στρατιά Th. 6.21; ἀσπίδες, τείχισμα, παρασκευή, Id. 4.9.115, 6.31; ἱμάτιον X. l. c. Adv. -λως, διατρίβειν ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ Pl. Tht. 173c; μὴ φ. μηδὲ ἰδιωτικῶς Id. Lg. 966e.
3. mean, bad, πρῆξις Democr. 177; λόγοι E. Andr. 870, ψόγος Id. Ph. 94 (perh. both in signf. 1.1 and in 1.3); οὐ φ. ὄψις Pl. R. 519a; φ. δόξα D. 24.205; τὰ πράγματ’ ἐστὶ φ. Id. 19.30; φαῦλα διαπεπραγμένος Philem. 229; ὁ φαῦλα πράττων [Joh 3:20]; μηδὲ πραξάντων τι ἀγαθὸν ἢ φ. [Rom 9:11]; τὸ φ. evil, E. IT 390; τὰ φ., opp. τὰ ἀγαθά, X. Smp. 4.47; τύχη φ., opp. ἀγαθή, Arist. Ph. 197a26, cf. Metaph. 1065a35; τὴν πόλιν μηθὲμ φ. παθεῖν OGI 765.35 (Priene); κομίσασθαι.. εἴτε ἀγαθὸν εἴτε φ., of rewards and punishments, [2Co 5:10]; φ. μαίωσις Sor. 2.17, cf. 1.91, al.
II of persons, low in rank, mean, common, E. Fr. 688; οἱ φαυλότατοι the commonest sort (of soldiers), Th. 7.77; [ γάμος] ὁ ἐκ τῶν φαυλοτέρων, opp. ἐκ μειζόνων, X. Hier. 1.27, cf. Pl. R. 475b; of outward looks, αἱ φαυλότεραι the plainer ones, Ar. Ec. 617, cf. 626 (Comp., both anap.).
2. inefficient, bad, διδάσκαλος S. Fr. 771.3; τὸ φ. καὶ τὸ μέσον καὶ τὸ πάνυ ἀκριβές the inefficient, the middling, and the perfect, Th. 6.18; φ. αὐλητής, opp. ἀγαθός, Pl. Prt. 327c; τοξότης Id. Tht. 194a; οὐ δὲ φαύλων ἀνδρῶν οὐδὲ τῶν ἐπιτυχόντων Id. Cra. 390d; opp. σπουδαῖος, Isoc. 1.1, Pl. Lg. 757a, etc.; esp. in point of education and accomplishments, opp. σοφός, οἱ γὰρ ἐν σοφοῖς φαῦλοι παρ’ ὄχλῳ μουσικώτεροι λέγειν E. Hipp. 989, cf. Ph. 496, Ion 834, Pl. Smp. 174c, Alc. 1.129a; τὸ πλῆθος τὸ -ότερον E. Ba. 431 (lyr.); οἱ -ότεροι, opp. to οἱ ξυνετώτεροι, Th. 3.37; οἱ φαυλότεροι γνώμην ib. 83; τὰ γράμματα φαῦλοι Pl. Phdr. 242c (so in Adv., φαυλοτέρως πεπαιδευμένοι Id. Lg. 876d); generally, inferior, Id. Grg. 483c: c. inf., φαῦλοι μάχεσθαι E. IT 305; φ. λέγειν, φ. διαλεχθῆναι, Pl. Tht. 181b, Prt. 336c: of animals, φ. κύων D. 26.22; φαυλότατοι ἵπποι X. Mem. 4.1.3.
3. careless, thoughtless, indifferent, E. Med. 807: - esp. in Adv., φαύλως ἐκρίνατε judged lightly, A. Pers. 520; φ. εὕδειν E. Rh. 769; οὐχ ὧδε φ. Id. Ion 1546; φ. παραινεῖν off-hand, Id. HF 89; λόγισαι φαύλως μὴ ψήφοις ἀλλ’ ἀπὸ χειρός off-hand, roughly, Ar. V. 656 (anap.); φ. εἰπεῖν casually, Pl. R. 449c; φ. φέρειν to bear lightly, E. IA 850, Ar. Av. 961.
4. in good sense, simple, unaffected, φαῦλον, ἄκομψον, τὰ μέγιστ’ ἀγαθόν E. Fr. 473 (anap.), cf. D.L. 3.63. Adv. -λως, παιδεύειν τινά by a very simple method, X. Oec. 13.4; φ. καὶ βραχέως ἀποκρίνασθαι Pl. Tht. 147c.
5. of health, etc., φαύλως ἔχειν to be ill, Hp. Aph. 2.32; φ. πράττειν to be in sorry plight, Men. Sam. 165; φ. ἔχει τὰ πράγματα D. 10.3, al.