σίδηρος [ῐ], Dor. σίδᾱρος IG 42(1).102.61 (Epid., iv B.C. ), etc.: ὁ; also ἡ, Nic. Th. 923: neut. σίδηρον, τό, Sch.D Il. 4.151, v.l. in Hdt. 7.65 and Daimachus 4J. (but prob. f.l. for σιδήριον in Gal. 19.72, cf. Hsch. s.v. Ἀκίς ): pl. σίδηρα Aret. SD 2.12, EM 26.36, Tz. (v. infr.): - iron, ς. πολιός Il. 9.366, Od. 24.168; ἰόεις Il. 23.850; μέλας Hes. Op. 151; αἴθων Il. 4.485, al.; πολύκμητος 6.48, al., cf. Od. 9.393; as an article of traffic, οἰνίζοντο . . Ἀχαιοί, ἄλλοι μὲν χαλκῷ, ἄλλοι δ’ αἴθωνι ς. Il. 7.473; πλέων . . μετὰ χαλκόν· ἄγω δ’ αἴθωνα σίδηρον Od. 1.184; χαλκός τε χρυσός τε πολύκμητός τε ς., of treasures, Il. 11.133, al.; as a prize, 23.261, 850; Σκύθης ς., because brought from the Euxine, A. Th. 818; ὁ πόντιος ξεῖνος . . θηκτὸς ς. ib. 942 (lyr.).
2. freq. as a symbol of hardness (cf. σιδήρεος 1.2 ), or of stubborn force, Il. 20.372, Od. 19.494; ὀφθαλμοὶ ὡσεὶ κέρα ἕστασαν ἠὲ ς . ib. 211; οὔ σφι λίθος χρὼς οὐδὲ ς. Il. 4.510; ἐκ ς. κεχάλκευται . . καρδίαν Pi. Fr. 123.4, cf. S. Fr. 658; ἦσθα πέτρος ἢ ς. E. Med. 1279 (lyr.), cf. Pl. Lg. 666c; also of firmness, steadfastness, πέτρης ὅ γ’ ἔχων νόον ἠὲ ς . Mosch. 4.44, cf. Ach.Tat. 5.22 .
II anything made of iron, iron tool or implement, for husbandry, Il. 4.485, cf. 23.834: also of weapons, arrow-head, 4.123; sword or knife, 18.34, 23.30; αὐτὸς γὰρ ἐφέλκεται ἄνδρα ς. Od. 16.294, cf. E. Or. 966 (lyr.); axe-head, Od. 19.587: generally, arms, οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ς. κατέθεντο Th. 1.6; ὅπλοις τε καὶ σιδήρῳ διώξειν OGI 532.25 (Galatia, i B.C. ): also, knife, sickle, Hes. Op. 387: pl., fishing-hooks, Theoc. 21.49; irons, fetters, Aret. SD 2.12, Tz. H. 13.302; cf. σιδήριον .
III place for selling iron, smithy or cutler’s shop, ἀγαγόντα εἰς τὸν ς. X. HG 3.3.7 .