H8064. shamayim

[שָׁמַי‎] noun masculine^{Deut 33:28} only plural שָׁמַ֫יִם‎₄₂₁ (Sta^{§324 a}) heavens, sky (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian šamû plural šamê, šamûtu, also šamâmu, compare Phoenician שמם‎; Sabean סמה‎ Hom^{Chr 46, 124}; Arabic Ethiopic Aramaic שְׁמַיָּא‎ ; Palmyrene, Nabataean שמ(י)ן‎ in proper name (compounded with בעל‎) Lzb¹⁵³ GACooke⁴⁵; on plural form see Ba^{ZMG xiii (1888), 341 f.}); — absolute ׳שׁ‎ Gen 1:1 +, מָ֑יִם‎- 2:4 +; הַשָּׁמַ֫יְמָה‎ Exod 9:8 +; construct שְׁמֵי‎ Deut 10:14 9t.; suffix שָׁמֶיךָ‎ Psa 8:4 2t., שָׁמָיו‎ Deut 33:28, שְׁמֵיכֶם‎ Lev 26:19, with verb plural, Hosea 2:23; —

1. a. visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are Judg 5:20; Gen 15:5 (J), Deut 4:19; Gen 1:14-15, 17 (P), hence הַשּׁ ׳כּוֺכְבֵי‎ 22:17 (JE) = 9 t. (usually as countless), הַשּׁ צְבָא ׳(כָּלֿ)‎ Deut 4:19; Jer 8:2 + ( ׳צ‎

1c; rarely of angels, ׳צ‎

1b; before which fowl fly Gen 1:20 (P), compare Deut 4:17; Jer 8:7; Prov 30:19, הַשּׁ ׳עוֺף‎ Gen 2:19 (J), 1:19 (P) + (עוֺף‎ 1), שׁ ׳צִמֹּר‎ Psa 8:9, שׁ ׳נִשְׁרֵי‎ Lam 4:19; as רָקִיע‎ (q. v.) Gen 1:8 (P), Psa 19:2, with waters beneath and above Gen 1:9 (P, compare 1:7), Psa 148:4, darkened with clouds 1Kin 18:45, cleared by wind Job 26:13; whence comes rain Gen 8:2 (J), Judg 5:4; Deut 11:11 +, and dew Gen 27:28 (J), 27:39 (E), Deut 33:28 (poem) +. compare שׁ ׳בִּרְכֹת‎ Gen 49:25 (poem in J), שׁ ׳מֶגֶר‎ Deut 33:13 (poem), but also (destructive) fire 2Kin 1:10 (twice in verse); Job 1:16 + (see also 2a below); ׳הֹבְרֵישׁ‎ Isa 47:13, i.e. astrologers, compare ׳אוֺתוֺתהַשּׁ‎ Jer 10:2; as high Gen 11:4 (J), Amos (:2(opposed to שְׁאוֺל‎), 11:6 (opposed to אֶרֶץ‎) +, הַשּׁ ׳עַדלֵֿב‎ Deut 4:11;as over all the earth, (כָּלֿ)הַשּׁ ׳תַּחַת‎ Gen 6:17; 7:19 (both P), Deut 2:25; Eccl 1:13 וגו ׳מִתַּחַת‎ (of extermination) Exod 17:14 (E), Deut 7:24; 9:14 +; specifically of Israel, שָׁמֶיךָ‎ 28:23, שְׁמֵיכֶם‎ Lev 26:19 (H); הַשּׁ ׳בֵּין הָאָרֶץ וּבֵין‎ 2Sam 18:9 (hung from tree), 1Chr 21:16 (of angel), compare Ezek 8:3 (Ezekiel in vision), Zech 5:9 (flying ephah); ׳הַשּׁ הַשּׁ ׳מִקְּצֵה וְעַדקְֿצֵה‎ of limits of horizon Deut 4:32, compare 30:4; Neh 1:9; Psa 19:7 as made by God Jer 51:15 (opposed to תֵּבֵל‎), Psa 8:4 +? Deut 11:21; Job 14:12; Psa 89:30; especially׳(הַ)שּׁ וְ(הָ)אָרֶץ‎ = universe (compare in Sabean, SabDenkm^{No.41.42, l.3}) Deut 3:24 Gen 1:1 (P) + (especially Deuteronomy, Isa², Psalms), + הַיָם‎ Exod 20:11; Hag 2:6, etc., + לָאָרֶץ מִתַּחַת מַיִם‎ Exod 20:4= Deut 5:8,.compare Prov 30:4, etc.; opposed to תְּהוֺם‎ 8:27 (+ אֶרֶץ‎ 8:29) ׳שׁ חֲרָשָׁה וְהָאָרֶץ חֲרָשִׁים‎ as part of future glory Isa 65:17; 66:22.

