σοφία, Ion. -ιη, ἡ, prop. cleverness or skill in handicraft and art, as in carpentry, τέκτονος, ὅς ῥά τε πάσης εὖ εἰδῇ ς . Il. 15.412; of the Telchines, Pi. O. 7.53; ἡ ἔντεχνος ς ., of Hephaestus and Athena, Pl. Prt. 32 1d; of Daedalus and Palamedes, X. Mem. 4.2.33, cf. 1.4.2; in music and singing, τέχνῃ καὶ ς . h.Merc. 483, cf. 511; in poetry, Sol. 13.52, Pi. O. 1.117, Ar. Ra. 882, X. An. 1.2.8, etc.; in driving, Pl. Thg. 123c; in medicine or surgery, Pi. P. 3.54; in divination, S. OT 502 (lyr.); δυσθανατῶν ὑπὸ σοφίας εἰς γῆρας ἀφίκετο Pl. R. 406b; ς. δημηγορική, δικανική, ib. 365d; ἡ περὶ Ὁμήρου ς . Id. Ion 542a; οὐ σοφίᾳ ἀλλὰ φύσει ποιεῖν Id. [Rev 22:1-21] b; σημαίνοντες τὴν ς . . ., ὅτι ἀρετὴ τέχνης ἐστίν Arist. EN 1141a12: rare in pl., Pi. O. 9.107, Ar. Ra. 676 (lyr.), IG 12.522 (vase, v B.C. ).
2. skill in matters of common life. sound judgement, intelligence, practical wisdom, etc., such as was attributed to the seven sages, like φρόνησις, Thgn. 790, 876, 1074, Hdt. 1.30, 60; ἡ τῶν δεινῶν ς ., opp. ἀμαθία, Pl. Prt. 360d; τὴν τότε καλουμένην ς., οὖσαν δὲ δεινότητα πολιτικὴν καὶ δραστήριον σύνεσιν Plu. Them. 2; also, cunning, shrewdness, craft, Hdt. 1.68, etc.; τὸ λοιδορῆς αι θεοὺς ἐχθρὰ ς . Pi. O. 9.38 .
3. learning, wisdom, μείζω τινὰ ἢ κατ’ ἄνθρωπον σοφίαν σοφοί Pl. Revelation 20 [Rev 20:1-15] e; opp. ἀμαθία, ib. 22e; freq. in E., e.g. μόρσιμα . . οὐ σοφίᾳ τις ἀπώσεται Heracl. 615 (lyr.); τὸ σοφὸν οὐ σοφία (v. σοφός 1.3 ) Ba. 395 (lyr.), etc.; freq. in Arist., speculative wisdom, EN 1141a19, Metaph. 982a2, 995b12 (pl.), 1059a18; defined as θείων τε καὶ ἀνθρωπίνων ἐπιστήμη, Stoic. 2.15; but also of natural philosophy and mathematics, ς. τις καὶ ἡ φυσική Arist. Metaph. 1005b1, cf. 1061b33 .
4. among the Jews, ἀρχὴ σοφίας φόβος Κυρίου LXX [Pro 1:7], cf. [Job 28:28], al.; Σοφία, recognized first as an attribute of God, was later identified with the Spirit of God, cf. LXX [Pro 8:1-36] with Si. 24s q.
5. later as a title, ἡ ὑμετέρα, ἡ ὑμῶν ς ., POxy. 1165.6, PSI 7.790.14 (both vi A.D. ).
σοφία sophia 51x
wisdom in general, knowledge, [Mat 12:42]; [Luk 2:40]; [Luk 2:52]; [Luk 11:31]; [Act 7:10];
ability, [Luk 21:15]; [Act 6:3]; [Act 6:10];
practical wisdom, prudence, [Col 4:5];
learning, science, [Mat 13:54]; [Mar 6:2]; [Act 7:22];
scientific skill, [1Co 1:17]; [1Co 2:1];
professed wisdom, human philosophy, [1Co 1:19-20]; [1Co 1:22]; [1Co 2:4-6];
superior knowledge and enlightenment, [Col 2:23];
in NT divine wisdom, [Rom 11:33]; [Eph 3:10]; [Col 2:3];
revealed wisdom, [Mat 11:19]; [Luk 11:49]; [1Co 1:24]; [1Co 1:30]; [1Co 2:7];
Christian enlightenment, [1Co 12:8]; [Eph 1:8]; [Eph 1:17]; [Col 1:9]; [Col 1:28]; [Col 3:16]; [Jas 1:5]; [Jas 3:13] wisdom.
