H4984. mithnasse
נָשָׂא verb lift, carry, take (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenician נשא id. Lzb326; Assyrian našû, id. DlHWB 484; Biblical Aramaic נְשָׂא (rare); Syriac in scales; Palmyrene נשא נסא,
proper name Lzb326 Cook81, 83 (compare נשׁא forget); Arabic intransitive rise, be high, etc.; Sabean in proper name, e.g. CISiv. 5. 1; also נשא verb HalRev. Semitic iv (1896), 69 Minaean נשא take, HomSüdar. Chrest. 128; Ethiopic suscipere, tollere Di635, so Old Ethiopic, DHMEpigr.Denkm.aus Abess.(1894),52); —
Qal599 Perfect ׳נ [Gen 13:6] +; 2 masculine singular נָשָׂאתָ [1Kin 2:26] +, נֶשָׂאתָה [Num 14:19], suffix נְשָׂאתַ֫נִי [Psa 102:11]; [2]feminine singular suffix נְשָֹׂאתִים [Ezek 16:58]; [3]plural נָָֽשְׂאוּ [2Sam 18:28] +, נָשׂוּא [Psa 139:20], וְנָשׂוּ consecutive [Ezek 39:26], suffix נְשָׂאוּם[2Chr 12:11], etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִשָּׂא [Gen 32:21] +, וַיִּשָּׂא [13:10] +, suffix יִשָּׂאֵהוּ [Deut 32:11]+; 3masculine plural יִשְׂאוּ [Hosea 4:8] +, יִשָּׂ֑אוּ [Hab 2:6] +, וַיִּשְׂאוּ [Judg 2:4] +; suffix יִשָּׂאֻנוּ [Isa 64:5]; [3]feminine plural תִּשֶּׂ֫נָה [Jer 9:17], וַתִּשֶּׂ֫אנָה [Ruth 1:9], וַתִּשֶּׂ֫נָה [Zech 5:9]; [Ruth 1:14]; [2]feminine plural תִּשֶּׂ֫אינָה [Ezek 23:49], etc.; Imperative masculine singular שָׂא [Gen 13:14] +, נְשָׂא [Psa 10:12], נְסָה [4:7]; suffix שָׂאֵהוּ [Num 11:12]; [2Kin 4:19]; feminine singular שְׂאִי [Gen 21:18] +, etc.; Infinitive absolute נָשׂוֺא [Jer 10:5], נָשׂא [Hosea 1:6] [2]t.; construct נְשׂא [Isa 1:14] [2]t., שׂוֺא [Psa 89:10], (read perhaps שְׁאוֺן roar Ri Bi Che, compare Hi שׁוֺא), usually שְׂאֵת [Gen 4:7] +; suffix נָשְׂאִי [Psa 28:2], שְׂאֵתִי [Jer 15:15]; [Psa 89:51], etc.; Aramaizing Infinitive לְמַשְׂאוֺת [Ezek 17:9] (si vera lectio; Co Berthol שְׂאֵת לְיוֺם); Participle active נשֵֹׁא [Exod 34:7] +, feminine נשְֹׁאֵת [1Kin 10:22], נשֵֹׁאת [Est 2:15], etc.; passive construct נְשׂוּא [Isa 3:3] +, נְשׂוּי [Psa 32:1], etc.; —
1 lift, lift up:
a. literally, with accusative of person or thing; the food lifts ark [Gen 7:17] (J), ׳י lifts standard (נֵס) [Isa 5:26]; [11:12] + (often followed by ל person), rod [10:26], with עַל against [10:24], ׳נ אֶלֿ חֶרֶב [Micah 4:3] = [Isa 2:4], etc.; — especially lift in order to hold, carry away, etc. [Gen 21:18] (E), [Judg 9:48]; [Amos 6:10]; [2Sam 2:32]; [4:4]; [1Kin 13:29]; [2Kin 9:25-26], [Ezek 3:12], [14]; [8:3]; [11:24] +; lift up wings to fly [10:16], [19]; [11:22]; ׳נ וַיֵּלֶךְ רַגְלָיו [Gen 29:1] he lifted up his feet and went; lift up, upon (על) [31:17]; [42:26] (both E), figurative [Job 31:36]; ׳נ בְּמאֹזְנַיִם [6:2] put a thing into scale; ׳נ אָלָה בוֺ put on him (require of him) an oath [1Kin 8:31] [2Chr 6:22], so van d. H., ᵐ5; correct נָשָׁא ᵑ0 (Baer Ginsb), but sense hardly possible; בְשִׁנָּ֑י בְשָׂרִי אֶשָּׂא [Job 13:14] I will take up my flesh in my teeth (figurative for hazarding life).
