πρᾶγμα, ατος, τό,
Ion. πρῆχμα Schwyzer 688 B 16, C 5 (Chios, v B. C. ), GDI 5598.4 ( Ephesus ); also πρῆγμα Hdt. 5.33, al., but Hdt. perh. wrote πρῆχμα, which is v. l. in 1.133 ap. Ath. 4.144a (cod. A), and in 3.49, 57 ( POxy. 1619.326, 379 ); cf. πρήχματος οὐχ ὁσίου imitated from Hdt. in Epigr.Gr. 1092 ( Erechtheum ): ( πράσσω ): -
deed, act, the concrete of πρᾶξις, but freq. approaching to the abstract sense, Thgn. 116, al.; opp. λόγοι, D. 2.12, etc.; πραγμάτων ὀρθὰν ὁδόν Pi. O. 7.46; γυναίου π. ἐποίει did the act of a woman, D. 25.57, cf. 18.24, etc. II occurrence, matter, affair, πᾶσαν τελευτὰν πράγματος Pi. O. 13.75, cf. P. 4.278; τί τοῦδε σοὶ μέτεστι π. λέγε A. Eu. 575, cf. 584; π. τοιόνδε συνηνείχθη γενέσθαι Hdt. 5.33, cf. 9.92, Th. 2.64; ἐς μέσον σφι προετίθεε τὸ π. Hdt. 1.206; τί δ’ εἰδὼς τοῦδε π. πέρι; S. Aj. 747 codd.; τὸ π. εἰς ὑπέρδεινόν μοι περιέστη D. 21.111; ὁρᾶτε τὸ π., οἷ προελήλυθε κτλ., Id. 4.9, cf. 8.7 .
2. thing, concrete reality, ἆρ’ ἔστιν αὔλησίς τι π.; Epich. 171.1; opp. ὄνομα, Pl. Cra. 391b, 436a, And. 4.27; δύο π . . . τοιάδε, οἷον Κρατύλος καὶ Κρατύλου εἰκών Pl. Cra. 432b; ὡς ἀργαλέον π. ἐστίν c. inf., Ar. Pl. 1; οὐδὲ π. οὐθέν ἐστι παρὰ τὰ μεγέθη . . τὰ αἰσθητὰ κεχωρισμένον Arist. de An. 432a3, cf. Mete. 379a32, Ph. 226b30, 227b28; διαμάχονται περὶ τοῦ λευκὸν ἢ μὴ λευκὸν εἶναι τὸ π. Plu. 2.1109d, cf. 1112d; ἐξ ἀζωΐας καὶ ζωῆς συγκείμενον π. Porph. Sent. 21: pl., τῶν π. ἀΐδιος ἔσσα Philol. 6, cf. Democr. 164, Arist. Xen. 974a25, Pol. 1252a24; τὰ μετέωρα π. Ar. Nu. 228, cf. 250, 741; opp. ὀνόματα, Pl. Cra. 39o e, D. 9.15 . contemptuously, thing, creature, κακῷ πράγματι wretched creature, viz. the sophist, Pl. Prt. 312c; τούτῳ τῷ π., viz. the demos, Id. Grg. 520b; ὁ δῆμος ἀσταθμητότατον π. D. 19.136; ἄμαχον π., of a woman, X. Cyr. 6.1.36 .
3. like cross πρᾶξις 1.2, ὄφελος 1, in Hdt., πρῆγμά ἐστι or ἐστί μοι, c. inf., it is advantageous for me, εὕρισκε π. οἱ εἶναι ἐλαύνειν 1.79, cf. 4.11: with a neg., εὕρισκέ οἱ οὐ π. εἶναι στρατεύεσθαι Id. 7.12: also c. acc. et inf., οὐδὲν ἂν εἴη π. γνώμας ἐμὲ σοὶ ἀποφαίνεσθαι there will be no advantage or need, Id. 1.207; π. ἂν ἦν μοῦνον the only thing needful, Id. 7.130 .
