ἐπαιν-έω,
Aeol. ἐπαίνημι Simon. 5.19; Lacon. ἐπαινίω Ar. Lys. 198: impf. ἐπῄνεον Il 3.461 (tm.): fut. -έσω Semon. 7.29, S. El. 1057, E. Andr. 465 (lyr.), Heracl. [300], Pl. Smp. 214e (dub. l.), X. An. 1.4.16, 5.5.8: but more freq. -έσομαι E. Ba. 1195 (lyr.), Pl. Smp. 199a, R. 379e, 383a, X. HG 3.2.6, D. 2.31, etc.; poet. -ήσω Thgn. 93 codd., Pi. P. 10.69: aor. 1 ἐπῄνεσα S. Aj. 536, Th. 1.86, etc. (v. infr.); poet. (not Trag.) ἐπῄνησα Il. 2.335, 18.312, Thgn. 876, Pi. P. 4.168, 189: also Aeol. prose, Schwyzer 622.21, 623.31, 636.17 (but -έσαι 623.34): pf. ἐπῄνεκα Isoc. 12.207,261, Pl. Plt. 307a, etc.:
I
1. - Med., aor. ἐπῃνησάμην Them. Or. 16.200c; -εσάμην Phalar. 147: - Pass., fut. ἐπαινεθήσομαι And. 2.13, Pl. R. 474d; later ἐπαινηθήσομαι Longus 4.4 codd.: aor. ἐπῃνέθην Th. 2.25, Isoc. 12.146, etc.; but ἐπῃνήθην SIG 708.20 (Istropolis, ii B. C.): pf. ἐπῄνημαι Hp. Acut. 51, Isoc. 12.233: = αἰνέω (for which it is regularly used in Att.): - approve, applaud, commend, in Hom. mostly abs., ἐπὶ δ’ ᾔνεον ἄλλοι Ἀχαιοί Il. 3.461, etc.: c. acc. rei, μῦθον ἐπαινήσαντες Ὀδυσσῆος 2.335; μῦθον ἐ. πρεσβυτέροισι h.Merc. 457; σύνθεσιν Pi. P. 4.168: c. dat. pers., agree with, side with, Ἕκτορι μὲν γὰρ ἐπῄνησαν Il. 18.312: abs., assent, agree, Ar. Av. 1616; ἐπαινεσάντων δ’ αὐτῶν on their assent, Th. 4.65.
2. praise, commend in any way (the usu. sense in Att. and Trag.), τινά or τι, Alc. 37 A, Hdt. 3.34, 6.130; τὸ λίαν ἧσσον ἐ. τοῦ μηδὲν ἄγαν E. Hipp. 264; ἐ. τινά τι commend one for a thing, but in this case the thing is always a neut. Pron. or Adj., τὰ μέν σ’ ἐπαινῶ A. Pr. 342 (cf. 111); πάντ’ ἔχω σ’ ἐπαινέσαι S. Aj. 1381, cf. Pl. Smp. 222a; in Din. 3.22 ἐπαινεῖσθαι ταῖς ζητήσεσιν, [ἐπί] shd. be read; ἐπί τινι.. καὶ διότι Inscr.Prien. 44.17 (ii B. C.); εἴς τι Pl. Alc. 1.111a; κατά τι D.S. 1.37; πρός τι Pl. Tht. 145b; also ἐ. τινά τινος Plu. 2.1c, Luc. Herm. 42 (but ἐ. τί τινος praise something in some one, Pl. Prt. 361d): c.acc. cogn., ἔπαινον ἐ. Id. La. 181b: c. part., ἐπαινέσεσθαί τινα ἀνασχόμενον D. 21.73; ἐ. τινὰ ὅτι.. Pl. Grg. 471d; ἐ. τινὰ πρός τινα praise one man to another, Id. R. 501c; esp. compliment publicly, [Βρασίδας] πρῶτος τῶν κατὰ τὸν πόλεμον ἐπῃνέθη ἐν Σπάρτῃ Th. 2.25; freq. in honorary Inscrr., cf. IG 22.102, Inscr.Prien. l.c., etc.: c. dat. pers., τῷ δήμῳ τῷ Σαμίων IG 12.101.2, cf. SIG 604.11 (Delph., ii B. C.).
3. of things, [πολιτεία] ὑπὸ πάντων -ουμένη Isoc. 12.118, cf. Arist. Pol. 1289a1; νόμοι -ούμενοι Id. Rh. 1375b24; approve, πόλις ἄλλως ἄλλοτ’ ἐ. τὰ δίκαια A. Th. 1077.
4. agree to or undertake to do, ῥώμην μ’ ἐπαινῶ λαμβάνειν E. Andr. 553; ἐ. εἰς τὸ λοιπόν PTeb. 8.18 (iii B. C.).
5. aor. ἐπῄνεσα in Att. in pres. sense, ἐπῄνεσ’ ἔργον I commend it, S. Aj. 536: abs., well done! Id. Fr. 282, Ar. Ach. 485, cf. E. Alc. 1095, Med. 707.
II = παραινέω, recommend, advise, τοιούσδ’ ἐπαινεῖς δῆτα δὺ κτᾶσθαι φίλους; S. Aj. 1360, cf. A. Th. 596, Supp. 996: c. dat. et inf., ὑμῖν δ’ ἐπαινῶ γλῶσσαν εὔφημον φέρειν Id. Ch. 581; σιγᾶν ἐπῄνεσ’ (cf. 1.5) S. El. 1322, cf. OC 665.
III as a civil form of declining an offer or invitation, I thank you, I am much obliged, κάλλιστ’, ἐπαινῶ Ar. Ra. 508 (ubi v. Sch.), cf. A. Pr. 342; so ἐ. τὴν κλῆσιν decline it, X. Smp. 1.7, cf. An. 7.7.52. of Rhapsodists, recite, declaim publicly, Pl. Ion 536d, 541e.