H5030. nabi
נָבִיא306 noun masculine spokesman, speaker, prophet — ׳נ [Gen 20:7] 155t.; suffix נְבִיאֶ֑ךָ [Exod 7:1]; plural נְבִיאִים [Num 11:29] 82t.; נְנִאִים [Jer 27:18] [16]t.; suffix נְבִיאַי [Psa 105:15]; נְבִיָאו [1Kin 22:22]; נְבִיאָו֯ [2Kin 17:13], etc.; —
1 genuine prophet of נביא ׳י,, anciently called רֹאֶה, [1Sam 9:9] (antiquarian note); change probably occurred in times of Elijah and is first reflected in Ehpraimitic source literally as applied to Abraham [Gen 20:7]; Moses [Deut 34:10], M. and other early prophets. [Hosea 6:5]; [12:11] (twice in verse); [12:14] (twice in verse); [Amos 2:11-12], of prophets in ecstatic state [Num 12:6] (E), [11:24] (JE). So in Judaic literature, of prophet like Moses [Deut 18:15], [18] (D), of Aaron (as mouthpiece of Moses) [Exod 7:1] (P), of Samuel [1Sam 3:20], an unknown [Judg 6:8]; in time of Samuel prophets were organized in bands: נביאים חֶבֶל [1Sam 10:5], [10:10]; הנ ׳להקת [19:20]; and in time of Elijah were הַנְּבִיאִים בְּנֵי = members of prophets' guilds [1Kin 20:35]; [2Kin 2:3], [5], [7], [15]; [4:1], [38] (twice in verse); נָבִיא of Genuine prophets (besides phrases), in Judaic prophets, only Jeremiah, [Jer 1:5]; Ezekiel, [Ezek 2:5] = [33:33]; of ancient prophets [Jer 28:8-9], (3 t. in verse); [Zech 1:6]; [8:9]; especially הראשׁנים הנביאים [1:4]; [7:7], [12], compare עבדי(וׅ הנביאים my (his) servants the prophets [2Kin 9:7]; [17:13], [23]; [21:10]; [24:2] (all RD) [Ezra 9:11]; [Jer 7:25]; [25:4]; [26:5]; [29:19]; [35:15]; [44:4]; [Amos 3:7]; [Zech 1:6], compare [Ezek 38:17]; [Dan 9:6]; הַנּ ׳עבדוֺ his servant the prophet [1Kin 14:18]; [2Kin 14:25]; הַנָּבִיא with proper name: Jerome, [2Chr 36:12]; [Dan 9:2] 31t. Jeremiah (but ᵐ5 only 4 t., the rest probably redactional, see GieJer. xxvii); Elijah [1Kin 18:36] (om ᵐ5), [2Chr 21:12]; Malachi 3:23; Nathan [2Sam 7:2] [10]t. Samuel and Kings; 4 t. Chronicles; [Psa 51:2] (title); Isaiah, [2Kin 19:2]; [20:1], [14] = [Isa 37:2]; [38:1]; [39:1]; [2Kin 20:11]; [2Chr 26:22]; [32:20], [32]; Habakkuk [Hab 1:1]; [3:1] (titles); Haggai, [Hag 1:1], [3], [12]; [2:1], [10]; Zechariah, [Zech 1:1], [7] (titles); elsewhere several others in Samuel, Kings and Chronicles 15 t.; נביא is used elsewhere of Genuine prophecy only [1Sam 9:9] 34t. Samuel and Kings; [1Chr 16:22] = [Psa 105:15], + 13 t. Chronicles; [74:9] complains of absence of ׳נ; וְנָבִיא חָזוֺן לַחְתֹּם [Dan 9:24] see חתם
2 false prophets: prophets as official class, beside priests, character as false prophets: [Isa 28:7]; [Jer 2:26]; [4:9]; [6:13]; [8:1], [10]; [13:13]; [14:18]; [18:18]; [23:11], [33], [34]; [26:7-8], [11], [16]; [32:32]; [Zech 7:3], app. also [2Kin 23:2]; [Neh 9:32]; [Lam 2:20]; [Jer 29:1]; [Ezek 7:26] (in these not characterized); always false (except of ancient and special prophets given above) in [Amos 7:14]; [Hosea 4:5]; [9:7-8], [Micah 3:5-6], [11]; [Isa 3:2]; [9:14]; [29:10]; [Jer 2:8], [30]; [5:13], [31]; [14:13-14], [15] (twice in verse); [23:9] [16]t. [27:9], [14], [15], [16], [18]; [29:8], [15]; [37:19]; [Ezek 13:2] (twice in verse); [13:3-4], [9], [16]; [14:4], [7], [9] (twice in verse); [14:10]; [22:25], [28]; [Zeph 3:4]; [Lam 2:9], [14]; [4:13]; especially discredited [Deut 13:2]; [13:4]; [13:6]; [18:20] (twice in verse); [18:22] (twice in verse); [Zech 13:2], [4], [5]; such a prophet Hananiah called הַנָּבִיא [Jer 28:1], [5], [10], [12], [15], [17] ( ᵐ5 omits in all but [28:1], where ψευδοπροφήτης). Usage of prophets themselves gives such a bad flavour to נביא, that we are not surprised that it is absent from exilic Isaiah, the Wisdom Literature, and Psalms (except for special reasons in 3 Psalms given under 1).
