ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι

(sts. written ὅ, τι to dist. it from ὅτι, that): Hom. has also the masc. collat. form ὅτις Od. 1.47, al. (also in Critias 2.9 and Ion. and Arc. Prose, Jahresh. 12.136 (Erythrae), IG 12(5).22 (Ios), 5(2).343.34 (Orchom. Arc.)) and the neut. ὅττι Od. 9.402, al., cf. ὄττι Alc. 45. -

In some forms only the second part is inflected, viz. gen. ὅτου Th. 1.23, al., ὅττεο Od. 1.124, later Ion. ὅτεο Jahresh. l.c., contr. ὅττευ Od. 17.121, ὅτευ ib. 421, Hdt. 1.7; Lesb. ὄττω Sapph. Supp. 5.3; dat. ὅτῳ Th. 1.36, al.; perh. also in Ion., Emp. 2.5, Democr. 99, Hp. VC 14; ὅτεῳ Od. 2.114, and as disyll., Il. 12.428, 15.664; so Hdt. 1.86, al., Democr. 100, Heraclit. 15, SIG 194.21 (Amphipolis, iv B. C.); Arc. ὀς[] έοι IG 5(2).262.14 (Mantinea, v B. C.); acc. ὅτινα Od. 8.204, 15.395; Delph. gen. ὅτινος IG 22.1126.37 (iv B. C.), also Berl.Sitzb. 1927.167 (Cyrene); Delph. dat. ὅτινι IG 22.1126.25; Cret. dat. sg. ὄτιμι Leg.Gort. 7.51, 8.7, al.: pl., nom. masc. Arg. ὄττινες Mnemos. 44.65 (iii B. C.); neut. ὅτινα Il. 22.450; gen. ὅτεων Od. 10.39, Hdt. 8.65, Att. ὅτων S. OT 414, X. An. 7.6.24 (cj.), Oec. 3.2 (cj.) (also in Hes. Fr. 238, Anaxag. 12, Hp. Aër. 21); dat. ὁτέοισι (ν) Il. 15.491, Hdt. 2.82, Att. ὅτοισι S. Ant. 1335, Ar. Eq. 758, ὅτοις S. Tr. 1119; acc. ὅτινας Il. 15.492, Aeol. ὄττινας Sapph. 12: in a few forms only the first part is inflected, Cret. gen. sg. ὦτι prob. in Leg.Gort. 1.5, 2.50, 11.50, al., GDI 4993 ii 10: neut. pl. ἄτι Leg.Gort. 2.47, al.: of the forms with double inflexion Hom. has only ὅν τινα Il. 2.188, al., ἥν τινα 3.286, al., οἵ τινες Od. 4.94, al., οὕς τινας Il. 4.240, al., ἅς τινας Od. 8.573; ᾧτινι first in Hes. Op. 31, ἧστινος A. Ag. 1358, ᾗ τινι δή Th. 8.87, οἷστισι Ar. Pax 1279: Att. Inscrr. have ἧστινος ᾗτινι along with masc. and neut. ὅτου ὅτῳ, and this rule holds with few exceptions in Trag. and Att. Prose before iv B. C.; ᾡτινιοῦν occurs in Lys. 1.37, etc.: ὅτῳ rarely as fem., E. IT 1071. -

I For the Ion. and form ἅσσα, Att. ἅττα, v. ἅσσα. - On the concord and construction cf. ὅς B. 1.1,3, 11.3, 111.2a,b: -