b. in many phrases, literal and figurative, e.g.: (1) lift up hand; against (ב) [2Sam 18:28]; [20:21], with לְ [Psa 106:26]; אֶלֿ (as signal) [Isa 49:22]; absolute, in display of power [Psa 10:12]; frequently in oath (especially Ezekiel, P; of ׳י usually followed by infinitive, often + ל person) [Exod 6:8]; [Num 14:30] (both P), [Ezek 20:5] (twice in verse); [20:6], [15], [23], [28], [42]; [36:7]; [44:12]; [47:14]; [Neh 9:15], + אֶלשָֿׁמַיִם [Deut 32:40] lift hand to heaven; in prayer (with אֶלֿ) [Psa 28:2]; [Lam 2:19], so (בְּשִׁמְךָ) [Psa 63:5], absolute [134:2], and, remarkably, אֶלמִֿצְוֺתֶיךָ [119:48]; also figurative of the deep (תְּהוֺם) [Hab 3:10]; in blessing [Lev 9:22] (P; with אֶל). (2) lift up one's head = shew boldness, independence [Judg 8:28]; [Zech 2:4]; [Job 10:15]; [Psa 83:3]; of another = restore to honour [Gen 40:13], [20] (E), but lift thy head from off thee (מֵעָלֶיךָ), [40:19], by word-play; — + כֶּלֶא מִבֵּית [2Kin 25:27] = [Jer 52:31]; figurative of gates, lift up your heads [Psa 24:7]; [24:9]. (3) lift up one's face, countenance (מָּנִים), literal, [2Kin 9:32] (אֶלֿ); sign of good conscience [2Sam 2:22] (אֶלֿ), absolute [Job 11:15]; of ׳י, sign of favour, ׳נ אֶלֿ מָּנֶיךָ [Num 6:26] (P; form of benediction); compare עַלֿ מָּנֶיךָ ׳נ אוֺר [Psa 4:7]; especially lift up face of another (originally probably of one prostrate in humility; opposed to מָּנִים הֵשִׁיב repel), in various shades of meaning: = grant a request [Gen 19:21] (J; + הַזֶּה לַדָּבָר), [1Sam 25:35]; [Job 42:8-9], = be gracious to, [Gen 32:21] (E), [Mal 1:8-9], hence phrase פָנִים נְשׂוּא graciously received, held in honour [2Kin 5:1] (of Naaman), and, as substantive, honourable, eminent one [Isa 3:3]; [9:14] (but strike out as gloss), [Job 22:8] ; = shew consideration for [Deut 28:50]; [Lam 4:16]; also in bad sense = be unduly influenced by [Job 32:21], and, specifically, = shew partiality (towards) [Deut 10:17] (denied of ׳י), [Lev 19:15] (H), [Mal 2:9] (בַּתּוֺרָה), [Job 13:8], [10]; [34:19]; [Prov 18:5]; [Psa 82:2] (synonym פ ׳הִכִּיר); even ׳נ כָלכֹּֿפֶר מְּנֵי [Prov 6:35] i.e. regard any bribe. (4) lift up eyes, on high [2Kin 19:22] = [Isa 37:23], compare [Psa 121:1] (אֶלֿ); לַשָּׁמַיִם [Isa 51:6] (|| אֶלֿ הִבִּיט); followed by ה locative [Deut 3:27]; [4:19] compare [Ezek 8:5] (twice in verse); toward (אֶלֿ) idols [18:6], [12], [15]; [33:25], compare [23:27]; toward ׳י (אֶלֿׅ [Psa 123:1] (these with