3 heathen prophets [1Kin 18:20]; [19:1]; [2Kin 3:13] (twice in verse); האשׁדה נביאי [1Kin 18:19]; הבעל נביאי [18:19], [22], [25], [40]; [2Kin 10:19]; [1Kin 22:6], [10], [12], [13], [22], [23] [2Chr 18:5]; [18:9]; [18:11]; [18:12]; [18:21]; [18:22].
נָבִיא
原文音譯:aybin" naw-bee’
詞類次數:名詞(317)
原文字根:豫言;相當於G4396(προφήτης)
字義溯源:先知,得默示的人,說豫言的,老先知。出自(H5012(נָבָא)*=豫言)先知乃是被召出來,經常為神(或諸神)說話的人。在以色列人中,先知佔有重要的地位,他是授權為耶和華說話的,如摩西與亞倫([出7:1])先知有時對個人,有時對眾人說話。先知們蒙召的經歷是各有不同的。如摩西([出3:1-12])與耶利米([耶1:1-10])二人蒙召時,都是推辭的,但他們的推辭無濟於事。以賽亞一反其是([賽6:1-11]),卻熱心於工作說,我在這裏,請差遣我。每一個呼召都是特別的。每一個先知乃是受託付將耶和華的話,對特定的對象去說。那些話都是獨特的口氣:耶和華如此說。蒙召的人不一定都是先知的家族或後裔,如阿摩司,原不是先知,也不是先知的門徒(兒子);乃是牧人,修理桑樹的([摩7:14])先知說豫言,普通是因他的百姓對神有三方面的抵觸:1)百姓去拜偶像。2)百姓的行為缺乏憐憫心,而公然的欺壓貪弱者。3)百姓不熟悉指引他們正確生活的律例。從(賽1章;3:13-26;何4章;[彌6:1-8])可以概括的一窺其貌。這些諭論的目的不在於判罪,乃在於給百姓再一次機會去悔改,就如([賽1:16][,17])所說的:你們要洗濯,自潔,從我眼前除掉你們的惡行,要止住作惡,學習行善,尋求公平,解救受欺壓的,給孤兒伸冤,為寡婦辨屈。他們若繼續的違犯律例,要來的刑罰就要臨到他們,如([申28:15-68])所說的。其實,那些刑罰乃是管教,不是終局;因為藉著外邦列國的手刑罰之後,耶和華又宣告說:我要堅定與你所立的約,你就知道我是耶和華,好使你在我赦免你一切所行的時候,心裏追念,⋯這是耶和華說的([結16:62])並參讀耶利米書30及31章。先知也膏一些人作王。如先知撒母耳膏了掃羅([撒上10:1]),大衛([撒上16:13]);以利沙吩咐耶戶膏一個將軍([王下9:6])此外,先知也宣告誰要篡奪王位,如先知亞希雅宣告耶羅波安作以色列王([王上11:29])又如以利沙宣告哈薛必作亞蘭王([王下8:13])先知是受人尊敬的,一般都能被君王接受。但有些先知的生命是不安定的,如先知耶利米被西底家王下在監裏([耶37:15])亞哈王要殺害先知以利亞(王上18章),他的太太耶洗別更兇殘,殺害了許多先知([王上18:13])主耶穌曾指著文士和法利賽人說,你們自己證明是殺害先知者的子孫([太23:31])
出現次數:總共(316);創(1);出(1);民(2);申(10);士(1);撒上(12);撒下(3);王上(50);王下(33);代上(4);代下(26);拉(1);尼(5);詩(3);賽(7);耶(95);哀(4);結(17);但(4);何(8);摩(5);彌(3);哈(2);番(1);該(5);亞(12);瑪(1)
譯字彙編:
1)(那)先知(105)數量太多,不能盡錄;
2)先知(69)[創20:7];[申13:1];[申34:10];[士6:8];[撒上3:20];[撒上10:5];[撒上10:10];[撒下7:2];[王上1:23];[王上13:11];[王上13:18];[王上18:4];[王上18:19];[王上19:10];[王上19:16];[王上20:13];[王上22:6];[王上22:7];[王上22:22];[王上22:23];[王下5:8];[王下10:19];[王下17:13];[代上16:22];[代下18:5];[代下18:6];[代下18:21];[代下18:22];[代下20:20];[代下32:20];[代下36:16];[尼6:7];[尼9:26];[尼9:30];[尼9:32];[詩74:9];[賽9:15];[賽28:7];[賽29:10];[耶1:5];[耶2:26];[耶6:13];[耶8:10];[耶14:18];[耶18:18];[耶23:11];[耶23:21];[耶23:25];[耶23:26];[耶27:18];[耶29:8];[耶29:15];[耶32:32];[結2:5];[結7:26];[結22:25];[結38:17];[何4:5];[何9:8];[何12:13];[何12:13];[摩2:11];[摩2:12];[摩7:14];[摩7:14];[彌3:6];[彌3:11];[亞13:2];[亞13:5];