1. Radic. sense, any one who, anything which, whosoever, whichsoever; ὣς ἀπόλοιτο καὶ ἄλλος, ὅτις τοιαῦτά γε ῥέζοι Od. 1.47; ἀθανάτων ὅς τίς σε φυλάσσει 15.35, etc.: freq. without express antec., χαίρει δέ μιν ὅς τις ἐθείρῃ Il. 21.347; ἆσσον ἴτω ὅς τις δέπας οἴσεται 23.667: hence freq. in maxims or sentiments, οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. πάντ’ ἀνὴρ εὐδαιμονεῖ Ar. Ra. 1217; μακάριος ὅ. οὐσίαν καὶ νοῦν ἔχει Men. 114; οὗτος βέλτιστος ἂν εἴη, ὅ... Lys. 3.4, etc.: freq. in such phrases as ὅστις εἶ, ὅστις ἐστί, v. ὅς B. 111.2; ἔστιν ὅ., freq. with a neg., οὐ γὰρ ἔην ὅς τίς σφιν.. ἡγήσαιτο Il. 2.687; οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μοῖραν νείμαιμ’ ἢ σοί A. Pr. 293 (anap.), cf. 989, 1070 (anap.), etc.; εἰσὶν οἵτινες S. Fr. 354.5; οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ.. everything, Hdt. 5.97, Th. 7.87: - in these phrases the case of ὅστις commonly depends on that of οὐδείς; but sts. the reverse, v. οὐδείς 1.2: also joined with Sup., τρόπῳ ὅτῳ ἂν δύνωνται ἰσχυροτάτῳ Foed. ap. Th. 5.23; ὅντινα ἀφανέστατον δύναιντο τρόπον Paus. 10.1.5: in Trag. and Att. sts. strengthd. by an antec. πᾶς, but only in sg., ἅπας δὲ τραχὺς ὅ. ἂν νέον κρατῇ A. Pr. 35, cf. Th. 8.90 (πάντες ὅσοι being commonly used in pl., not πάντες οἵτινες; but πᾶσιν.. ὅστις ἐρωτᾷ IG 12.410). II referring to a definite object, prop. only when a general notion is implied, Πολυκράτεα.., δι’ ὅντινα κακῶς ἤκουσε, not the man through whom, but one through whom.., Hdt. 3.120; τελευταῖόν σε προσβλέψαιμι νῦν, ὅστις πέφασμαι φύς τ’ ἀφ’ ὧν οὐ χρῆν may I see thee now for the last time, I who am one born from sinful parentage, S. OT 1184, cf. A. Pr. 38, Ag. 1065; but in quite definite sense, βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι Th. 6.3: sts. even with οὗτος or ὅδε as antec., Hdt. 1.167, 2.99, 6.47, E. Hipp. 943, Theoc. 8.87.

2. ἐφ’ ὅτῳ, = ἐφ’ ᾧτε, D.S. 16.4; so ἐφ’ ὅτῳ τε Delph. 3(2).236 (ii B. C.).

III

1. in indirect questions, Hom., etc., εἴπ’ ἄγε μοι καὶ τόνδε.., ὅς τις ὅδ’ ἐστί Il. 3.192, cf. 167, etc.; ἔσπετε νῦν μοι, Μοῦσαι, ὅς τις δὴ κτλ. who it was that.., 14.509; ξεῖνος ὅδ’, οὐκ οἶδ’ ὅς τις Od. 8.28: in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, as οὗτος τί ποιεῖς; - ὅ τι ποιῶ; Ar. Ra. 198; ἀλλὰ τίς γὰρ εἶ; - ὅστις; πολίτης χρηστός Id. Ach. 595, cf. Pl. 462, Pl. Euthphr. 2c, etc.

2. rare and late in direct questions, ὅ τι ἐστὶ τὸ ἐμποδίζον; A.D. Adv. 140.12; ἀνθ’ ὅτου..; = why? Jul. 82p.109B. -C.; cf. ὅπως.

limited or made more indefinite by the addition of Particles:

1 ὅστις γε being one who (cf. ὅσγε), S. OT 1335, OC 810, Ar. Ra. 1184.

2. ὅστις δή (v. δή IV. 1), freq. used without any distinct relative force, θεῶν ὅτεῳ δή to some one or other of the gods, Hdt. 1.86; ὅτευ δὴ χρήματος δεησόμενον Id. 3.121; ᾗ τινι δὴ γνώμῃ Th. 8.87, etc.; also ὅ τι δήκοτε πρήξοντα Hdt. 6.134; ὅστις δήποτ’ ὤν Pl. Phdr. 273c; ὡς ἀπετύγχαν’ ὁτουδήποτε D. 19.167; ὁτῳδήτινι τρόπῳ PFay. 21.11 (ii A. D.); so ὁστισοῦν, ὁτιοῦν anybody (anything) whatsoever, Th. 4.16, Pl. Smp. 198b, etc.; μετὰ ὁτουοῦν τρόπου Th. 8.27; ὁτῳοῦν Pl. Tht. 175a; εἷς ὁστισοῦν any one person, Arist. Pol. 1286a31: freq. with neg., μηδ’ ἂν ὁστισοῦν τυγχάνῃ ὤν Pl. Euthphr. 5e, cf. Phd. 78d, etc.; οὐδ’ ὁτιοῦν not the least mite, nothing whatsoever, Ar. Nu. 344, Pl. 385; μηδοτιοῦν Thgn. 64: rarely, = whoever (whatever), as subject of a verb, ὁτιοῦν ἔτυχε τῶν ἐπὶ μέρους (v.l. ὅτι ἄν) Arist. Mu. 391a22. ὁστισδηποτοῦν D. 40.8, Aeschin. 1.164. so also ὅστις alone, Pl. Hp.Ma. 282d, etc.: with neg., μηδὲ οἵτινες none at all, X. HG 1.5.9; οὐδ’ ἧστινος ἂν ἀσχολίας τὸ πρᾶγμα προσεδεῖτο Plb. 9.14.6.

