κἄν

(not κᾄν), by crasis,

I

I for καὶ ἄν.., v.l. in Hes. Op. 357, freq. in Att.: not often when καί is simply copul., Pl. Phd. 79a, Grg. 514d; but freq. when καί is intens., ὅ γε κ. μέγα δοίη even a great thing, Hes. l.c.; κακὸν δὲ κ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ γνοίης μιᾷ S. OT 615, cf. 591, Aj. 45, Ar. Nu. 1130, Th. 7.61, etc.; sts. repeated after or before a Verb with ἄν, ἐπεὶ κ. σὺ.., εἴ τίς σε διδάξειεν.., βελτίων ἂν γένοιο Pl. Prt. 318b, cf. R. 515e; freq. in the phrase κ. εἰ, where καί properly belongs to εἰ, even if, and ἄν to the Verb that follows in apodosi, νῦν δέ μοι δοκεῖ, κ. ἀσέβειαν εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, τὰ προσήκοντα ποιεῖν (for καὶ εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, ποιεῖν ἄν) D. 21.51: hence,

2. even when the Verb in apodosi was of a tense that could not be joined with ἄν, κ. εἰ πολλαὶ [ αἱ ἀρεταί ].. εἰσιν, ἕν γέ τι εἶδος ταὐτὸν ἅπασαι ἔχουσι Pl. Men. 72c; κ. εἰ μή τῳ δοκεῖ Id. R. 473a, 579d, cf. 408b, Phd. 71b, Sph. 247e, Arist. Top. 136a31, al.

3. in later Gr. without εἰ, simply as a stronger form of καί, even, εἴσελθε κ. νῦν Men. 342; κ. νεκρῷ Χάρισαι τὰ σὰ Χείλεα Theoc. 23.41, cf. 35 (v.l.) (and so with εἷς, μία, ἕν, κ. μίαν ἡμέραν δόντες αὐτοῖς v.l. in X. HG 1.7.19; εἰ κ. ἕν τι φαίνοιτο S.E. P. 2.195, cf. Ph. 2.29); ἐὰν ἅψωμαι κ. τῶν ἱματίων Mar 5:28; κ. νῦν now at any rate, POxy. 2151.7 (iii A.D.); κἂν ὧς even so, nevertheless, ib.123.7 (iii/iv A.D.); οἷς οὐδὲ κ. ὄνος ὑπῆρξε πώποτε Luc. Tim. 20 codd., cf. DDeor. 5.2, etc.

II

1. for καὶ ἄν (ἐάν), even if, with the same moods as ἐάν, S. Aj. 15, Pl. Prt. 319c, etc.: freq. used ellipt., ἄνδρα Χρὴ δοκεῖν πεσεῖν ἂν κ. (sc. πέσῃ) ἀπὸ σμικροῦ κακοῦ S. Aj. 1078, cf. Ar. V. 92, Ach. 1021, and so prob. in S. El. 1483: later folld. by ind., κἂν γὰρ οὕτω φαμέν A.D. Synt. 70.22.

2. κἄν.., κἄν.., whether.., or.., κἂν μεγάλην πόλιν οἰκῶσι κἂν μικράν D. 25.15.

κἄν kan 17x

    crasis, and if, Mar 16:18; also if, Mat 21:21; even if, if even, although, Joh 10:38; if so much as, Heb 12:20; also in NT simply equivalent to καί, as a particle of emphasis, by a pleonasm of ἄν, at least, at all events, Mar 6:56; Act 5:15; 2Co 11:16

G2579 — κἄν

(Griesbach κἄν; see κἀγώ, at the beginning), by crusts for καί ἐάν (cf. Winers Grammar, § 5, 3; Buttmann, p. 10; Tdf Proleg., p. 97; WH's Appendix, p. 145{b}); hence joined with the subjunctive;

1. and if: Mat 10:23 G L; Mar 16:18; (Luk 12:38 (bis) T Tr text WH; Joh 8:55 L T Tr WH; 1Co 13:2{a} L WH, 2^b Tr text WH, 3^a L Tr WH, 3^b L WH); Jam 5:15; by aposiopesis with the suppression of the apodosis, κἄν μέν ποιήσῃ καρπόν, namely, εὖ ἔχει it is well (or some such phrase), Luk 13:9; cf. Winers Grammar, 600 (558); (Buttmann, § 151, 26).

2. also or even if;

a. if only, at least, in abridged discourse: κἄν τόν ἱματίων αὐτοῦ, namely, ἅψωμαι, Mar 5:28; also ἵνα (namely, ἅψωνται αὐτοῦ) κἄν τοῦ κρασπέδου... ἅψωνται, Mar 6:56: ἵνα ἐρχομένου Πέτρου (namely, τί αὐτοῦ ἐπισκιάσῃ αὐτῶν) κἄν ἡ σκιά etc. Act 5:15; κἄν ὡς ἄφρονα namely, δεξησθε με, 2Co 11:16; (Wis. 14:4 Wis. 15:2). Cf. Buttmann, § 149, 6; (Winers Grammar, 584 (543); Green, Gram. of the N. T., p. 230; Klotz ad Devar. ii. 1, p. 139f; Liddell and Scott, under the word; Sophocles Lexicon, under the word).

b. even if: Mat 21:21; Mat 26:35; Joh 8:14; Joh 10:38; (Joh 11:25); Heb 12:20.

κἄν ,

by crasis for καὶ ἄν ( = ἐάν ; WH , App ., 145b; Thayer , s.v. ), c . subjunc.,

1. and if: Mar 16:18 Luk 12:38, Joh 8:55, 1Co 13:2-3, Jas 5:15; c . ellips., Luk 13:9.

2. Concessive, even if: Mat 21:21; Mat 26:35, Joh 8:14; Joh 10:38; Joh 11:25, Heb 12:20.

3. As intensive of simple καί ( M , Pr., 167; WM , 730; Jannaris , Gr ., 598), even, at least: Mar 5:28; Mar 6:56, Act 5:15, 2Co 11:16. †

詞類次數：連詞（13）

原文字根：與-（若）-曾經

字義溯源：而若是，且若，並若，若，縱使，縱然，雖然，或是，就是，或者，只要，也要，連，甚，只；由（G2532（καί）*=與）與（G1437（ἐάν / ἐάνπερ）=如果）組成；而G1437（ἐάν / ἐάνπερ）又由（G1487（εἰ）*=若）與（G302（ἄν）*=假若）組成

出現次數：總共（18）；太（2）；可（3）；路（3）；約（4）；徒（1）；林前（2）；林後（1）；來（1）；雅（1）

譯字彙編：

1）若（3）路13:9；約8:55；雅5:15；

2）或是（2）路12:38；路12:38；

3）雖然（2）約8:14；約11:25；

4）且若（1）林前13:2；

5）並若（1）林前13:3；

6）也要（1）林後11:16；

7）就是連（1）來12:20；

8）或者（1）徒5:15；

9）縱然（1）約10:38；

10）而若（1）可16:18；

11）只（1）可5:28；

12）甚（1）太21:21；

13）就是（1）太26:35；

14）只要（1）可6:56