ἀνάγκη,
Ion. and ἀναγκαίη, ἡ,
1. force, constraint, necessity, κρατερὴ δ’ ἐπικείσετ’ ἀ. Il. 6.458; ἀναγκαίη γὰρ ἐπείγει ib. 85; ἀναγκαίῃ πολεμίζειν 4.300; τίς τοι ἀνάγκη πτώσσειν; 5.633; οἷσιν ἀ. (sc. φυλάσσειν) 10.418, al.: but in Hom. usu. in dat. as Adv., ἀνάγκῃ perforce, of necessity, ἀείδειν Od. 1.154; φεύγειν Il. 11.150: in act. sense, forcibly, by force, ἴσχειν, ἄγειν, Od. 4.557, 22.353; μνήσασθαι 7.217: strengthd. by καί, 10.434; ὑπ’ ἀνάγκης 19.156; opp. ἑκόντες, Pl. Phdr. 231a; ὑπ’ ἀναγκαίης Hdt. 7.172, al.; ἐξ ἀνάγκης S. Ph. 73, Th. 3.40, etc.; δι’ ἀνάγκης Pl. Ti. 47e; σὺν ἀνάγκᾳ Pi. P. 1.51; πρὸς ἀνάγκαν A. Pers. 569 codd. (lyr.), cf. Epict. Ench. 29.2; κατ’ ἀνάγκην X. Cyr. 4.3.7: ἀνάγκη ἐστί, c. inf., it must be that.., is necessary that.., cf. Il. supr. cit.; πᾶσα ἀ. ἐστὶ ὗσαι Hdt. 2.22; τρέφειν τοὺς τοκέας τοῖσι μὲν παισὶν οὐδεμία ἀ., τῇσι δὲ θυγατράσι πᾶσα ἀ. ib. 35: c. dat. pers., ἀ. μοι σχεθεῖν A. [Pro 16:1-33], cf. Pers. 293: - in Trag. freq. in answers and arguments, πολλή γ’ ἀνάγκη, πολλή’ στ’ ἀνάγκη, or πολλή μ’ ἀνάγκη, with which an inf. may always be supplied, E. Med. 1013, Hec. 396, S. Tr. 295; so πᾶσ’ ἀνάγκη El. 1497, cf. Pl. R. 441d; ἀνάγκη μεγάλη [ἐστί ] ib. 485e, [Isa 3:6], D. 28.9; ἐν ἀνάγκῃ ἐστί Lys. 6.8: later ἀνάγκην ἔχω, c. inf., [Luk 14:18].
2. necessity in the philosophical sense, Arist. APo. 94b37, Metaph. 1026b28, Ph. 199b34; logical necessity, Metaph. 1064b33: in pl., laws of nature, τίσιν ἀνάγκαις ἕκαστα γίγνεται τῶν οὐρανίων X. Mem. 1.1.11, cf. Hp. Aër. 21. natural need, γαστρὸς ἀνάγκαις A. Ag. 726, cf. Ar. Nu. 1075, X. Cyn. 7.1; ὑπ’ ἀ. τῆς ἐμφύτου Pl. R. 458d; ἐρωτικαῖς ἀ. ib., etc. ἡ ἀ. τοῦ τόπου the lie of the ground as a necessary condition, PLille 4.14. ἀνάγκη δαιμόνων, αἱ ἐκ θεῶν ἀνάγκαι, fate, destiny, E. Ph. 1000, 1763: freq. personified in Poets, Parm. 8.30, Emp. 116, A. Pr. 105, S. Fr. 256; Ἀνάγκᾳ δ’ οὐδὲ θεοὶ μάχονται Simon. 5.21.