implied worship); ׳נ אֶלֿ עֵינֶיהָ [Gen 39:7] i.e. she gazed at him with desire; usually + verb of seeing (35 t.) [13:10], [14]; [18:2] + (Hexateuch only J E), [Isa 40:26] (+ מָרוֺם), [49:18]; [60:4] (both + סָבִיב), [Jer 3:2] (+ עַלֿ). (5) lift up voice (קוֺל), give (loud) utterance [Isa 52:8], of floods [Psa 93:3], + and weep [Gen 21:16] (E) [27:38]; [29:11] (both J), [Judg 2:4], + וַיִּבִכוּ אֶתקֿוֺלָם וַיִּתְּנוּ וַתִּשָּׂא [Num 14:1] (P), + 9 t.; + יָרֹ֫נוּ [Isa 24:14]; + קָרָא [Judg 9:7]; קוֺל omitted [Isa 3:7]; [42:2], [42:11] (|| יָרֹ֫נוּ); also (6) lift up (+ verb of saying, usually אָמַר), often of formal and solemn utterance, ׳נ מָשָׁל [Num 23:7], [18]; [24:3], [15], [20], [21], [23]; [Job 27:1]; [29:1] + עַל [Micah 2:4]; [Hab 2:6]; [Isa 14:4]; אָלָה ונשׂאבֿוֺ [1Kin 8:31] and he shall lift up against him an oath = [2Chr 6:22] (וְנָשָׁא ᵑ0 see Baer Ginsb, but sense difficult; read rather וְנָשָׂא); ׳י ׳נ הַזֶּה הַמַּשָּׂא עָלָיו [2Kin 9:25]; ׳נ קִינָה, + עַלֿ [Jer 7:29]; [Ezek 26:17]; [27:2]; [28:12]; [32:2], + אֶלֿ [19:1]; [27:32]; lift up word [Amos 5:1] (על, + קִינָה); weeping [Jer 9:9] (עַלֿ); lamentation (נְהִי) [9:17] (עַלֿ), reproach [Psa 15:3] (עַלֿ). (7) lift up, take up = utter: name of לַשָּׁוְא ׳י, [Exod 20:7] (twice in verse) = [Deut 5:11] (twice in verse) (Decalogue); compare [Psa 139:20] (read probably שְׁמֶ֑ךָ Bö Ol Che Kau); עַלשְֿׂפָתָ֑י שְׁמוֺתָם בַּלאֶֿשָּׂא [16:4]; ׳נ עֲלֵיפִֿיךָ בְּרִיתִי [50:16]; probably also ׳נ שָׁוְא שֵׁמַע [Exod 23:1] (E). (8) lift up prayer in behalf of (בְּעַד) [2Kin 19:4] = [Isa 37:4]; [Jer 7:16]; [11:14]. (9) lift up soul (נֶפֶשׁ), i.e. direct the desire (נֶפֶשׁ
1d) towards (אל) a thing, [Deut 24:15]; [Prov 19:18], אֶלעָֿוֺן [Hosea 4:8], לַשָּׁוְא [Psa 24:4] (compare
Pi`el and II. מַשָּׂא
2); ׳אֶליֿ [Psa 25:1]; [86:4]; [143:8], so the heart [Lam 3:41]. (10) take up (incur) sin, iniquity, (only H P) [Exod 28:43]; [Num 18:22], with עַל for [Lev 19:17]; [22:9]; [Num 18:32] (compare also
2b). (11) of heart lifting one up, (inciting), [Exod 35:21], [26]; [36:2] (all P); of presumption [2Kin 14:10] [2Chr 25:19]. — ᵑ0 apparently requires intransitive or reflexive meaning, lift oneself up, in following, text dubious in all: [Hosea 13:1] read perhaps נָשִׂיא Oort We compare Now; [Nahum 1:5] Now (after Bi) וַתֵּשָׁא (read וַתֵּ֫שֶׁא? √ שׁאה); [Psa 89:10] read שְׁאוֺן Bi Ri Che; [Hab 1:3] יִשָּׂא queried by We Gr Buhl and others, compare GunkSch-pfung 33.