4. thing of consequence or importance, π. ποιήσασθαι [τι ] ib. 150; π. οὐδὲν ἐποιήσαντο Id. 6.63; οὐδὲν π., ὦ Σώκρατες no matter, S., Pl. Grg. 447b, cf. E. Med. 451; ὡς . . οὐδὲν ὂν π., εἰ καὶ ἀποθάνοι Pl. Euthphr. 4d; δῆλον ἦν ὅτι π. τι εἴη that there was something the matter, X. An. 4.1.17 . π. ἐστί μοι it concerns me, σφίσι τε καὶ Ἀθηναίοισι εἶναι οὐδὲν π. they had nothing to do with the A., Hdt. 5.84, cf. D. 18.283; ᾧ μὴ π. μὴ εἰσίναι no admittance except on business, Sammelb. 6152.22 (i B. C.): c. gen. rei, οἷς μηδὲν ἦν π. τοῦ πολέμου who were not concerned in the war, Plu. Pomp. 65; τὸ σὸν τί ἐστι π.; what is your pursuit or business, what are you about? Pl. [Rev 20:1-15] c, cf. Alc. 1.104d. μέγα π. a man of consequence, D. 35.15; τὸ μέγα π. ἐν τῇ πόλει Men. Sam. 175; ἦν μέγιστον π. Δημοκήδης παρὰ βασιλέϊ he was made much of by the king, Hdt. 3.132; π. μέγα φρέατος a fine large tank, Alex. 179 .
5. used of a battle, action, affair, ὡς οἱ σωθέντες ἐκ τοῦ π. ἀπέφυγον X. HG 7.1.17 .
6. τὸ π. the love- affair of Harmodius and Aristogeiton, Aeschin. 1.132 .
7. fact, opp. λόγος, ὄνομα, Arist. Top. 146a3, SE 175a8; πρὸς τὸ π. καὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν Id. Ph. 263a17: pl., οὐκ ἐχρῆν τῶν π. τὴν γλῶσσαν ἰσχύειν πλέον E. Hec. 1188 .
8. matter in hand, question, Hp. Acut. 39; πρὸς τὸ π. Pl. Men. 87a, Arist. APr. 70a32, D. 54.26; διαιρεῖν κατὰ τὸ π. Arist. Pol. 1299b18; ἔξω τοῦ π., v. cross ἔξω 1.2b . III in pl., πράγματα, 1 circumstances, affairs, τὰ ἀνθρωπήϊα π. Hdt. 1.207; ἐν εἰρήνῃ καὶ ἀγαθοῖς π. Th. 3.82, cf. 1.89; τοῖς π. τέθνηκα τοῖς δ’ ἔργοισιν οὔ by circumstances, not by acts, E. Hel. 286; ἐν τοιούτοις π. X. Mem. 2.7.2, An. 2.1.16, etc.; δεινὸς πράγμασι χρῆσθαι D. 1.3, cf. X. HG 3.5.1; τύχη τὰ θνητῶν πράγματ’, οὐκ εὐβουλία Chaerem. 2; ἀποτυγχάνειν τῶν π. fail to prosper, X. Mem. 4.2.28; the condition of a patient, τὰ τῶν νοσεύντων π. Hp. Prog. 1 (also in sg., ἐξαπίνης ὅλῳ τῷ π. μεταβάλλειν Id. Acut. 35; so also poet., ποῦ ποτ’ εἰμὶ πράγματος; S. Tr. 375, cf. Aj. 314 ).
2. state-affairs, τὰ πολιτικὰ π. Pl. Ap. 31d; ἔστ’ ἐν ἡμῖν τῆς πόλεως τὰ π. the fortunes of the state, Ar. Lys. 32; a state or empire, τὰ Περσικὰ π. the Persian power, Hdt. 3.137; τὰ Περσέων π. Id. 7.50, etc.; διαπεπόρθηται τὰ Περσῶν π. A. Pers. 714; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ π. ἐγένετο Th. 1.74; μὴ ὥσπερ θεῷ νομίζετ’ ἐκείνῳ τὰ παρόντα πεπηγέναι π. ἀθάνατα D. 4.8, cf. 44, etc.; παρασπάσασθαί τι τῶν ὅλων π. Id. 1.3; of government, καταλαμβάνειν τὰ π. Hdt. 6.39, cf. Th. 3.30 ( Pass. ); ἔχειν τὰ π. ib. 62, 72, cf. Hdt. 6.83; κατέχειν τὰ π. Th. 4.2; ἐς μέσον Πέρσῃσι καταθεῖναι τὰ π. Hdt. 3.80; οἱ ἐν τοῖς π. those who are in power or office, Th. 3.28, D. 9.56, Arist. Pol. 1307b10; οἱ ἐπὶ τοῖς π. ὄντες D. 9.2; οἱ ἐπὶ τῶν π. Id. 18.247, cf. Plb. 3.69.4, LXX [1Ma 3:32]; ἐν τυραννίδι καὶ πλούτῳ καὶ πράγμασι Plu. 2.150c; τριῶν ἀνδρῶν δημοσίων π. ἀποκαταστάσεως, = Lat. triumvir reipublicae constituendae, Sammelb. 4224.2 (i B. C.); κοινωνοὶ τῶν π. X. HG 2.3.17; νεώτερα π. innovations, Lys. 13.6, Isoc. 7.59, etc., cf. Hdt. 5.19; but εὐνούστατος τοῖς π. a friend to things as they are, Lys. 12.65 .