G4678 — σοφία
σοφίας, ἡ (σοφός), Hebrew חָכְמָה, wisdom, broad and full intelligence (from Homer down); used of the knowledge of very diverse matters, so that the shade of meaning in which the word is taken must be discovered from the context in every particular case.
a. the wisdom which belongs to men: universally, [Luk 2:40], [Luk 2:52]; specifically, the varied knowledge of things human and divine, acquired by acuteness and experience, and summed up in maxims and proverbs, as was ἡ σοφία τοῦ Σολομῶνος, [Mat 12:42]; [Luk 11:31]; the science and learning τῶν Αἰγυπτίων, [Act 7:22] (cf. Winers Grammar, 227 (213) n.; Buttmann, § 134, 6); the art of interpreting dreams and always giving the sagest advice, [Act 7:10]; the intelligence evinced in discovering the meaning of some mysterious number or vision, [Rev 13:18]; [Rev 17:9]; skill in the management of affairs, [Act 6:3]; a devout and proper prudence in contact with men not disciples of Christ, [Col 4:5]; skill and discretion in imparting Christian truth, [Col 1:28]; [Col 3:16]; ([2Pe 3:15]); the knowledge and practice of the requisites for godly and upright living, [Jam 1:5]; [Jam 3:13], [Jam 3:17]; with which σοφία ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη is put in contrast the σοφία ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης, such as is the craftiness of envious and quarrelsome men. [Jam 3:15], or σαρκικῇ σοφία (see σαρκικός, 1), craftiness, [2Co 1:12] (for the context shows that it does not differ essentially from the πανουργία of ; in Greek writings also σοφία is not infrequently used of shrewdness and cunning; cf. Passow (or Liddell and Scott), under the word, 2); the knowledge and skill in affairs requisite for the successful defense of the Christian cause against hostile accusations, [Luk 21:15]; an acquaintance with divine things and human duties, joined to a power of discoursing concerning them and of interpreting and applying sacred Scripture, [Mat 13:54]; [Mar 6:2]; [Act 6:10]; the wisdom or instruction with which John the Baptist and Jesus taught men the way to obtain salvation, [Mat 11:19]; [Luk 7:35] (on these passages, see δικαιόω, 2). In Paul's Epistles: a knowledge of the divine plan, previously hidden, of providing salvation for men by the expiatory death of Christ, [1Co 1:30]; [1Co 2:6]; [Eph 1:8] (Winer's Grammar, 111 (105f)); hence, all the treasures of wisdom are said to be hidden in Christ, [Col 2:3]; with the addition of Θεοῦ (genitive of the author), [1Co 1:24]; [1Co 2:7]; πνευματικῇ, [Col 1:9]; πνεῦμα σοφίας καί ἀποκαλύψεως, [Eph 1:17]; λόγος σοφίας, the ability to discourse eloquently of this wisdom, [1Co 12:8]; opposed to this wisdom is — the empty conceit of wisdom which men make a parade of, a knowledge more specious than real of lofty and hidden subjects: such as the theosophy of certain Jewish Christians, [Col 2:23]; the philosophy of the Greeks, [1Co 1:21]; [1Co 2:1]; with τοῦ κόσμου added, [1Co 1:20]; [1Co 3:19]; τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, [1Co 2:6]; τῶν σοφῶν, [1Co 1:19]; ἀνθρώπων, [1Co 2:5] (in each of these last passages the word includes also the rhetorical art, such as is taught in the schools), cf. Fritzsche, Romans, vol. i, p. 67f; σοφία τοῦ λόγου, the wisdom which shows itself in speaking (R. V. wisdom of words), the art of the rhetorician, [1Co 1:17]; λόγοι (ἀνθρωπίνης (so R in [1Co 1:4] (all texts in [1Co 1:13]))) σοφίας, discourse conformed to philosophy and the art of rhetoric, [1Co 2:4], [1Co 2:13].
b. supreme intelligence, such as belongs to God: [Rev 7:12], also to Christ, exalted to God's right hand, [Rev 5:12]; the wisdom of God as evinced in forming and executing his counsels, [Rom 11:33]; with the addition of τοῦ Θεοῦ, as manifested in the formation and government of the world, and to the Jews, moreover, in the Scriptures, [1Co 1:21]; it is called πολυποίκιλος from the great variety of ways and methods by which he devised and achieved salvation through Christ, [Eph 3:10]. In the noteworthy passage, [Luk 11:49] (where Christ ascribes to 'the wisdom of God' what in the parallel, [Mat 23:34], he utters himself), the words ἡ σοφία τοῦ Θεοῦ εἶπεν seem to denote the wisdom of God which is operative and embodied as it were in Jesus, so that the primitive Christians, when to comfort themselves under persecution they recalled the saying of Christ, employed that formula of quotation (cf. [1Co 1:24], [1Co 1:30],etc.); but Luke, in ignorance of this fact, took the phrase for a part of Christ's saying. So Eusebius (h. e. 3, 32, 8), perhaps in the words of Hegesippus, calls those who had personally heard Christ οἱ αὐταῖς ἀκοαῖς τῆς ἐνθεου σοφίας ἐπακοῦσαι κατηξιώμενοι; cf. Grimm in the Studien und Kritiken for 1853, p. 332ff. (For other explanations of the phenomenon, see the commentaries on Luke, the passage cited Cf. Schürer, Zeitgesch. § 33, V. 1 and references.)