2 Bear, carry:
a. literally, a load or burden (usually accusative) [Gen 37:25]; [44:1] (both J), [45:23] (twice in verse) (E), [1Sam 10:3] (3 t. in verse); [Jer 10:5]; [17:21], [27] + very often; כֵלִים נֹשֵׂא armour-bearer [Judg 9:54]; [1Sam 14:1] + often Samuel; bearing weapons [1Chr 5:18]; [12:24]; [2Chr 14:7] (twice in verse); [Lam 3:27] (עֹל׳נ figurative), [Isa 1:14] (figurative, compare
d below); a load of care, responsibility [Deut 1:9], [12]; share a burden with ׳נ אֶתֿ [Exod 18:22] (E; no accusative); with מִשְׁכָּבִי בְשִׁיחִי יִשָּׂא ׳ב, [Job 7:13] my bed shall carry at (help carry) my grief, [Num 11:17]; take up and carry (idolatrous images) [Amos 5:26]; [Isa 46:7]; bear ephod, [1Sam 2:28]; [14:3] + [14:18] (ᵐ5.), [22:18] (see Dr in HastingsDict. 726); in triumph [Isa 8:4].
b. especially bear guilt, or punishment [Gen 4:13] (J, עֲוֺנִי), often Ezekiel HP: ׳נ עָוֺן [Lev 5:1], [17]; [7:18]; [Num 5:31]; [14:34], compare [15:31] (all P), [Lev 17:16]; [19:8]; [20:17], [19] (H) [Ezek 14:10]; [44:12] (compare
Hiph`il [Lev 22:16]); ׳נ חֵטְא [20:20]; [24:15] (H) [Num 9:13] (P), compare [Ezek 23:49]; compare ׳נ כְּלִמָּה [16:52] (twice in verse), ׳נ עֹנֶשׁ [Prov 19:19], ׳נ absolute [9:12]; ׳נ ֗֗֗ עֲוֺן = be responsible for [Exod 28:33]; [Num 18:1] (twice in verse) compare [18:23]; **incur guilt [Exod 28:43] = bear guilt for others [Lev 10:17]; [16:22] (of goat; + אֶלאֿרץ, construct praegn.), [Num 30:16] (all P), [Ezek 4:4-5], [6], compare ׳נ זְנוּתֵיכֶם [Num 14:33]; ׳נ חֵטְא [Isa 53:12], compare ׳נ חֳלָיֵנוּ [53:4]; also ׳נ ֗֗֗ בַּעֲוֺן bear at (share in), [Ezek 18:19-20], (twice in verse).
c. support, sustain, on (על) wings [Exod 19:4]; [Deut 32:11]; [Psa 91:12] (all figurative); land could not support them [Gen 13:6] (J), [36:7] (P).
d. endure [Jer 15:15]; [31:19]; [Ezek 36:6]; [Job 34:31]; [Psa 55:13]; [69:8]; [88:16]; [Prov 18:14]; [30:21]; suffer, bear with, permit [Job 21:3].
e. bear, carry, אֲלֵהֶם מָּנָיו מֵאֵת וַיִּשָּׂא [Gen 43:34] (J) and they (indefinite) carried portions from his presence unto them; carry gifts as tribute [2Sam 8:2], [6]; later, bring an offering [Psa 96:8] = [1Chr 16:29]; [Ezek 20:31] (ᵐ5 Co בראשׁית; Toy following MT).
f. carry = contain, hold: bath to hold 1/10 homer [Ezek 45:11].
g. bear fruit, of tree [Hag 2:19]; [Joel 2:22], figurative [Ezek 36:8]; boughs [17:23] (in figurative); produce, yield, of mountains [Job 40:20]; [Psa 72:3] (both with לְ for).
