ἀφορμ-ή, ἡ,
I
1. starting-point, esp. in war, base of operations, ἀναχώρησίς τε καὶ ἀ. Th. 1.90, cf. Plb. 1.41.6, etc.; place of safety, E. Med. 342.
2. generally, starting-point, origin, occasion or pretext, ἀφορμαὶ λόγων Id. Hec. 1239, Ph. 199; ἀφορμὴν παρέχειν D. 18.156; δεδωκέναι Id. 21.98, cf. [2Co 5:12]; λαβεῖν ἀ. Isoc. 4.61, [Rom 7:8]; εὑρεῖν BGU 615.6 (ii A. D.), 923.22 (i/ii A. D.); ἵνα ἀ. γένοιτο τιμῆς Inscr.Prien. 105.16 (i B. C.); ἀ. καὶ πρόφασις Plb. 2.52.3; occasion, origin of an illness, Hp. Epid. 2.1.11, Sor. 1.29; εἰδέ τις οἴεται μικρὰν ἀ. εἶναι σιτηρέσιον τοῖς στρατευομένοις ὑπάρχειν a small inducement, D. 4.29; τὸ γὰρ εὖ πράττειν παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν ἀ. τοῦ κακὼς φρονεῖν Id. 1.23; instigation, incitement, POxy. 237 vii 21 (ii A. D.).
3. means with which one begins a thing, resources, ἀ. τοῦ βίου Lys. 24.24; εἰς τὸν βίον X. Mem. 3.12.4; τίνας εἶχεν ἀφορμὰς ἡ πόλις; D. 18.233; ἀφελεῖν τὴν ἀ. δι’ ἣν ὑβρίζει Id. 21.98; πίστις ἀ. μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν good faith is the best asset for business, Id. 36.44, cf. 11.16; ἀ. ἐπί.. Id. 3.33; esp. means of war, And. 1.109; ἀ. εἰς ξένους χιλίους means for levying 1000 mercenaries, X. HG 4.8.33; ἀ. ἔργων means for undertaking.., Id. Mem. 2.7.11, cf. 3.5.11; πρὸς ἀφορμὴν ἐμπορίας ἢ γεωργίας Arist. Pol. 1320a39; πάντων ἀ. τῶν καλῶν Philem. 110.
4. capital of a banker, etc., Lys. Fr. 1.2, X. Mem. 2.7.12, Lycurg. 26, D. 14.30, 36.11; ἀφορμῆς δίκη suit for restitution of capital, Arg. D. 36.
5. Rhet., food for argument, material, subject, ὑποθέσεις καὶ ἀφορμαὶ λόγων Luc. Rh. Pr, cf. Men.Rh. p.334S., Aps. p.264H.
6. aptitude, inclination, εἰς φιλανθρωπίαν Phld. Ir. p.53 W. (pl.).
II Stoic term for repulsion (opp. ὁρμή), Chrysipp.Stoic. 3.42, cf. 40, Simp. in Epict. p.22D.
III release of water from sluice, PAmh. 2.143.17 (iv A. D.).
G874 — ἀφορμή
ἀφορμῆς, ἡ (ἀπό and ὁρμή which see);
1. properly, a place from which a movement or attack is made, a base of operations: Thucydides 1, 90 (τήν Πελοποννησον πᾶσιν ἀναχωρησιν τέ καί ἀφορμήν ἱκανήν εἶναι); Polybius 1, 41, 6.
2. metaphorically, "that by which endeavor is excited and from which it goes forth; that which gives occasion and supplies matter for an undertaking, the incentive; the resources we avail ourselves of in attempting or performing anything": Xenophon, mem. 3, 12, 4 (τοῖς ἑαυτῶν παισί καλλιους ἀφορμας εἰς τόν βίον καταλειπουσι), and often in Greek writings; λαμβάνειν, to take occasion, find an incentive, [Rom 7:8], [Rom 7:11] διδόναι, [2Co 5:12]; [1Ti 5:14] (3Macc. 3:2; both phrases often also in Greek writings); [2Co 11:12]; [Gal 5:13]. On the meanings of this word see Viger. edition Herm., p. 81f; Phryn. ed. Lob., p. 223f; (Rutherford, New Phryn., p. 304).
ἀφ - ορμή , - ῆς , ἡ ,
[in LXX : [Eze 5:7] (H1995), [Pro 9:9], 3M[a 3:2] * ;]
prop ., a starting point; in war, a base of operations; metaph ., an occasion, incentive, opportunity ( MM , s.v. ): [2Co 11:12], [Gal 5:13]; ἀφ . λαμβάνειν , [Luk 11:24], WH , mg ., [Rom 7:8]; [Rom 7:11]; ἀφ . διδόναι , [2Co 5:12], [1Ti 5:14]. *