3. fortunes, cause, circumstances, Hdt. 7.236, 237; κοινὰ π. E. IT 1062; τέρας γὰρ ὁ βίος καὶ τὰ π. ἐστί μου Id. Hel. 260; ἔρρει τἀμὰ π. X. Smp. 1.15, cf. E. Alc. 280: τὰ π. alone, one’s all, one’s fortunes, ἐν ᾧπέρ ἐστι πάντα μοι τὰ π. Ar. Ach. 474; = cross κτήματα, Hp. ( Lex 5 ?) ap. Erot.: in sg., φαῦλον γὰρ ἂν εἴη τὸ ἐμὸν π. Pl. Hp.Ma. 286e, cf. Cri. 53d, Ap. 42a .
4. business, esp. lawbusiness, πρός τινα Antipho 6.12, Th. 1.128; οὔτε ἐμαυτοῦ οὔτε ἀλλότρια π. πράξας Lys. 12.3; δικῶν γὰρ οὐ δέομ’ οὐδὲ πραγμάτων Ar. V. 1426; πράγματα κἀντιγραφάς Id. Nu. 471: metaph. in sg., πονηρὸν τὸ π. ἔχειν to have a bad case, Arist. Rh. 1415b22 .
5. in bad sense, trouble, annoyance, ἁπάντων αἰτίους τῶν π. Ar. Ach. 310; πρήγματα ἔχειν, c. part., to have trouble about a thing, Hdt. 7.147, cf. Pl. Tht. 174b, etc.; π. ἔχειν ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ X. Cyr. 1.3.4, etc.; π. λαμβάνειν Id. Lac. 2.9; π. παρέχειν τινί to cause one trouble, Hdt. 1.155, Ar. Pl. 20, al.: c. inf., cause one the trouble of doing, Pl. Phd. 115a, X. Cyr. 4.5.46, Ar. V. 313; πραγμάτων . . ἀπαλλαγείς Id. Ach. 269 (lyr.), cf. Pl. Ap. 41d, R. 406e; ἄνευ πραγμάτων, σὺν πράγμασι, D. 1.20, X. An. 6.3.6: less freq.in sg., μηδὲν πρῆγμα παρέχειν Hdt. 7.239 .
G4229 — πρᾶγμα
πράγματος, τό (πράσσω), from (Pindar), Aeschylus, Herodotus down, the Sept. chiefly for דָּבָר a. that which has been done, a deed, an accomplished fact: [Luk 1:1]; [Act 5:4]; [2Co 7:11]; [Heb 6:18].
b. what is doing or being accomplished: [Jam 3:16]; specifically, business (commercial transaction), [1Th 4:6] (so Winers Grammar, 115 (109); others refer this example to c. and render in the matter (spoken of, or conventionally understood; cf. Green, Gram., p. 26f)).
c. a matter (in question), affair: [Mat 18:19]; [Rom 16:2]; specifically, in a forensic sense, a matter at law, case, suit (Xenophon, mem. 2, 9, 1; Demosthenes, 1120, 26; Josephus, Antiquities 14, 10, 17): πρᾶγμα ἔχειν πρός τινα (A. V. having a matter against, etc.), [1Co 6:1].
d. that which is or exists, a thing: [Heb 10:1]; πράγματα οὐ βλεπόμενα, [Heb 11:1] (see ἐλπίζω).*,