3. ὅστις ποτε whoever, A. Ag. 160 (lyr.), cf. Hdt. 8.65.

4. ὅστις περ (cf. ὅσπερ), mostly in neut., ὅ τι πέρ ἐστ’ ὄφελος Ar. Ec. 53, cf. Pl. R. 492e: in masc., D. 21.225.

5. ὅστις τε, where τε is otiose as in ὅστε, Il. 23.43, al. neut. ὅ τι used abs. as a Conj., v. ὅ τι. ἐξ ὅτου from which time, S. OC 345, Tr. 326, Ar. Nu. 528, X. Cyr. 8.2.16, etc.;

1. ἐξ ὅτου περ Ar. Ach. 596; ἀπ’ ὅτευ since.., Hdt. 1.7, cf. SIG 45.18 (Halic., v B. C.); so ἕως ὅτου until.., Luk 13:8.

2. from what cause, S. Tr. 671, E. Cyc. 639.

G3748, G3755

ὅστις hostis 144x

    whoever, whatever; whosoever, whatsoever, Mat 5:39; Mat 5:41; Mat 13:12; Mat 18:4;

    its use in place of the simple relative is also required in various cases, which may be learned from the grammars; ἕως ὅτου, i.e. χρόνου, until, Luk 13:8;

    while, Mat 5:25

G3748 — ὅστις

ἥτις, ὁ, τί (separated by a hypodiastole (comma), to distinguish it from ὅτι; but L T Tr write ὁ τί, without a hypodiastole (cf. Tdf. Prolog., p. 111), leaving a little space between ὁ and τί; (WH ὅτι); cf. Winers Grammar, 46 (45f); (Lipsius, Gramm. Untersuch., p. 118f; WH. Introductory § 411)), genitive ὁυτινος (but of the oblique cases only the accusative neuter ὁ, τί and the genitive ὅτου, in the phrase ἕως ὅτου, are found in the N. T.) (from Homer down), compound of ὅς and τίς, hence, properly, anyone who; i. e.:

1. whoever, everyone who: ὅστις simply, in the singular chiefly at the beginning of a sentence in general propositions, especially in Matt.; with an indicative present, Mat 13:12 (twice); Mar 8:34 (where L Tr WH εἰ τίς); Luk 14:27; neuter Mat 18:28 Rec.; with a future, Mat 5:39 (R G Tr marginal reading), ; , etc.; Jam 2:10 R G; plural οἵτινες, whosoever (all those who): with indicative present, Mar 4:20; Luk 8:15; Gal 5:4; with indicative aorist, Rev 1:7; Rev 2:24; Rev 20:4; πᾶς ὅστις, with indicative present Mat 7:24; with future Mat 10:32; ὅστις with subjunctive (where ἄν is lacking very rarely (cf. Winers Grammar, § 42, 3 (especially at the end); Buttmann, § 139, 31)) aorist (having the force of the future perfect in Latin), Mat 18:4 Rec.; Jam 2:10 L T Tr WH. ὅστις ἄν with subjunctive aorist (Latin future perfect), Mat 10:33 (R G T); ; with subjunctive present Gal 5:10 (ἐάν T Tr WH); neuter with subjunctive aorist, Luk 10:35; Joh 14:13 (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading present subjunctive); (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading present subjunctive); with subjunctive present, Joh 2:5; 1Co 16:2 (Tr WH ἐάν; WH marginal reading aorist subjunctive); ὁ ἐάν τί for ὁ, τί ἄν with subjunctive aorist Eph 6:8 (R G); πᾶν ὁ, τί ἄν or ἐάν with subjunctive present, Col 3:17, Col 3:23 (Rec.; cf. Buttmann, § 139, 19; Winer's Grammar, § 42, 3).

