κᾰθαίρω,
fut. κᾰθᾰρῶ X. Oec. 18.6, prob. in Pl. Lg. 735b, etc.: aor. 1 ἐκάθηρα Od. 20.152, Th. 3.104, Hp. Mul. 1.47, IG 22.1672.47 (ἀνα-), Theoc. 5.119, etc.; ἐκάθᾱρα is found in codd. of Antipho 6.37, X. An. 5.7.35, Hp. Acut. (Sp.) 11, and commonly in later Gr., Thphr. Char. 16.7, BCH 6.23 (Delos, ii B.C.), (ἀνα-) PPetr. 3p.141 (iii B.C.), (συνανα-) IG 11(2).163 A 56 (Delos, iii B.C.), cf. διακαθαίρω, ἐκκαθαίρω, etc., and Phryn. 16; v. infr. Med.: pf. κεκάθαρκα (ἐκ-) Sch. Ar. Pax 752: -
Med., fut. καθαροῦμαι Pl. Cra. 396e, Hp. Morb. 2.38 (in pass. sense, ib. 2.13, Nat.Mul. 13, Mul. 2.160): aor. ἐκαθηράμην A. Fr. 354, Hp. Epid. 5.43, Pl. Lg. 868a, IG 11(2).146 A 78 (Delos, iv B.C.), 153.9, 154 A 37 (ibid., iii B.C.); later ἐκαθᾱράμην ib.146 A 80 (iv B.C.), Inscr.Délos 290.79, al. (iii B.C.), etc., (ἀνα-) IG 22.1668.8 (iv B.C.): Pass., fut. καθαρθήσομαι Ruf. ap. Orib. 7.26.64, Gal. 7.222: aor. ἐκαθάρθην Hdt. 1.43, Th. 3.104, Hp. Epid. 5.2, etc. (aor. 2 ἀποκαθαρῇ is f.l. in Arr. Cyn. 27.1): pf. κεκάθαρμαι Hp. Nat.Mul. 8, Pl. Phd. 69c, etc.: (καθαρός):
I
1. cleanse, of things, καθήρατε δὲ κρητῆρας Od. 20.152; τραπέζας ὕδατ ι.. καθαίρειν 22.439; καθήραντες χρόα καλὸν ὕδατι 24.44; κ. οἰκίαν Antipho l.c., Thphr. l.c.; of wounds, Hp. Ulc. 6, al. (cf. καθαιρέω 11.6): c. gen., ἵππον αὐχμηρᾶς τριχός S. Fr. 475; κ. σῖτον X. Oec. 18.6; γῆν clear of weeds, ib. 20.11, cf. PLille 5.24 (iii B.C.), etc.; χρυσόν purify, refine, Pl. Plt. 303d: metaph., purge, clear a land of monsters and robbers, S. Tr. 1012 (hex.), 1061, Plu. Thes. 7; κ.λῃστηρίων τὴν ἐπαρχίαν Id. Ma 6: c.acc. cogn., καθαρμὸν κ. Pl. Lg. 735b: - Pass., τὴν νηδὺν ἀνασχισθεῖσαν καὶ καθαρθεῖσαν Hdt. 4.71.
2. in religious sense, purify, [ δέπας] ἐκάθηρε θεείῳ by fumigating with sulphur, Il. 16.228; κ. τινὰ φόνου purify him from blood, Hdt. 1.44, cf. Berl.Sitzb. 1927.160(Cyrene); Δῆλον κ. Hdt. 1.64, cf. Th. 1.8; στόλον κ., Lat. classem lustrare, App. BC 5.96: abs., IG 5(1).1390.68 (Andania, i B.C.): - Med., purify oneself, get purified, Hdt. 4.73; οἱ φιλοσοφίᾳ καθηράμενοι Pl. Phd. 114c, cf. Phdr. 243a, Cra. 396e; καθαίρεσθαι καθαρμούς Id. Lg. 868e; καθήρασθαι στόμα keep one’s tongue pure, A. Fr. 354: - Pass., κεκαθαρμένος καὶ τετελεσμένος Pl. Phd. 69c.
3. Medic., purge, evacuate, either by purgatives or emetics, κ. κάτω ἢ ἄνω Hp. Mul. 1.64 (Pass.), cf. Thphr. HP 9.11.11, etc.: - Med., κατὰ κύστιν ἐκαθήρατο Hp. Epid. 1.15: - Pass., ib. 5.2, etc.; also of menstruation, Id. Superf. 33; of the after-birth, τὰ λοχεῖα κ. Id. Mul. 1.78; καθαίρων, ὁ, name for ἶρις, Ps.- Dsc. 1.1.
4. prune a tree,i.e. clear it of superfluous wood, [Joh 15:2].
5. sift, winnow grain, PTeb. 373.10 (ii A.D.).
6. metaph., = μαστιγόω, Theoc. 5.119.
II of the thing removed by purification, purge away, wash off, λύματα πάντα κάθηρεν Il. 14.171; ἐπεὶ πλῦνάν τε κάθηράν τε ῥύπα πάντα Od. 6.93; clear away, τὰ λῃστικά D.C. 37.52: metaph., φόνον κ. A. Ch. 74 (lyr.); also perh., clear up, explain an action, τὴν σύστασιν Epicur. Nat. 66G., cf. 73G.
III c. dupl. acc., αἷμα κάθηρον.. Σαρπηδόνα cleanse him of blood, wash the blood off him, Il. 16.667: - Pass., καθαίρομαι γῆρας I am purged of old age, A. Fr. 45; ὁ καθαρθεὶς τὸν φόνον Hdt. 1.43.