H4522. mas
or mis I. מַס noun masculine1Ki 5:27 usually
collective body of forced labourers, task-workers, labour-band or gang, also (late) forced service, task-work, serfdom ( מִסָּא ᵑ7, especially in phrase מִיסִּין מַסְּקֵי (implying late and [for Biblical Hebrew] false sense 'tribute,' so Late Hebrew מָסִּים מַעֲלֵי; √ unknown, probably loan-word; follows analogue of ע׳׳ע); — absolute ׳מ 1 Kings 5:27 +; לָמַ֑ס [Josh 17:13] +; הַמַּ֑ס [2Sam 20:24] +; plural מִסִּים [Exod 1:11]; —
1 labour-band, labour-gang, body of task-workers for public service, formed by levy upon the people by Solomon מִכָּליִֿשְׂרָאֵל מַס שׁלֹמֹה הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיַּ֫עַל 1 Kings 5:27, amounting to 30, 000 men v.1 Kings 5:27; ׳הַמּ הֶעֱלָה אֲשֶׁר [1Kin 9:15]; עֹבֵד לְמַס שׁ ׳וַיַּעֲלֵם [9:21] and Solomon levied them for a toiling labour-band (compare [Gen 49:15]; [Josh 16:10]) = שׁ וַיַּעֲלֵם ׳לְמַס[2Chr 8:8]; apparently instituted, earlier, by David, compare עַלהַֿמַּ֑ס וַאֲדֹרָם [2Sam 20:24], i.e. had charge of the body of labourers, so [1Kin 4:6]; 1 Kings 5:28; [12:18] [2Chr 10:18].
2. a. of labour-bands, slave-gangs of Israel in Egypt, only מִסִּים שָׂרֵי [Exod 1:11] (J) gang-overseers.
b. of conquered populations, subject to forced labour: וַעֲבָדוּךָ לָמַס לְךָ יִהְיוּ [Deut 20:11] compare [Judg 1:30], [33], [35] (see GFM), [Isa 31:8]; [Lam 1:1]; so עֹבֵד לְמַס ויהי [Josh 16:10] (compare [Gen 49:15]; [1Kin 9:21]); לָמַ֑ס אֶתהַֿכְּנַעֲנִי וַיִתְּנוּ [Josh 17:13], compare (וגו ׳וַיָּ֫שֶׂם) [Judg 1:28].
3 in General: לְמַסעֹֿבֵד וַיְהִי [Gen 49:15] and he (Issachar) became a slaving labour-band (poem in J; compare [Josh 16:10]; [1Kin 9:21]); compare לָמַ֑ס תִּהְיֶה רְמִיָּה [Prov 12:24] (here apparently of individual)
4 forced service, serfdom (or possibly (in late passage) tribute = enforced payment, compare Late Hebrew, ᵑ7, see above), only of Ahasuerus: וגו עַלהָֿאָרֶץ מַס הַמֶּלֶךְ ׳וַיָּשֶׂם [Est 10:1].
II. מַס see מסס. מֵסֵב מֵסַב, see סבב.
מִסְגֶּ֫רֶת מַסְגֵּר, see סגר.
מַסַּד see יסד. [מִסְדְּרוֺן] see סדר
מַס
原文音譯：sm; mas or mees
詞類次數：名詞（23）
原文字根：鎔化；相當於G5255（ὑπήκοος）
字義溯源：重擔（使人昏暈），服苦役，苦役，服役，奴隸，進貢，服苦役的重荷，窘困，徵集，辛勞，從屬的。這字出自（H4549（מָסַס）*=消化）
出現次數：總共（23）；創（1）；出（1）；申（1）；書（2）；士（4）；撒下（1）；王上（7）；代下（2）；斯（1）；箴（1）；賽（1）；哀（1）
譯字彙編：
1）苦役（7）[創49:15]；[申20:11]；[士1:28]；[王上5:13]；[代下8:8]；[代下10:18]；[箴12:24]；
2）（那）苦役（4）[書17:13]；[王上5:13]；[王上5:14]；[王上9:15]；
3）苦役的人（3）[士1:30]；[士1:33]；[士1:35]；
4）苦役的（2）[書16:10]；[賽31:8]；
5）（那）服苦役的人（2）[撒下20:24]；[王上4:6]；
6）奴隸（1）[哀1:1]；
7）都進貢（1）[斯10:1]；
8）服役（1）[王上9:21]；
9）工（1）[出1:11]；
10）（那）服苦役之人（1）[王上12:18]