3 Take, take away:
a. literal with מִן [1Sam 17:34]; [Num 16:15] (unjustly).
b. take away, carry off, [Judg 21:23]; [1Kin 15:22] [2Chr 16:6]; [1Kin 18:12]; [Lam 5:13]; [Micah 2:2]; [Jer 49:29] (ל person), [Isa 40:24]; [41:16] +; take away head (מֵעַל person) [Gen 40:19] (see above); sweep away = destroy [Job 32:22] (compare Niph`al 4); life [2Sam 14:14].
c. take away, guilt, iniquity, transgression, etc., i.e. forgive, with accusative [Gen 50:17] (E), [Exod 32:32] (E), [10:17]; [34:7] (J), [Num 14:18] (JE), [1Sam 15:25]; [Hosea 14:3]; [Job 7:21] (|| עָוֺן הֶעֱכִיר), [Psa 32:5]; + ל person [Micah 7:18]; ל person, accusative omitted, [Gen 18:20] (J), [Num 14:19] (J E; || עָוֺן סלח), [Hosea 1:6]; [Isa 2:9] (probably gloss.), [Psa 99:8]; with ל of sin [Gen 50:17]; [Exod 23:21] (both E), [1Sam 25:28]; [Psa 25:18]; עָוֺן נְשֻׂא [Isa 33:24]; מֶּשַׁע נְשׂוּיֿ [Psa 32:1]. [In this sense ׳נ used in E; סלח in D P; both in J; ׳נ also in early prophets, Samuel and Job, and in earlier and latest Psalms; not in Jeremiah, Kings, Isa2, Lamentations, Chronicles, Daniel, which use סלח; see BrHexateuch 155.]
d. take as wife (usually with לְ for), late: [Ezra 9:2], [12]; [10:44]; [Neh 13:25]; [2Chr 11:21]; [13:21]; [24:3]; [Ruth 1:4].
e. take an enumeration, usually with ראֹשׁ sum [Exod 30:12]; [Num 1:2]; [1:49]; [4:2]; [4:22]; [26:2]; [32:26]; Numbers 32:49 (all P); with מִסְמָּר [3:40]; [1Chr 27:23].
f. take and carry away, receive, [Deut 33:3]; 1 Kings 5:23; [Psa 24:5]; hence, obtain favour (חֵן חֶסֶד,) [Est 2:9], [17] (both + לִפְנֵי), [5:2] (+ בְּעֵינָיו). — מִשָּׁרָשֶׁיהָ אוֺתָהּ לְמַשְׂאוֺת [Ezek 17:9] (Co Berthol וגו שְׂאֵת ׳לְיוֺם) is usually rendered plucking it up (tearing it away) by the roots, but dubious; ׳נ not elsewhere in this sense.
Niph`al Perfect נִשָּׂא [Jer 51:9], ׳וְנ consecutive [Exod 25:28] +; Imperfect יִנָּשֵׂא [Isa 40:4]; [3]masculine plural יִנָּֽשְׂאוּ [Ezek 1:19-20], [21], יִנָּשׂוּא [Jer 10:5], יִנָּשֵׂ֑אוּ [Prov 30:13]; [3]feminine plural תִּנָּשֶׂאנָה [Isa 49:22], etc.; Imperative הִנָּשֵׂא [Psa 7:7]; [94:2], masculine plural הִנָָּֽשְׂאוּ [24:7]; Infinitive הִנָּשֵׂא [Ezek 1:19], suffix הִנָָּֽשְׂאָם [1:21]; Participle נִשָּׂא [Isa 2:2] +, feminine נִשָּׂאָה [30:25], נִשֵּׂאת [Zech 5:7]; [1Chr 14:2], etc.; — [2Sam 19:43] is dubious, and participle (Ol§ 192 c Köi. 632 f.) inexplicable; read נִשּׂא (Infinitive absolute
Niph`al) Dr (compare Th), or מַשְׂאֵת portion Gr HPS; > BaNB 90 thinks נִשֵּׂאת Infinitive Niph`al with compensative ending; —
1 be lifted up,
a. literal [Zech 5:7]; [Ezek 1:19], [21] (both הָאָרֶץ מֵעַל), [1:19]; [1:20]; [1:21] (all in vision), of valleys [Isa 40:4]; of gates [Psa 24:7] + [24:9] b (read
Niph`al); of eyelids [Prov 30:13] (superciliousness); metaphor of judgment on Babylon reaching up to the sky (עַד); participle = elevated, exalted [Isa 6:1] (of ׳יs throne, in vision); of lofty hills [2:14]; [30:25]; [57:7], compare [Micah 4:1] = [Isa 2:2] מִן lifted from out the hills), once of trees [2:13] (text dubious); Generally, [2:12].