2. it refers to a single person or thing, but so that regard is had to a general notion or class to which this individual person or thing belongs, and thus it indicates quality: one who, such a one as, of such a nature that (cf. Kühner, § 554 Anm. 1, ii., p. 905; (Jelf, § 816, 5); Lücke on 1Jo 1:2, p. 210f): ἡγούμενος, ὅστις ποιμανεῖ, Mat 2:6; add, Mat 7:26; Mat 13:52; Mat 16:28; Mat 20:1; Mat 25:1; Mar 15:7; Luk 2:10; Luk 7:37; Luk 8:3; Joh 8:25; Joh 21:25 (Tdf. omits the verse); Act 11:28; Act 16:12; Act 24:1; Rom 11:4; 1Co 5:1; 1Co 7:13 (Tdf. εἰ τίς); Gal 4:24, Gal 4:26; Gal 5:19; Phi 2:20; Col 2:23; 2Ti 1:5; Heb 2:3; Heb 8:5; Heb 10:11; Heb 12:5; Jam 4:14; 1Jo 1:2; Rev 1:12; Rev 9:4; Rev 17:12; ὁ ναός τοῦ Θεοῦ ἅγιος ἐστιν, οἵτινες ἐστε ὑμεῖς (where οἵτινες makes reference to ἅγιος) and such are ye, 1Co 3:17 (some refer it to ναός).

3. Akin to the last usage is thai whereby it serves to give a reason, such as equivalent to seeing that he, inasmuch as he: Rom 16:12 (here Lachmann brackets the clause); Eph 3:13; (Col 3:5); Heb 8:6; plural, Mat 7:15; Act 10:47; Act 17:11; Rom 1:25, Rom 1:32; Rom 2:15; Rom 6:2; Rom 9:4; Rom 16:7; 2Co 8:10; (Phi 4:3 (where see Lightfoot)); 1Ti 1:4; Tit 1:11; 1Pe 2:11.

4. According to a later Greek usage it is put for the interrogative τίς in direct questions (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 57; Lachmann, larger edition, vol. i., p. xliii; Buttmann, 253 (218); cf. Winer's Grammar, 167 (158)); thus in the N. T. the neuter ὁ, τί stands for τί equivalent to διά τί in Mar 2:16 T Tr WH (cf. 7 WH marginal reading); Mar 9:11, (Jer 2:36; 1Ch 17:6 — for which in the parallel, 2Sa 7:7, ἵνα τί appears; Epistle of Barnabas 7, 9 [ET] ((where see Müller); cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 125; Evang. Nicod. pars i. A. 14:3 p. 245 and note; cf. also Sophocles' Lexicon, under the word, 4)); many interpreters bring in Joh 8:25 here; but respecting it see ἀρχή, 1 b.

5. It differs scarcely at all from the simple relative ὅς (cf. Matthiae, p. 1073; Buttmann, § 127, 18; (Krüger, § 51, 8; Ellicott on Gal 4:24; cf. Jebb in Vincent and Dickson's Handbook. to Modern Greek, Appendix, § 24); but cf. C. F. A. Fritzsche in Fritzschiorum opuscc., p. 182f, who stoutly denies it): Luk 2:4; Luk 9:30; Act 17:10; Act 23:14; Act 28:18; Eph 1:23.

6. ἕως ὅτου, on which see ἕως, II. 1 b. β., p. 268b middle

ὅστις , ἥτις , ὅ τι

(also written ὅ , τι and ὅτι ; v. LS , s.v. ; WH , 411; Tdf., Pr. , 111), in NT scarcely ever except in nom . ( M , Pr., 91), the only instance of the oblique cases being found in ἕως ὅτου ( see ἕως ), relative of indef. reference (related to simple ὅς as Lat. quisguis to qui), whoever, anyone who;

(a) of an indef. person or thing: in general statements, Mat 5:39; Mat 5:41; Mat 13:12, and freq ., Luk 14:27, Gal 5:4, al. ; in relative sentences, Mat 7:26, Luk 15:7, Php 3:7, al. ; πᾶς ὅ ., c . indic ., Mat 7:24; Mat 10:32; ὅ . ἄν ( ἐάν ), c . subjc ., Mat 12:50; Mat 13:12, Joh 14:13 , 1Co 16:2, Gal 5:10 al. ;

(b) of a definite person or thing, indicating quality, "either generic, which, as other like things, or essential, which by its very nature" ( Hort on 1Pe 2:11), who is such as: Mat 2:6; Mat 7:26, Luk 2:10; Luk 7:37 Joh 8:53, Act 7:53, Rom 6:2 , 1Co 3:17, Gal 4:24, Eph 1:23, al. ;

(c) where the relative sentence expresses a reason, consequence, etc. ( M , Pr., 92), seeing that he ( it, they), and he ( it, they): Luk 8:3; Luk 10:42, Act 10:47; Act 11:28, Php 4:3, al. ;

(d) as in Ionic and late Greek (El., § 50, 1; M , Pr., l.c .), differing but little from ὅς : Luk 2:4; Luk 9:30, Act 17:10, Rev 12:13.

