μάχαιρ-α [ μᾰ], ας

(later - ης, dat. - ῃ, PTeb. 16.14 (ii B. C.), Luk 21:24, etc.), ἡ,

I

1. large knife or dirk, Il. 11.844, 18.597, 19.252; μ. ἥ οἱ πὰρ ξίφεος μέγα κουλεὸν αἰὲν ἄωρτο 3.271; carving-knife, Pi. O. 1.49, Hdt. 2.61, Ar. Eq. 489, Pl. R. 353a, etc.; κοπίδες μ. E. Cyc. 242; sacrificial knife, Ar. Pax 948, Pl.Com. 91, Michel 832.52 (Samos, iv B. C.): - ἡ Δελφικὴ μ. a knife adapted to various purposes, Arist. Pol. 1252b2, cf. Hsch. s.v. Δελφικὴ μ.; prov., of greedy persons, because Delphian sacrificers claimed a share for the knife, App.Prov. 1.94.

2. as a weapon, short sword, dagger, Pi. N. 4.59, Hdt. 6.75, 7.225, Lys. 13.87, etc.; an assassin’s weapon, Antipho 5.69; used by jugglers, Pl. Euthd. 294e (pl.), etc.; later, sabre, opp. the straight sword (ξίφος), X. Eq. 12.11, cf. HG 3.3.7, Cyr. 1.2.13, Mat 26:52, etc.; οἱ ἐπὶ τῆς μ., of a bodyguard, Arr. Epict. 1.30.7; but, ἐπὶ μ. τασσόμενοι possessing power of life and death (jus gladii), Cat.Cod. Astr. 8(4).173; μ. ἱππική cavalry sabre, IG 11(2).161 B 99 (Delos, iii B. C.).

3. μ. κουρίδες, shears or scissors, Cratin. 37; κεκαρμένος μοιχὸν μιᾶ μ., i.e. with one blade, Ar. Ach. 849, cf. Poll. 2.32 (where διπλῇ is f.l.), Hsch. s.v. μιᾷ μαχαίρᾳ; μ. κουρικαί Plu. Dio 9.

4. metaph., διὰ μαχαιρῶν καὶ πυρός Zen. 3.19, cf. Posidipp. 1.10; μ. τοῦ πνεύματος Eph 6:17, cf. LXX Isa 49:2.

II name of a precious stone, Arist. Mir. 847a5, Ps.- Plu. Fluv. 10.5.

III part of the liver, Ruf. Onom. 180.

μάχαιρα machaira 29x

    a large knife, dagger; a sword, Mat 26:47; Mat 26:51;

    the sword of the executioner, Act 12:2; Rom 8:35; Heb 11:37;

    hence, φορεῖν μάχαιραν, to bear the sword, to have the power of life and death, Rom 13:4;

    meton. war, Mat 10:34 sword.

G3162 — μάχαιρα

genitive μαχαίρας (so (with R G) Lachmann in Luk 21:24) and μαχαίρης, dative μάχαιρα. (so (with R G) Lachmann in Luk 22:49; Act 12:2) and μαχαίρῃ (between which forms the manuscripts vary, cf. (Scrivener, Collation, etc., p. lvi.; Tdf. Proleg., p. 117; WHs Appendix, p. 156a); Winers Grammar, 62 (61); Buttmann, 11; Delitzsch on Heb 11:34, p. 584 note), ἡ, (akin to μάχη and Latinmactare);

1. a large knife, used for killing animals and cutting up flesh: Homer, Pindar, Herodotus, at.; hence, Gen 22:6, Gen 22:10; Jdg 19:29 Alex., for מַאֲכֶלֶת.