b. phrases are: הַשּׁ ׳אֲרֻבּוֺת‎ (letting rain through) Gen 7:11; 8:2 (P), Mal 3:10 (figurative), compare י ׳הֲיַעֲשֶׂה ׳א ׳בַּשּׁ‎ 2Kin 7:2, 19, so שׁ ׳דַּלְתֵי‎ Psa 78:23 (for manna), compare שׁ ׳דְָּגַן‎, 78:24, שׁ ׳לֶחֶם‎ 105:40; הַשּׁ ׳מוֺסְדוֺת‎ 2Sam 22:8 (|| הָאָרֶץ‎; in || Psa 18:8 ׳מ חָרִים‎), שׁ ׳עַמּוּרֵי‎ Job 26:11, שׁ ׳חוּג‎ 22:14; towards the sky is הַשָּׁמַ֫יְמָה‎ Josh 8:20(J), Exod 9:8, 10 (P), Job 2:12; Judg 13:20; 20:40; 2Chr 6:13; עַלהַֿשָּׁמַיִם‎ Exod 9:22-23, 10:21-22,(all E), ׳אֶלשֿׁ‎ Deut 32:40 (poem), Dan 12:7, ׳שׁ‎ alone 1Kin 8:22, 54; Job 35:5; Prov 23:5.

2. a. as abode of God (׳י‎) 1Kin 8:30, 32 +? Psa 2:3; Isa 66:1, etc., compare ׳רֹכֵבשׁ‎ Deut 33:26(poem), Psa 68:34, whence he rains brimstone Gen 19:24 (J), bread Exod 16:4 (E), compare Neh 9:15, casts hailstones Josh 11:11 (E), talks with Israel Exod 20:22 (E; Gi 20:19) +, compare Gen 21:17; 22:11, 15 (E), looks down Deut 26:15 +, hears his people Psa 20:7+ 10 t. Chronicles, etc.; he thunders ׳בַּשּׁ‎ 1Sam 2:10; Psa 18:14,|| ׳מִןשֿׁ‎ 2Sam 22:14; he bends (נטה‎) ׳שׁ‎ to come down 22:10= Psa 18:10, compare 144:5 and (rend) Isa 63:19; הַשּׁ ׳נִמְּתְּחוּ‎ Ezek 1:1 in vision of God, compare הַשּׁ ׳שַׁעַר‎ Gen 28:17 (E; + אֱלֹהִים בֵּית‎); though even הַשּׁ ׳שְׁמֵי‎ the highest heuvens cannot hold him Deut 10:14; 1Kin 8:27; 2Chr 6:18, 2:5; Neh 9:6; Psa 148:4, שְׁמֵיקֶֿדֶם שְׁמֵי‎ 68:34; he is called הַשּׁ ׳אֱלֹהֵי‎ (post-exilic title) Ezra 1:2 2Chr 36:23; + 11 t. Ezra Nehemiah; Jonah 1:9 (compare Aramaic, Dan 2:18-19, 37, 44; in Gen 24:7 add with הָאָרֶץ וֵאלֹהֵי ᵐ5‎, as 24:3), ׳אֵלהַֿשׁ‎ Psa 136:26; his sword is ׳בַּשׁ‎ Isa 34:5, but also his חֶסֶד‎ Psa 36:6, צֶדֶק‎ 85:12, אֱמוּנָח‎ 89:3, his word fixed 119:89. — ׳שׁ‎ are שָׁמָיו‎ (of Israel) Deut 33:28 (poem), שְׁמֵיכֶם‎ Lev 26:19; שָׁמֶיךָ‎ Psa 8:4; 144:5, י ׳שְׁמֵי‎ Lam 3:66, ׳שׁ קָדְשׁוֺ‎ Psa 20:7.

b. Elijah taken up ׳הַשּׁ‎ in whirlwind 2Kin 2:1, compare 2:11.

3 ׳הַשּׁ‎ personified in various relations Isa 1:2; Jer 2:12; Job 15:15; Psa 19:2; 50:6 = 97:6; 89:6; 148:4.

4 ׳הַשּׁ מְלֶכֶת‎ see ׳מ‎ p. 573.

I, II. שַׁמָּה‎ see שׁמם‎. שָׂ֫מָּה‎ see שָׁם‎.

[שְׁמַ֫יִן‎] noun masculine plural heavens (Biblical Hebrew [שָׁמַי‎], שָׁמַיִם‎, √ שׁמה‎); — always emphatic שְׁמַיָּא‎:

1 visible sky Jer 10:11; Dan 4:8; 4:10; 4:17; 4:19; 4:20; 4:27; 4:28; שׁ ׳עוֺף‎ 2:38; שׁ ׳צִמֲּרֵי‎ 4:9; 4:18; שׁ ׳טַל‎ 4:12; 4:20; 4:22; 4:30; 5:21; שׁ ׳רוּחֵי‎ 7:2 winds of the sky; שׁ ׳עֲנָנֵי‎ 7:13; heavens + earth = universe Jer 10:11, where God shews signs Dan 6:28.