3)那些先知(30)[王上20:35];[王上20:41];[王下2:7];[王下4:1];[王下6:1];[王下9:7];[王下17:13];[王下23:2];[拉9:11];[耶14:13];[耶14:14];[耶14:15];[耶23:9];[耶23:15];[耶23:30];[耶23:31];[耶26:5];[耶26:7];[耶26:8];[耶26:11];[耶26:16];[耶27:14];[耶27:15];[摩3:7];[彌3:5];[亞1:4];[亞1:5];[亞7:7];[亞7:12];[亞13:4];
4)(那些)先知(28)[王上19:1];[王上22:10];[王上22:12];[王下2:3];[王下2:5];[王下2:15];[王下4:38];[王下4:38];[王下5:22];[王下9:1];[王下17:23];[代下18:9];[代下18:11];[尼6:14];[耶2:8];[耶4:9];[耶5:13];[耶8:1];[耶13:13];[耶14:15];[耶23:26];[耶28:8];[耶29:1];[耶35:15];[結13:3];[結13:9];[何6:5];[亞8:9];
5)那先知(13)[申18:22];[申18:22];[撒下24:11];[王上13:29];[王上20:22];[王上20:38];[王下5:13];[王下23:18];[代下12:5];[代下25:16];[結14:9];[結14:10];[該1:12];
6)的先知(8)[王上18:13];[王上18:19];[王上18:22];[王下3:11];[王下3:13];[耶23:15];[結13:2];[結13:16];
7)先知們(6)[撒上10:11];[王上18:4];[王上18:25];[王上18:40];[代下24:19];[耶37:19];
8)你們的先知(5)[民12:6];[耶2:30];[耶27:9];[耶27:16];[哀2:14];
9)(那)眾先知(4)[耶7:25];[但9:10];[何12:10];[何12:10];
10)和那先知(3)[王上1:34];[王上1:45];[代下15:8];
11)(那些)眾先知(3)[王上22:13];[王下21:10];[王下24:2];
12)和那些先知(2)[耶25:4];[耶29:19];
13)她的先知(2)[哀2:9];[番3:4];
14)一個先知(2)[代下25:15];[代下28:9];
15)(那些)先知們(2)[撒上19:20];[代下18:12];
16)的先知中(2)[耶23:13];[耶23:14];
17)和先知(2)[賽3:2];[哀2:20];
18)你的先知(2)[出7:1];[結13:4];
19)一位先知(2)[申18:15];[申18:18];
20)(那些)先知中(2)[撒上10:11];[撒上19:24];
21)這些先知(1)[耶23:16];
22)和那眾先知(1)[但9:6];
23)和預言(1)[但9:24];
24)(那)眾先知的(1)[亞1:6];
25)的那先知(1)[耶23:28];
26)她先知(1)[哀4:13];
27)其中的先知(1)[結22:28];
28)(那)先知的(1)[耶28:9];
29)一先知(1)[結33:33];
30)發預言的(1)[結13:2];
31)我的先知(1)[詩105:15];
32)那些先知們(1)[王上18:20];
33)先知的(1)[王上18:22];
34)的眾先知(1)[王上18:13];
35)(那老)先知(1)[王上13:20];
36)(那些)先知中麼(1)[撒上10:12];
37)那一個先知(1)[申18:20];
38)眾先知(1)[王上19:14];
39)並那先知(1)[代下29:25];
40)他先知(1)[代下29:25];
41)(那些)唱歌(1)[代上25:1];
42)的先知吧(1)[王下3:13];
43)都作先知(1)[民11:29];
44)就是這些先知(1)[耶5:31]