3. compulsion exerted by a superior, ἀ. προστιθέναι, ἐπιτιθέναι, X. Hier. 9.4, Lac. 10.7. violence, punishment, esp. of torture, mostly pl., ἐς ἀνάγκας ἄγεσθαι Hdt. 1.116, cf. Antipho 6.25, Herod. 5.5; προσάγειν τινὶ τὰς ἀνάγκας Th. 1.99; τὰ πρὸς ἀνάγκας ὄργανα instruments of torture, Plb. 15.28.2: later in sg., ἡ ἀ. τῶν βασάνων Plu. 2.305e; πρὸς ἀνάγκην under torture, Id. Publ. 17: metaph., Hp. de Arte 13; δολοποιὸς ἀ., i. e. the stratagem of Nessus, S. Tr. 832; βρόχων πλεκταῖς ἀνάγκαις Xenarch. 1.9. duress, ’force majeure’, ὅρκους οὓς ποιέονται ἐν ἀνάγκῃ ὄντες Democr. 239; stress of circumstances, ἀκούσιοι ἀ. Th. 3.82. treatment by mechanical force, τῶν ἀναγκῶν τινὰ προσφέρειν Hp. Fract. 15, cf. Art. 73.
4. bodily pain, anguish, κατ’ ἀνάγκην ἕρπειν painfully, S. Ph. 206 (lyr.); ὑπ’ ἀνάγκης βοᾶν ib. 215; ὠδίνων ἀνάγκαι E. Ba. 89 (lyr.): generally, distress, ἐν ἀνάγκαις γλυκὺ γίνεται καὶ τὸ σκληρόν Simon. 226; freq. in LXX, [Job 15:24], al.; ἡ ἐνεστῶσα ἀ. [1Co 7:26]: esp. in pl., IG 12 (7).386.23 (Amorgos, iii B. C.), D.S. 4.43, [2Co 6:4], etc.
II tie of blood, kindred, Lys. 32.5.
III = ἡ δικαστικὴ κλεψύδρα, Hsch.
G318 — ἀνάγκη
(ης, ἡ;
1. necessity, imposed either by the external condition of things, or by the law of duty, regard to one's advantage, custom, argument: κατ' ἀνάγκην perforce (opposed to κατά ἑκούσιον), [Phi 1:14]; ἐξ ἀνάγκης of necessity, compelled, [2Co 9:7]; [Heb 7:12] (necessarily); ἔχω ἀνάγκην I have (am compelled by) necessity, (also in Greek writings): [1Co 7:37]; [Heb 7:27]; followed by an infinitive, [Luk 14:18]; [Luk 23:17] R L brackets; Jude 1:3; ἀν. μοι ἐπίκειται necessity is laid upon me, [1Co 9:16]; ἀνάγκη (equivalent to ἀναγκαῖον ἐστι) followed by an infinitive: [Mat 18:7]; [Rom 13:5]; [Heb 9:16], [Heb 9:23] (also in Greek writings).
2. in a sense rare in the classics (Diodorus 4, 43), but very common in Hellenistic writings (also in Josephus, b. j. 5, 13, 7, etc.; see Winers Grammar, 30), calamity, distress, straits: [Luk 21:23]; [1Co 7:26]; [1Th 3:7]; plural ἐν ἀνάγκαις, [2Co 6:4]; [2Co 12:10].
ἀνάγκη , - ης , ἡ ,
[in LXX chiefly for H4689, H6862;]
1. necessity: ἔχειν ἀ -, c . inf ., to be compelled, [Luk 14:18]; [Luk 23:17] ( Rec. , R , mg .), [1Co 7:37], [Jud 1:3], [Heb 7:27]; ἐξ ἀ ., κατ᾽ ἀ ., of necessity, [2Co 9:7], [Heb 7:12], [Phm 1:14]; ἀ . μοι ἐπίκειται , n . is laid on me, [1Co 9:16]; c . inf . ( = ἀναγκαῖον ἐστι ), [Mat 18:7], [Rom 13:5], [Heb 9:16]; [Heb 9:23]
2. force, violence, hence pain, distress ( Diod ., al. ; LXX ; v. M , Th ., 41; MM , VGT , s.v. ; cf. θλίψις ): [Luk 21:23], [1Co 7:26], [1Th 3:7]; pl. ( v. B1., § 32, 6; Swete , Mk., 153), ἐν ἀ ., 2Co 6:4 ; [2Co 12:10]. †