2heavens as abode of God Dan 2:28; 4:31, hence, figurative, as ruling 4:23 (׳שׁ‎ sometimes = God in Late Hebrew, J, Aramaic, D^{Worte Jesu 179; Eng.Tr.218 f.}); as abode of angels 4:32 (Dr); elsewhere in phrase שׁ ׳אֱלָהּ‎ 2:18-19, 37, 44; Ezra 5:11; 5:12; 6:9; 6:10; 7:12; 7:21; 7:23 (twice in verse), שׁ ׳מֶלֶךְ‎ Dan 4:34, שׁ ׳מָרֵא‎ 5:23.

詞類次數：名詞（422）

原文字根：處；相當於G3772（οὐρανός）

字義溯源：天*，天空，諸天，天上，天象，空中，穹蒼。這字出自一未經編號的字根，意為：高超

出現次數：總共（419）；創（40）；出（14）；利（1）；申（44）；書（4）；士（4）；撒上（4）；撒下（6）；王上（20）；王下（16）；代上（6）；代下（29）；拉（2）；尼（14）；伯（23）；詩（73）；箴（6）；傳（5）；賽（33）；耶（33）；哀（5）；結（9）；但（5）；何（4）；珥（3）；摩（2）；拿（1）；鴻（1）；哈（1）；番（2）；該（3）；亞（5）；瑪（1）

譯字彙編：

1）諸天（80）出10:21；出20:11；出31:17；申10:14；撒下22:10；王下19:15；代上16:26；代下2:12；代下6:18；尼9:6；伯9:8；伯14:12；伯15:15；伯20:27；伯22:14；伯26:11；伯35:5；伯38:33；詩8:3；詩18:9；詩33:6；詩50:6；詩53:2；詩57:3；詩57:5；詩57:10；詩57:11；詩68:8；詩69:34；詩85:11；詩89:5；詩89:11；詩89:29；詩96:5；詩102:19；詩102:25；詩103:11；詩107:26；詩108:4；詩108:5；詩115:15；詩121:2；詩124:8；詩134:3；詩139:8；詩146:6；詩147:8；箴3:19；箴8:27；箴25:3；箴30:4；賽13:13；賽14:12；賽37:16；賽40:12；賽44:24；賽45:12；賽48:13；賽50:3；賽51:6；賽51:13；賽51:16；賽55:9；賽63:15；賽64:1；耶23:24；耶31:37；耶32:17；耶33:25；耶49:36；耶51:48；哀2:1；哀3:50；結32:7；何2:21；珥3:16；哈3:3；該1:10；該2:6；亞12:1；

2）（那）諸天（52）出17:14；出32:13；申7:24；申10:14；王下14:27；王下21:3；王下23:4；王下23:5；代上21:16；代上21:26；代下6:26；代下7:1；代下7:13；代下7:14；代下28:9；伯1:16；伯37:3；伯41:11；詩19:1；詩36:5；詩50:4；詩96:11；詩97:6；詩113:4；詩113:6；詩115:16；詩119:89；詩148:1；箴30:19；傳1:13；傳3:1；賽13:5；賽13:10；賽34:4；賽42:5；賽51:6；賽55:10；耶4:23；耶4:28；耶7:18；耶8:2；耶10:13；耶14:22；耶19:13；耶33:22；耶51:9；耶51:53；哀3:41；結1:1；結32:8；但8:10；亞6:5；

3）（那諸）天（45）創1:1；創1:9；創1:20；創2:4；創11:4；創24:3；創28:12；出9:22；出9:23；出10:22；出16:4；出24:10；申1:28；申2:25；申4:11；申4:32；申4:32；申4:39；申11:11；申11:17；申11:21；申17:3；申30:4；申30:12；撒上5:12；撒下22:8；王上18:45；王下2:1；王下2:11；尼1:9；詩8:1；詩19:6；賽66:22；耶10:2；耶44:17；耶44:18；耶44:19；耶44:25；結8:3；但9:12；但11:4；但12:7；摩9:2；亞2:6；亞8:12；

4）（那諸）天上（30）創19:24；創22:11；創22:15；創22:17；創27:28；出20:22；申3:24；申4:19；申4:36；申26:15；申28:62；申30:12；書10:11；撒上2:10；王上8:30；王下1:10；王下1:10；王下1:12；王下1:12；王下1:14；王下7:2；王下7:19；王下17:16；伯20:6；詩2:4；珥2:30；摩9:6；拿1:9；鴻3:16；番1:5；