ὅτου G3755, see ὅστις .

詞類次數：形，代（153）

原文字根：這-任何 相當於：H834（אֲשֶׁר‎ / בַּאֲשֶׁר‎ / כַּאֲשֶׁר‎ / מֵאֲשֶׁר‎）

字義溯源：這些，那些，這事，他們，他，無論甚麼，無論，就是，乃是，這些事，這些人，有些，有人，那人，任何人，誰，無論何者，這，那，就，凡；由（G3739（ὅς / ὅσγε）*=那）與（G5100（τὶς）*=有些）組成。參讀373同源字

出現次數：總共（136）；太（29）；可（4）；路（17）；約（2）；徒（23）；羅（10）；林前（2）；林後（2）；加（7）；弗（4）；腓（3）；西（2）；帖後（1）；提前（3）；提後（3）；多（1）；來（9）；雅（2）；彼前（1）；彼後（1）；約壹（1）；啓（9）

譯字彙編：

1）他們（25）太7:15；可9:1；徒5:16；徒11:20；徒17:10；徒17:11；徒21:4；徒23:14；徒23:21；徒23:33；徒24:1；徒28:18；羅1:25；羅1:32；羅9:4；羅16:4；羅16:7；加2:4；弗4:19；西4:11；帖後1:9；提後2:18；來13:7；彼後2:1；啓17:12；

2）凡（8）太10:33；太12:50；太13:12；太13:12；太18:4；太23:12；太23:12；雅2:10；

3）就（7）太27:62；路8:26；路12:1；林後9:11；加5:19；提前6:21；來9:2；

4）這（7）徒16:12；弗3:13；弗6:2；腓1:28；西3:5；提後1:5；來10:11；

5）那（6）路7:39；路15:7；加4:24；加4:26；來9:9；啓12:13；

6）那些（5）太21:41；可12:18；路8:15；啓9:4；啓20:4；

7）他（5）太2:6；太20:1；太21:33；可15:7；約8:53；

8）她們（4）太25:1；太27:55；路8:3；路23:55；

9）她（4）路8:43；羅16:6；羅16:12；弗1:23；

10）凡⋯的（3）太19:29；路14:15；路14:27；

11）有些（3）太19:12；太19:12；太19:12；

12）乃是（2）路10:42；徒16:17；

13）就是（2）可4:20；來12:5；

14）這些人（2）徒10:47；徒13:31；

15）有人（2）太5:39；太5:41；

16）誰（2）加5:10；啓1:12；

17）無論（2）太7:24；太10:32；

18）這些事（2）加4:24；提前1:4；

19）你們（2）徒7:53；林後8:10；

20）這些（2）加5:4；來8:5；

21）他就（1）多1:11；

22）使其（1）提後2:2；

23）能（1）腓2:20；

24）使她們（1）腓4:3；

25）這家（1）提前3:15；

26）這私慾（1）彼前2:11；

27）那個（1）啓19:2；

28）這城（1）啓11:8；

29）關乎⋯的（1）路2:10；

30）這些⋯的人（1）徒10:41；

31）那些⋯的人（1）啓2:24；

32）的人（1）啓1:7；

33）將那（1）約壹1:2；

34）這約（1）來8:6；

35）因是（1）來10:8；

36）如何（1）雅4:14；

37）那是（1）林前5:1；

38）這救恩（1）來2:3；

39）這事（1）徒11:28；

40）這些話（1）路1:20；

41）那城（1）路2:4；

42）有一個（1）路7:37；

43）那裏（1）路9:30；

44）其（1）太23:27；

45）他為（1）太22:2；

46）就把（1）太7:24；

47）乃把（1）太7:26；

48）要（1）太13:52；

49）在（1）太16:28；

50）那人（1）路23:19；

51）倘（1）約21:25；

52）因著（1）徒16:16；

53）這乃（1）羅2:15；

54）我們（1）羅6:2；

55）是（1）羅11:4；

56）這二人（1）徒13:43；

57）那門（1）徒12:10；

58）無論誰（1）徒3:23；

59）兩人（1）徒8:15；

60）就都（1）徒9:35；

61）這殿（1）林前3:17