ἀναγκ-αῖος, α, ον,
in Att. also ος, ον Th. 1.2, Pl. R. 554a, etc.: of, with, or by force:
I Act.,
1. constraining, applying force, μῦθος ἀ. a word of force, Od. 17.399; χρειὼ ἀ. urgent necessity, Il. 8.57; ἦμαρ ἀ. day of constraint, i.e. life of slavery, 16.836; ἀ. τύχη a doom imposed by fate, or fateful chance, S. Aj. 485, cf. 803 (but, fatal chance, Id. El. 48); πᾶν γὰρ ἀ. χρῆμ’ ἀνιηρὸν ἔφυ Thgn. 472, cf. 297, E. Or. 230; τῆς ἀρχῆς τῷ ἀ. παροξυνομένους by the compulsory nature of our rule, Th. 5.99; δεσμὸς ἀ. Theoc. 24.33; ἐξ ἀναγκαίου under stress of circumstances, Th. 7.60.
2. forcible, cogent, πειθώ Pl. Sph. 265d; ἀποδείξεις Ti. 40e; διαλλακτὰς πολὺ τῶν ἐμῶν λόγων ἀναγκαιοτέρους Th. 4.60; τὰ-ότερα τῶν ἀντιγράφων the more authoritative copies, Sch. S. OC 390.
II Pass.,
1. constrained, forced, twice in Od., πολεμισταὶ ἀ. soldiers perforce, Od. 24.499; so δμῶες ἀ. ib. 210 (where however Eust. expl. it χρειώδεις trusty, serviceable, v. infr. 6).
2. necessary (physically or morally), οὐκ ἀ. unnecessary (on its diff. senses in philosophy v. Arist. Metaph. 1015a20 ff.), ἀ. [ἐστί ] it is necessary to.., S. Ph. 1317, etc.; γίνεταί μοι ἀναγκαιότ ατον, c. inf., Hdt. 3.65; ἀ. κακόν a necessary evil, Men. 651, cf. Hybreasap. Str. 14.2.24: also c. inf., ἔνιαι τῶν ἀποκρίσεων ἀναγκαῖαι διὰ μακρῶν τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι Pl. Grg. 449b; ὁδὸν ἀναγκαιοτάτην εἶναι τρέπεσθαι Sph. 242b; [ μαθήματα] ἀναγκαῖα προμεμαθηκέναι necessary for us to have learnt them before, Lg. 643c.
3. τὰ ἀ. necessaries of life, Antipho 4.1.2, Pl. Lg. 848a; τὰ ἀ. τοῦ βίου Isoc. 4.40; ἀ. τροφή Th. 1.2. τὰ ἀ. things necessary to be done, X. Mem. 1.1.6; τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ ἀ. the appointed order of things, HG 1.7.33; θεῶν ἀναγκαῖον τόδε E. Hec. 584 codd.: τὸ ἀ., = cross ἀνάγκη, Arist. Ph. 200a31.
4. indispensable, i. e. a bare minimum, freq. in Sup., τὸ ἀναγκαιότατον ὕψος the least height that was absolutely necessary, Th. 1.90; ἡ ἀναγκαιοτάτη πόλις the least that could be called a city, Pl. R. 369d; ἐκ τεττάρων ἀναγκαιοτάτων συγκεῖσθαι πόλιν Arist. Pol. 1291a12; αὐτὰ τἀναγκαιότατ’ εἰπεῖν give a bare outline of the facts, D. 18.126, cf. 168; ἡ ἀ. συγγένεια the most distant degree of kinship recognized by law, 44.26: less freq. in Posit., οὐδὲ τἀναγκαῖα ἐξικέσθαι Th. 1.70: hence, scanty, makeshift, παρασκευή 6.37.
5. of persons, connected by necessary or natural ties, i. e. related by blood, Antipho 1.4, Pl. R. 574b; ἀ. δόμοις E. Alc. 533; οἱ ἀ. kinsfolk, X. An. 2.4.1; ἀ. φίλοι E. Andr. 671; συγγενεῖς καὶ ἀ. ἄνθρωποι D. 19.290; τοὺς συγγενεῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀ. φίλους [Act 10:24], cf. PFlor. 2.142.2 (iii A. D.).
6. Astrol., efficacious, Vett.Val. 63.1 (Comp.): ἀ. γραμμή line of fate, Cat.Cod.Astr. 7.238.
7. costly, ὄξος POxy. 1870 (v A. D.); ἐσθής Suid. s.v. cross βεστιάριον.
III Adv. -
1. ως of necessity, perforce, ἀ. ἔχει it must be so, Hdt. 1.89, A. Ch. 239, S. Tr. 723, Pl. Phd. 91e, etc.; ἀ. ἔχει μοι ποιέειν ταῦτα Hdt. 8.140. ά, al.; ἀ. φέρειν, opp. ἀνδρείως, Th. 2.64; as best might be, Pl. Ti. 69d.
2. γελοίως καὶ ἀ. λέγειν in a narrow sense (cf. 11.4, but prob. with play on 111.1), Id. R. 527a; πτωχῶς μέν, ἀλλ’ ἀ. Babr. 55.2: - Sup. ἀναγκαιότατα, λέγεις Pl. Phlb. 40c.
3. strictly, κελεύειν OGI 669.41 (i A. D.). οἱ ἀ. τόποι privy parts, Vett.Val. 113.9. ἀναγκαῖον, τό, v. sub v.
** ἀναγκαῖος , - αῖα , - αῖον
( < ἀνάγκη ),
[in LXX : [Ezr 8:13], Wis 16:3 , Sir prol .22, 2Ma 4:23 ; 2Ma 9:21 , 4M[a 1:2] * ;]
1. necessary: [Act 13:46], 1Co 12:22 , [2Co 9:5], [Php 2:25], [Tit 3:14], [Heb 8:3]; comp. - αιότερον , [Php 1:24].
2. Of persons connected by bonds of nature or friendship, near, intimate ( Field, Notes , 118; ΜΜ , VGT , s.v. ): ἀ . φίλοι , [Act 10:24]. †