2. a small sword, distinguished from the large sword, the ῤομφαία (Josephus, Antiquities 6, 9, 5 ἀποτεμνει τήν κεφαλήν τῇ ῤομφαία τῇ ἐκείνου (Goliath's), μάχαιραν, οὐκ ἔχων αὐτός), and curred, for a cutting stroke; distinct also from ξίφος, a straight sword, for thrusting, Xenophon, r. eq. 12, 11, cf. Hell. 3, 3, 7; but the words are frequently used interchangeably. In the N. T. universally, a sword (the Sept. often for חֶרֶב): as a weapon for making or repelling an attack, Mat 26:47, Mat 26:51, Mat 26:52,(55); Mar 14:43, Mar 14:47; Luk 22:36, Luk 22:38, Luk 22:49, Luk 22:52; Joh 18:10; Act 16:27; Heb 11:37; Rev 6:4; Rev 13:10,(14); by a Hebraism, στόμα μαχαίρας, the edge of the sword (חֶרֶב פִּי, Gen 34:26; Jos 8:24; 1Sa 13:22; Jdg 3:16, etc. (but in the Sept. the rendering στόμα ξίφους or στόμα ῤομφαίας is more common)): Luk 21:24; Heb 11:34; μάχαιρα δίστομος (see δίστομος), Heb 4:12. of the sword as the instrument of a magistrate or judge: death by the sword, Rom 8:35; ἀναιρεῖν τινα μάχαιρα, Act 12:2; τήν μαχαίρας φόρειν, to bear the sword, is used of him to whom the sword has been committed, viz. to use when a malefactor is to he punished; hence, equivalent to to have the power of life and death, Rom 13:4 (so ξίφος, ξιφη ἔχειν, Philostr. vit. Apoll. 7, 16; vit. sophist. 1, 25, 2 (3), cf. Dion Cass. 42, 27; and in the Talmud the king who bears the sword, of the Hebrew king). Metaphorically, μάχαιρα, a weapon of war, is used for war, or for quarrels and dissensions that destroy peace; so in the phrase βαλεῖν μάχαιραν ἐπί τήν τήν, to send war on earth, Mat 10:34 (for which Luk 12:51 says διαμερισμόν); ἡ μάχαιρα τοῦ πνεύματος, the sword with which the Spirit subdues the impulses to sin and proves its own power and efficacy (which sword is said to be ῤῆμα Θεοῦ (cf. Buttmann, 128 (112))), Eph 6:17 (on the genitive in this passage cf. Ellicott or Meyer).

μάχαιρα , - ης

( Att. . - ας ; v. WH , App ., 1568; ΒΙ ., § 7, 1), ἡ ,

[in LXX chiefly for H2719; also for H3979, etc.;]

1. (in Hom ., al. ) a large knife or dirk, for sacrificial purposes (Gen 22:6; Gen 22:10, Jdg 19:20 A).

2. a short sword or dagger (as disting. from ῥομφαία , a large broad sword and ξίφος , a straight sword for thrusting): Mat 26:47 ff ., Mar 14:43; Mar 14:47-48, Luk 22:36 ff ., Joh 18:10-11, Act 16:27, Heb 11:37, Rev 6:4; Rev 13:10; Rev 13:14; στόμα μαχαίρης (as in Heb . H2719 H6310, Gen 34:26, al. ), the edge of the sword: Luk 21:24, Heb 11:34; μ . δίστομος , Heb 4:12; ἀναιρεῖν μαχαίρῃ , Act 12:2; τὴν μ . φορεῖν , Rom 13:4. Metaph ., Mat 10:34 ( opp . to εἰρήνη ), Rom 8:35; μ . τοῦ πνεῦματος , Eph 6:17. †

詞類次數：名詞（29）

原文字根：爭戰 相當於：H2719（חֶרֶב‎）

字義溯源：刀^，小劍，大刀，劍，寶劍，刀劍，刀兵；或出自（G3163（μάχη）=戰爭），而G3163（μάχη）出自（G3164（μάχομαι）=爭戰*）。靈的劍，就是神的話（弗6:17）。比較：G4501（ῥομφαία）=刀劍

出現次數：總共（29）；太（7）；可（3）；路（5）；約（2）；徒（2）；羅（2）；弗（1）；來（3）；啓（4）

譯字彙編：

1）刀（20）太26:47；太26:51；太26:52；太26:52；太26:52；太26:55；可14:43；可14:47；可14:48；路21:24；路22:36；路22:38；路22:49；路22:52；約18:11；徒16:27；啓6:4；啓13:10；啓13:10；啓13:14；

2）劍（3）羅13:4；弗6:17；來4:12；

3）刀劍的（1）來11:34；

4）刀劍（1）來11:37；

5）用刀（1）徒12:2；

6）一把刀（1）約18:10；

7）刀兵（1）太10:34；

8）刀劍麼（1）羅8:35