ἰδῐώτ-ης, ου, ὁ,
(ἴδιος)
I
1. private person, individual, opp. the State, ξυμφέροντα καὶ πόλεσι καὶ ἰδιώταις Th. 1.124, cf. 3.10, SIG 37.3 (Teos, v B.C.), Pl. Smp. 185b, X. Vect. 4.18, etc.; opp. γένος, SIG 1013.6 (Chios, iv B.C.); opp. φατρία, ib.987.28 (ibid., iv B.C.).
II
1. one in a private station, opp. to one holding public office, or taking part in public affairs, Hdt. 1.59, 123, al., cf. Decr. ap. And. 1.84, Th. 4.2, etc.; opp. βασιλεύς, Hdt. 7.3; opp. ἄρχων, Lys. 5.3, Pl. Plt. 259b, SIG 305.71 (iv B.C.); opp. δικαστής, Antipho 6.24; opp. πολιτευόμενος, D. 10.70; opp. ῥήτωρ, Hyp. Eux. 27; private soldier, opp. στρατηγός, X. An. 1.3.11, cf. PHib. 1.30.21 (iii B.C.); layman, opp. priest, OGI 90.52 (Rosetta, ii B.C.), PGnom. 200 (ii A.D.), [1Co 14:16]: as Adj., ἰ. ἄνδρες Hdt. 1.32, 70, Th. 1.115; ἰ. θεοί homely (with play on ἴδιος), Ar. Ra. 891.
2. common man, plebeian, οἱ ἰ. καὶ πένητες Plu. Thes. 24; ἰ. καὶ εὐτελής, opp. βασιλεύς, Hdn. 4.10.2.
3. as Adj., ἰ. βίος private station, Pl. R. 578c; ἰ. λόγος everyday speech, D.H. Dem. 2, cf. Longin. 31.2.
III
1. one who has no professional knowledge, layman, καὶ ἰατρὸς καὶ ἰ. Th. 2.48, cf. Hp. VM 4, Pl. Tht. 178c, Lg. 933d; ἰ. ἤ τινα τέχνην ἔχων Id. Sph. 221c; of prose-writers, ἐν μέτρῳ ὡς ποιητής, ἢ ἄνευ μέτρου ὡς ἰ. Id. Phdr. 258d, cf. Smp. 178b; ἰ. καὶ μηδὲν αὐλήσεως ἐπαΐων Id. Prt. 327c; opp. to a professed orator, Isoc. 4.11; to a trained soldier, X. Eq.Mag. 8.1; ἰδιώτας, ὡς εἰπεῖν, χειροτέχναις (-νας codd.) ἀνταγωνισαμένους Th. 6.72; opp. ἀσκητής, X. Mem. 3.7.7, cf. 12.1; opp. ἀθλητής, Arist. EN 1116b13; opp. a professed philosopher, Id. Pol. 1266a31, Phld. Lib. p.5 [*] O., D. 1.25; in Music, Id. Mus. p.42 K.; opp. δημιουργός, Pl. Prt. 312a, Thg. 124c: as Adj., ὁ ἰ. ὄχλος, opp. artificers, Plu. Per. 12.
2. c. gen. rei, unpractised, unskilled in a thing, ἰατρικῆς Pl. Prt. 345a, cf. Ti. 20a; ἔργου X. Oec. 3.9; ἰ. κατὰ τοὺς πόνους, κατὰ τὸν ὕπνον, Id. Cyr. 1.5.11; ἰ. τὰ ἄλλα Hdn. 4.12.1; ἰ. ὡς πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀγωνίζεσθαι X. Cyr. l.c., cf. Luc. Herm. 81.
3. generally, raw hand, ignoramus, ἄν τε δεινοὶ λάχωσιν ἄν τε ἰδιῶται.. D. 4.35; παιδάρια καὶ ἰ., of slaves, S.E. M. 1.234 (cf. ἰ. οἰκέται Luc. Alex. 30); ἀμαθὴς καὶ ἰ., opp. τεχνίτης, Id. Ind. 29; voc. ἰδιῶτα, as a term of abuse, Men. Sam. 71.
4. ’ average man ’, opp. a person of distinction, Plu. 2.1104a. ἰδιῶται, οἱ, one’s own countrymen, opp. ξένοι, Ar. Ra. 459.
G2399 — ἰδιώτης
ἰδιώτου, ὁ (ἴδιος), very common in Greek writings from Herodotus down; properly, a private person, opposed to a magistrate, ruler, king; but the noun has many other meanings also, each one of which is understood from its antithesis, as e. g. a common soldier, as opposed to a military officer; a writer of prose, as opposed to a poet. In the N. T. an unlearned, illiterate, man, opposed to the learned, the educated: [Act 4:13]; as often in classical Greek, unskilled in any art: in eloquence (Isocrates, p. 43 a.), with the dative of respect, τῷ λόγῳ, [2Co 11:6] (A. V. rude in speech); a Christian who is not a prophet, [1Co 14:24]; "destitute of the 'gift of tongues,'" [1Co 14:16], [1Co 14:23]. (Cf. Trench, § lxxix.)
ἰδιώτης , - ου , ὁ
( < ἴδιος ),
[in LXX : [Pro 6:8] (no Heb .) * ;]
1 . a pri-vate person, as opp . to the State or an official ( βασιλεῖς κ . ἰδιῶται , Pr, l.c .; and cf. MM , Exp., xv).
2. one without professional knowledge, un-skilled, uneducated, unlearned: 1Co 14:16 ; [1Co 14:23-24] ( R , mg ., without gifts); ἀγράμματοι κ . ἰ ., [Act 4:13]; c . dat . ( = cl . c . gen . rei ), λόγῳ , [2Co 11:6]. †