σοφία , - ας , ἡ ,
[in LXX chiefly for H2451;]
skill, intelligence, wisdom, ranging from knowledge of the arts and matters of daily life to mental excellence in its highest and fullest sense;
(a) of human wisdom: 1Co 2:1 ; [1Co 2:4-5], [Jas 3:15], [Rev 13:18]; [Rev 17:9]; σ . Σολομῶνος , [Mat 12:42], [Luk 11:31]; Αἰγυπτίων , [Act 7:22]; Ἕλληνες σ . ζητ o ῦσιν , [1Co 1:22]; σ . λόγου , [1Co 1:17]; τ . σοφῶν , [1Co 1:19] ( LXX ); τ . κόσμου , [1Co 1:20-21]; [1Co 3:19]; ἀνθρωπίνη , [1Co 2:13]; σαρκική , [2Co 1:12];
of wisdom in spiritual things: [Luk 21:15], [Act 6:3]; [Act 6:10]; [Act 7:10], [1Co 2:6], [Col 1:28]; [Col 2:23]; [Col 3:16]; [Col 4:5], [Jas 1:5]; [Jas 3:13]; Jas 3:17 , [2Pe 3:15]; λόγος σοφίας , [1Co 12:8]; πνεῦμα σοφίας , [Eph 1:17]; σ . καὶ φρόνησις , [Eph 1:8]; σ . καὶ σύνεσις , [Col 1:9];
(b) of divine wisdom: of God, [Rom 11:33], [1Co 1:21]; [1Co 1:24]; [1Co 2:7], [Rev 7:12]; πολυποίκιλος , [Eph 3:10];
of Christ, [Mat 13:54], [Mar 6:2], [Luk 2:40]; Luk 2:52 , [1Co 1:30] [Col 2:3], [Rev 5:12];
of wisdom personified, [Mat 11:19], [Luk 7:35]; [Luk 11:49]. †
SYN.: σύνεσις G4907, intelligence; φρόνησις G5428, prudence, which with σ . make up ( Arist ., N . Eth., i, 13) the three intellectual ἀρεταί . σ . is wisdom primary and absolute; in distinction from which φ . is practical, σύνεσις critical, both being applications of σ . in detail ( cf. Lft ., and ICC on [Col 1:9]; Lft., Notes , 317 f .; Tr., Syn. , § LXX v; Cremer , 870 ff .).
σοφία原文音譯：sof⋯a 所非阿
詞類次數：名詞（51）
原文字根：智慧 相當於：H2451（חָכְמָה）
字義溯源：智慧，學問，聰明，技巧；源自（G4680（σοφός）*=智慧的）。類似：G4569（Σαῦλος）X=清亮的*。神乃是獨一全智（慧）的神（[羅16:27]）。一切的智慧都隱藏在基督裏（[西2:3]）。所以基督乃是神的智慧（[林前1:24]），並且神又使基督成為我們的智慧（[林前1:30]）
出現次數：總共（52）；太（3）；可（1）；路（6）；徒（4）；羅（1）；林前（18）；林後（1）；弗（3）；西（6）；雅（4）；彼後（1）；啓（4）
譯字彙編：
1）智慧（48）[太11:19]；[太12:42]；[太13:54]；[可6:2]；[路2:40]；[路2:52]；[路7:35]；[路11:31]；[路11:49]；[路21:15]；[徒6:3]；[徒6:10]；[徒7:10]；[羅11:33]；[林前1:17]；[林前1:19]；[林前1:20]；[林前1:21]；[林前1:21]；[林前1:22]；[林前1:24]；[林前1:30]；[林前2:1]；[林前2:4]；[林前2:5]；[林前2:6]；[林前2:6]；[林前2:6]；[林前2:7]；[林前2:13]；[林前3:19]；[弗1:8]；[弗1:17]；[弗3:10]；[西1:9]；[西1:28]；[西2:3]；[西2:23]；[西3:16]；[西4:5]；[雅1:5]；[雅3:15]；[雅3:17]；[彼後3:15]；[啓5:12]；[啓7:12]；[啓13:18]；[啓17:9]；
2）智慧的（2）[林前12:8]；[雅3:13]；
3）聰明（1）[林後1:12]；
4）學問（1）[徒7:22]