5）（那）諸天上（18）代上27:23；代上29:11；代下6:14；代下6:21；代下6:23；代下6:25；代下18:18；代下30:27；伯16:19；詩11:4；詩18:13；詩103:19；詩115:3；詩135:6；詩136:26；傳5:2；賽14:13；賽34:5；

6）（那）空中（18）創1:26；創1:28；創1:30；創2:19；撒下21:10；伯28:21；伯35:11；傳10:20；耶9:10；耶16:4；耶19:7；耶51:16；結31:6；結31:13；結32:4；何4:3；何7:12；番1:3；

7）那諸天上（17）王上22:19；代下6:30；代下6:33；代下6:35；代下6:39；代下20:6；代下36:23；拉1:2；尼1:4；尼1:5；尼2:4；尼2:20；尼9:6；尼9:23；詩73:9；詩73:25；詩148:4；

8）那諸天（15）創1:15；創1:17；出20:4；申4:19；申5:8；申9:14；申28:24；王上8:23；王上8:27；代下2:6；代下33:3；詩148:4；賽66:1；亞5:9；瑪3:10；

9）天（13）創7:19；創49:25；利26:19；申4:26；申28:12；申28:23；申30:19；申31:28；申32:40；士5:4；伯11:8；伯22:12；該2:21；

10）天上（10）創8:2；創21:17；申33:13；士5:20；撒下22:14；尼9:28；詩14:2；詩20:6；詩78:23；詩80:14；

11）諸天上（9）拉9:6；尼9:13；尼9:15；尼9:27；伯38:29；伯38:37；詩33:13；詩76:8；詩89:2；

12）在那諸天上（7）王上8:34；王上8:36；王上8:39；王上8:43；王上8:45；王上8:49；代下6:27；

13）（諸）天（6）創1:8；創1:14；創14:19；創14:22；賽65:17；珥2:10；

14）（那）天空（6）申4:17；撒上17:44；撒上17:46；詩78:26；詩79:2；結38:20；

15）（那）天（6）書2:11；書8:20；書10:13；士13:20；士20:40；伯28:24；

16）的諸天（4）王上8:27；詩115:16；詩148:4；哀3:66；

17）向那諸天（4）王上8:22；王上8:54；代下6:13；箴23:5；

18）穹蒼（3）賽40:22；耶10:12；耶51:15；

19）諸天阿（3）賽1:2；賽44:23；賽45:8；

20）（那）空中的（3）創2:20；創6:7；創7:23；

21）空中（3）詩8:8；哀4:19；何2:18；

22）（那些）空中（3）創9:2；耶4:25；耶15:3；

23）那諸天的（3）創7:11；申10:22；賽45:18；

24）的天（2）代下6:18；尼9:6；

25）那些空中（2）創7:3；王上16:4；

26）（那諸）天上的（2）創26:4；申1:10；

27）必被那些空中（2）王上14:11；王上21:24；

28）向那天（2）出9:8；出9:10；

29）和那諸天（2）代下2:6；代下6:18；

30）（那）諸天的（2）王下21:5；詩136:5；

31）天上的（2）創8:2；詩68:33；

32）（那）天上（2）撒下21:10；王上8:32；

33）這諸天（2）申25:19；申29:20；

34）諸天哪（2）賽49:13；耶2:12；

35）（那諸）天的（2）申9:1；但8:8；

36）那天空（2）申28:26；伯12:7；

37）（那）空（2）耶8:7；結29:5；

38）（那諸）天和（2）創2:1；撒下18:9；

39）那空中（2）耶7:33；耶34:20；

40）諸（1）詩68:33；

41）將天上（1）詩78:24；

42）（那些）天上（1）詩104:12；

43）你諸天（1）詩144:5；

44）在那諸天（1）傳2:3；

45）（那）諸天上的（1）賽34:4；

46）使諸天（1）伯26:13；

47）在諸天（1）詩148:13；

48）（那）諸天上的阿（1）詩123:1；

49）天象（1）賽47:13；

50）並用諸天上（1）詩105:40；

51）和諸天（1）創2:4；

52）和那諸天上的（1）申10:14；

53）（那）諸天哪（1）申32:1；

54）天空（1）申33:26；

55）向著那天（1）申4:19；

56）你向那諸天（1）創15:5；

57）天的（1）創28:17；

58）那天上的（1）創24:7；

59）他的諸天（1）申33:28；

60）和那諸天上（1）王上8:27；

61）向諸天（1）代下32:20；

62）那諸天上的（1）代下33:5；

63）（那）眾天（1）尼9:6；

64）的高天（1）代下2:6；

65）願那諸天（1）代上16:31；

66）（那些）諸天（1）創6:17；

67）使天（1）王上8:35；

68）（那）向天（1）伯2:12