b. figurative, be exalted, of king, [2Chr 32:23], kingdom [1Chr 14:2], servant of ׳י [Isa 52:13], ׳י himself [57:15].
2 reflexive lift oneself up = rise up, of ׳י, to display power in judgment: [Isa 33:10]; [Psa 94:2].
3 be borne, carried [Jer 10:5]; [Exod 25:28] (P), [Isa 49:22]; [66:22].
4 be taken away, carried off, [2Kin 20:17] (ה locative) = [Isa 39:6]; be swept away (of multitude) [Dan 11:12] (compare Bev Behrm, Prince, see also Qal 3; Ew Hi as 2, see Dr).
Pi`el Perfect נִשֵּׂא [2Sam 5:12], נִשָּׂא (analogue of ׳ל ה) [19:43]; [1Kin 9:11], וְנִשָּׂא consecutive [Amos 4:2], etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular suffix וַיְנַשְּׂאֵ֫הוּ [Est 3:1], וַיְנַשְּׂאֵם [Isa 63:9]; [3]masculine plural suffix יְנַשְּׂאוּהוּ [Ezra 1:4]; Imperative masculine singular suffix נַשְּׂאֵם [Psa 28:9]; Participle plural מְנַשְּׂאִים [Jer 22:27] [2]t.; —
1 lift up = exalt, kingdom [2Sam 5:12] (||
Niph`al [1Chr 14:2]), person [Est 5:11] (עַל), compare [3:1]; = support, aid, assist [Ezra 8:36]; [Est 9:3]; with ב aid with trees (supply with) [1Kin 9:11], so [Ezra 1:4].
2 figurative ׳נ נֶפֶשׁ = desire, long, [Jer 22:14]; [44:14].
3 carry, bear continuously [Isa 63:9]; [Psa 28:9].
4 take, take away [2Sam 19:43] (ל for; but see
Niph`al above); [Amos 4:2] (ב instrumental; We Now וְנָָֽשְׂאוּ). —
Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְנַשָּׂ֑א [Num 23:24]; [3]feminine singular תִּנַּשֵּׂא [24:7]; [2]masculine singular תִּתְנַשֵּׂא [Ezek 29:15]; [3]masculine plural יִנַּשְּׂאוּ [Dan 11:14]; [2]masculine plural תִּתְנַשְּׂאוּ [Num 16:3]; Infinitive הִתְנַשֵּׂא [Ezek 17:14]; [Prov 30:32]; Participle מִתְנַשֵּׂא [1Kin 1:5]; [1Chr 29:11]; — lift oneself up, like a lion [Num 23:24] (JE); participle he who exalts himself [1Chr 29:11] (+ לְראֹשׁ לְכֹל) as human ruler (Kau), > (sc. אַתָּה) of ׳י as ruler; Ew§ 160 e Ke Be as substantive [infinitive of Aramaic form], the exaltation; of a kingdom [Num 24:7] (JE), compare [Ezek 17:14]; in arrogance [1Kin 1:5]; [Num 16:3] (P; with עַלֿ), [Ezek 29:15] (with עַל), [Prov 30:32]; [Dan 11:14].
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular consecutive
1 cause one to bear iniquity (2 accusative) וְהִשִּׂ֫יאוּ [Lev 22:16].
2 apparently cause to bring, have brought, וְהִשִּׂיאוּ [2Sam 17:13] (with accusative of thing + אֶל location), but very dubious; Ki Kit Bu וְיָשִׂימוּ HPS וְהֵבִיאוּ; > We הֵשִׂימוּ.